Objective To evaluate the clinical application of sweep pattern visual evoked potential in assessing visual acuity (SPVEP-A)of amblyopic children.Design Prospective clinical study.Participants 80 patients(148 case)of amblyopic children and 26 children(52 case)with normal vision.Methods The correlation were analysed of SPVEP-A and E acuity in 80 amblyopic children and of SPVEP-A and PVEP-A in 26 children of normal visual.SPVEP-A was recorded with UTAS-E 3000(LKC)using gratings of 25 differ- ent spatial frequency from 0.2 to 18.8cpd as stimulus.The response were averaged and DFT on the monitor display.SPVEP-A was de- termined by extrapolate to 0 response amplitude.Both transient PVEP-A and SPVEP-A were examined in 26 normal children.The ob- jective visual acuity in PVEP were determined with the highest spatial frequency which evoked a recognizable response.Main Out- come Measures SPVEP-A,PVEP-A and E acuity.Results SPVEP-A were from 0.35 to 0.9 among 80 patients with corrected E acu- ity from 0.1 to 0.8.The correlation coefficient of SVEP-A-I with E acuity was 0.602 .The correlation coefficient of SPVEP-A.between reproducibility detection was 0.448.The correlation between SPVEP-A and E acuity in amblyopic slightly was higher than middle and severe amblyopia(r=0.773 vs r=0.590).In 26 normal children a correlation coefficient of 0.679 was obtained between E acuity anti PVEP-A but 0.424 between E acuity and SPVEP-A.Higher evaluation or lower evaluation of E acuity was found in SPVEP-A in this study.Acuity was upostimated in lower scope of E acuity and underestimated in higher scope of E acuity.The reproducibility and vari- ation were not satisified.Conclusion The sweep VEP is a objective method of amblyopic screening.There is significant positive corre- lation between SPVEP-A and E,but its variability is more great,so we should improve its stability and positive rate uheriorly.

AIM: To evaluate the relationship between damages of visual field and retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness in primary open angle glaucoma (POAG)with highly myopia. POAG with highly myopia group (21 eyes of 17 cases), POAG with non-highly myopia group (17 eyes of 16 cases), highly myopia without POAG group (25 eyes of 20 cases) and normal control group (19 eyes of 17 cases).automated perimeter and thickness of RNFL was measured by optical coherent tomography(OCT). Main outcome mean deviation (MD), pattern standard deviation (PSD) and mean sensitivity at superior, inferior, nasal and temporal sectors in total deviation probability plots. Thickness of RNFL at superior, inferior, nasal and temporal sector.total deviation probability plots of the early POAG with highly myopia than that of POAG without highly myopia,and the early visual field defects of glaucoma in pattern deviation probability plots of this group. MD of POAG with highly myopia was more than those of others (P＜0.05).The differences of MD, PSD and mean sensitivity between POAG with highly myopia and others were significant(P＜0.05).Mean sensitivities in each sector of POAG without highly myopia were similar to those of highly myopia(P＞0.05). The thickness of RNFL of POAG with highly myopia was thinner than that of others and the thickness of RNFL of normality was thicker than that of others. The relationship between mean sensitivity and the thickness of RNFL in each quadrant was significant(P＜0.05).judgment of the visual field changes in POAG with highly myopia. The relationship between RNFL thickness by OCT and visual field damage may provide clinically relevant information in diagnosis of POAG with highly myopia. Field; optical coherent tomography

Objective To evaluate the feasibility of using comprehensive geriatric assessment (CGA) in estimating if standard dose treatment is fit for the elderly patients with diffuse large B cell lymphoma.Methods.Comprehensive geriatric assessments including three assessments of activity of daily living,instrumental activity of daily living and comorbidity scoring according to Cumulative Illness Rating Score for Geriatrics were adopted to assess if standard dose treatment is fit for the elderly patients in our prospective study.Thirty seven patients with diffuse large B cell lymphoma,aged ＞70 years were enrolled in the study,and grouped into fit,unfit and frail groups according to comprehensive geriatric assessment scoring and their age.The treatment protocolswere not determined by comprehensive geriatric assessment scores,but by clinical judgments made by clinicians based on their clinical experience and disease features.The clinically effective response and overall survival (OS) were analyzed in the three groups.Results According to CGA scores,patients were grouped into fit [21 cases (56.8％)],unfit [7 (18.9％)] and frail [9 (24.3％)].37 cases received 213 courses of treatment at average 5.76 courses per case.The overall response (complete / partial remission) rates were [85.7％(18/21) vs.28.6％ (2/7) vs.44.4％ (4/9),x2=9.69,P=0.008] and median survival times were (44 months vs.10 months vs.9 months;x2 =7.03,P=0.03) among fit,unfit and frail groups with statistically significant differences.Total effective rate (achieving all clinical targets) in fit group of 21 cases were 100 ％ (12/12)with receiving standard dose therapy,and 66.7％ of(6/9)with low dose therapy(P=0.06).Overall response rate(total/partial remission) [85.7％(18/21) vs.28.6％(2/7) vs.44.4％(4/9),x2=9.69,P=0.008] and median survival (44 months vs.10 months vs.9 months;x2 =7.03,P=0.03) amongfit,unfit and frail groups.In fit group,the two-year overall survival was higher in patients receiving standard dose treatment than receivingpalliativetreatment,with statistical significance [83.3 ％ (10/12) vs.33.3 ％ (3/9),P =0.032],without significant hematologic toxicity observed between the subgroups.Conclusions Comprehensive geriatric assessment can identify if elderly patients diffuse large B cell lymphoma can acquire a satisfactory curative effect from a standard dose treatment ofimmunochemotherapy.

Objectives To investigate the expression and diagnostic value of 14-3-3 protein in brains of patients with sporadic Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease(sCJD).Methods 14-3-3 protein was immunohistochemically analyzed in tissue from the frontal lobe of 5 patients with sCJD and 4 non-CJD eases Using 14-3-3 ?and ?antibodies with reference to the results of KB,GFAP and PrP detection.Results The expressions of 14-3-3 protein in five brains of sCJD were more obviously,mostly in gray matters and astrocytes in three cases.The concentration was related to PrP deposition type,but not related to prion protein genotype.Except few expression of 14-3-3 protein in neurous of two cases of acute contusion,there were no expression in the other two cases in control group.Conclusions The expression of 14-3-3 protein in brain is useful to pathological diagnosis of CJD.

OBJECTIVETo explore the physical and behavioral, microscopic and chemical characteristic traits of Brassica rapa, and supply scientific bases for establishing its quality control standard.

METHODMicroscopic identification method was adopted to observe the microscopic characters of ten batches crude drugs, the contents of water, impurity, total ash, insoluble acid ash and extractives were detected based on Chinese Pharmacopoeia (2010) , and the oil constituents were analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS).

RESULTThe microscopic traits were cotyledon, palisade cells, non-glandular hairs and inner endosperm, while the palisade cells, cotyledon cells and non-glandular hairs existed in its powders. The results confirmed the contents of water, impurity, total ash and insoluble acid ash should be fewer than 6%, 4.5%, 6%, 0.7%, while the content of extractives should exceed 11%. The main oil compounds in it were erucic acid, oleic acid and gamma-sitosterol through the GC-MS analysis.

CONCLUSIONThe experimental methods were accurate and reliable, and the indexes and parameters may be thought as the quality standards for B. rapa.

Brassica rapa ; chemistry ; growth & development ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; analysis ; standards ; Quality Control ; Seeds ; chemistry ; growth & development

Objectives To evaluate the efficacy of rituximab combined with chemotherapy in the treatment of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) and the relationship of clinical prognosis with the International Prognostic Index (IPI) by the using rituximab in autologous peripheral stem cell transplantation (APBSCT) for the patients of DLBCL. Methods 21 patients with DLBCL, 11 patients of them were at IPI low risk, and 3 patients were IPI at low intermediate risk, 3 patients were at IPI high intermediate risk, 4patients IPI high risk. Rituximab combined with CHOP regimen (cyclophosphamide, adriamycin, vincfistine and prednisone) was given for 4～8 courses. 5 patients received APBSCT. The mobilizing regimen was rituximab combined with cyclophosphamide(CTX) and etoposide(VP16). The conditioning regimen were CBV(CTX combined with VP16 and carmustine). Results In 21 patients, the complete response rate was 61.9 %,with overall response rate 90.5 %. 2-year progression free survival was (69.74±10.43)%. 2-year overall survival was (84.44:1:8.35) %. The complete response rate was 92.9 % and overall response rate was 100 % in the patients IPI≤2. The overall response rate was 71.4 % in the patients with IPI≥3. The complete response rate was higher in the patients with IPI≤ 2 (P＜0.01). The amount of mononuclear cells (M NC) in harvest were 7.34 (4.6～8.53)×108/kg. The CD+34 cells in harvest were 8.82 (2.1～10.34)×1O6/kg. The mean time of neutrephil recovering to 0.5×109/L after APBSCT was +9 day. The mean time of platelet recovering to 20×109/L after APBSCT was +12 day. The major adverse reaction were infusion related response (14.3 %) and hematological toxieities. Conclusion The efficacy of rituximab combined with chemotherapy in the treatment of DLBCL is effective, The complete response rate was higher in the patients with IPI≤2 than in the patients with IPI≥3.Using rituximab in mobilizing regimen, all patients had harvested enough CD+34 cells. Rituximab given at +1day did not affect the hematopoiesis reconstruction.

Objective To observe the effect of 5-aza-2'-deoxycytidine(5-aza-CdR)on the normal epithelial specific-1 gene(NES1)and the growth of human gastric cancer xenografts in nude mice,and to explore the possible anti-tumor mechanisms and search for new treatment for gastric cancer.Methods Human gastric caner xenograft model in nude mice was established and treated with 5-aza-CdR.The growth of xenografts in nude mice was observed,and the status of methylation and protein expression of NES1 gene were detected by MSP and immunohistochemistry respectirely.Results After treatment with 5-aza-CdR,the growth of the xenografts in nude mice was greatly inhibited(P

Objective To investigate the iodine nutrition level of vulnerable people in Inner Mongolia after adjustment of iodized salt standard and to provide theoretical bases for scientific iodine supplementation. Methods In 2013, 3 cities were selected from eastern, central and western parts of Inner Mongolia in accordance with the random number table, 3 or 4 counties were selected from each target city, 5 units according to their sub-area position of east, south, west, north and center were selected from each county, and then 1 township was selected from each unit, 5 groups of target population including school children aged 8- 10, women of childbearing age, pregnant and lactating women and infants each at least 10 people were investigated in each township. Edible salt samples from their homes and urine samples were collected. The direct titration method among the generic methods of iodide testing for salt production industry (GB/T 13025.7-2012) was used to determine the salt iodine level, and As3+-Ce4+catalytic spectrophotometry using ammonium per sulfate digestion (WS/T 107-2009) was used to test the urinary iodine level. Results Totally 3 300 samples of edible salt from local residents had been examined and median iodine was 26.20 mg/kg. The median of urinary iodine was 190.6μg/L of 1 289 school-age children;was 183.6μg/L of 621 women of childbearing age; was 178.2 μg/L o f 876 pregnant women; was 178.6 μg/L of 664 lactating women and was 167.7μg/L of 599 infants. Conclusion After adjustment of iodized salt standard, iodine nutrition level is suitable in all vulnerable people.

Extracellular 5'-nucleotidase (CD73) is not only highly expressed in a variety of solid tumor tissues, but also closely related to tumor stage, treatment and tumor prognosis. CD73 can exert a wide range of immunosuppressive effects through multiple pathways such as A2A receptor, regulation of regulatory T cells, and inhibition of inflammation. Blocking CD73 molecules can not only effectively activate anti-tumor immune responses, but also significantly improve the clinical efficacy of programmed death 1 (PD-1)/programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) antibodies. Thus, CD73, as a new immunological checkpoint molecule in the tumor microenvironment, may become a promising new immunotherapy target following CTLA4, PD-1/PD-L1.

For diabetes mellitus, little research has been done on the tissue-based or cell-based drug screening model, which has advantages over traditional animal diabetic model in high specificity, high screening volume, low cost and simple manipulation. Considering that the maintenance of complete islet tissue structure is the prerequisite for islet cells to perform their functions normally, an in vitro islet-based drug screening model for diabetes mellitus was established and evaluated. Pancreatic islets were isolated from 3 weeks old mice of either sex by collagenase digestion and density gradient centrifugation as prescribed by Ramanadham S. The volume of 0.1% (W/V) collagenase IV, 0.1% (W/V) Hyaluroridase and 0.1% (W/V) DNase I were 4 times, 2 times and 1 times that of the islets to be digested. And a 2 hours' cold digestion at 4 degrees C was followed by a 10 minutes' warm digestion at 37 degrees C. Under the optimized digestion condition, the islet recovery could be increased by 10%. The isolated islets could survive 6 weeks in vitro and show stable insulin secretion in the first 10 days after inoculation. The obtained islets were cultured in RPMI-1640 medium at 37 degrees C with 5% CO2. Then a diabetic model was established by selecting streptozotocin (STZ) as the evocator and nitric oxide (NO) as the responding index. After 1 day's inoculation, islets culture was treated with STZ, whose concentration ranged from 0 to 5.0 mmol/L. NO was measured by a colorimetric assay at 540nm based on the Griess reaction for 10 min with 0.1 mL Griess reagent and 0.1 mL culture supernatants. Insulin secretion was assayed by RIA methods. Due to the islets-related inoculation variations, NO release and insulin content were both expressed as a percentage of the value recorded in basal experiment which was in the only presence of Krebs culture medium. It was testified that the amount of NO released from islet itself remained steady at 30-35 mmol/L regardless of the changes of STZ concentration from 0 to 5.0 mmol/L. However the NO content in the supernatants of islets culture had close relationship with STZ concentration. This indicated that in this STZ-induced islet diabetic model, NO mainly comes from STZ when it dissolves in water. On the other hand, when STZ changed from 0 to 5.0 mmol/L, the dose-dependent relationship between NO content and insulin secretion showed that the increase of NO came along with the decrease of insulin secretion, which is an important symbol of islet function. As a kind of oxidative free radical, NO is capable of impair islet cells. Thus, NO is a reliable responding index of the model. The optimal STZ concentration in the model is finally determined to be 5.0 mmol/L, under which condition the NO content and insulin secretion is 10.81 times and 0.43 times that in the medium before STZ is added. So if anything is effective in lowering the NO content in the culture, it could protect islets cells from the oxidative attacks of NO. Finally, as an application of the model, the scavenging effect of KOSCr on NO was studied. In a series of KOSCr with different chromium content, all had shown better NO scavenging effects than KOS itself, which could give us an enlightenment of the influence of chromium ion on oligosaccharide. And 1 g/mL KOSCr with 3.519% chromium content can significantly inhibit the NO formation. This has lain a theoretic basis for the research of KOSCr bioactivity and quality control. These results suggested that the STZ-induced diabetic islet model which is impaired by NO free radical can be used effectively, fast and conveniently when screening potential diabetes drugs.
Animals ; Chromium ; pharmacology ; Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental ; metabolism ; Disease Models, Animal ; Female ; In Vitro Techniques ; Insulin ; metabolism ; Islets of Langerhans ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred ICR ; Nitric Oxide ; metabolism ; Streptozocin ; pharmacology