No abstract available.
Drug Therapy, Combination* ; Necrosis* ; Radiotherapy* ; Small Cell Lung Carcinoma*

No abstract available.
Candida* ; Esophagitis* ; HIV Infections* ; HIV* ; Humans

Barrett's esophagus is a metaplastic process in which the squamous epithelium of the lowet esophagus is replaced by columnar epithelium. Most cases are believed to be related to prolonged gastroesophageal reflux. Detection of Barretts esophagus is important in that it results in adenocarcinoma in about 10% of patients. We report a case of adenocarcinoma arising from Barrett's esophagus in a 56 year-old man, diagnosed incidentally at a physical check-up. Grossly, the esophagogastric junction was irregular and there were two small ulcers in the lower esophagus. Microscopically, ihe squamous epithelium of the lower hagus was replaced by specialized intesinal mucosa with a small focus of adenocarcinona confined to the submucosa in one area. Many separate dysplastic foci were also present in the nearby esophageal mucosa.
Adenocarcinoma* ; Barrett Esophagus* ; Epithelium ; Esophagogastric Junction ; Esophagus* ; Gastroesophageal Reflux ; Humans ; Intestines* ; Middle Aged ; Mucous Membrane ; Stomach* ; Ulcer

Heterotopic pregnancy is the coexistency of intrauterine and extrauterine pregnancy. The incidence of heterotopic pregnancy is about 1 to 30,000 pregnancy in a natural cycle. However, the frequency of heterotopic pregnancy has steadily increased because of rising incidence of pelvic inflammatory disease, pelvic surgery and the development of ovulation induction and assisted reproduction. Because heterotopic pregnancy is difficult to diagnose and it has high morbidity and mortality rate, one should always take this into consideration and should conduct careful and thorough gynecologic evaluation. We have experienced a case of heterotopic pregnancy in a 29-year old woman who presented with acute abdominal pain in a natural cycle and report this case with a brief review of literature.
Abdominal Pain ; Adult ; Female ; Humans ; Incidence ; Mortality ; Ovulation Induction ; Pelvic Inflammatory Disease ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy, Heterotopic* ; Reproduction

No abstract available.
Thoracic Outlet Syndrome*

We reviewed 26 cases of cardiac rhabdomyoma in children which were diagnosed between 1986 and 1991 in Seoul National University Children's Hospital. Twenty-two cases were associated with tuberous sclerosis. Total tumor count was 58 and mean tumor count per patient was "daehakgyo".23. Their cardiac rhabdomyomas were diagnosed from fetal period through 12 years after birth. Median age was 9."uiwon" months. Fifteen patients were males and rest 11 patients were females. Cardiac symtoms and signs at initial diagnosis were present in 12 cases. They consisted of cardiac murmur in "hakgyo", arrhythmia in 8 and congestive heart failure in "daehakgyo" cases (one with murmur and the other with arrhythmia). Cardiomegaly was seen in 9 cases on chest X-ray and other "byeongwon" case showed abnormal left cardiac border. Electrocardiography and 24 hour Holter monitorings showed arrhythmia in 15 cases. Clinically significant arrhythmias were found in 7 cases on 24 hour Holter monitorings. They consisted of 1with frequent premature ventricular contractions, "daehakgyo uigwadaehak" with frequent premature atrial contractions, "daehakgyo" with atrial tachycardia and "daehakgyo uigwadaehak" with atrio-ventricular block ("daehakgyo" cases of atrio-ventricular block had other arrhythmias also). The locations of tumors were left ventricle in 21, interventricular septum in 21, right ventricle in 13 and atrium in "daehakgyo uigwadaehak" tumors. Mean tumor count per patient in fetal period and infancy was "daehakgyo".86 and it was statistically much more than that after infancy which was "byeongwon".5. Mean tumor area which was calculated on two dimensional echocardiography was larger in fetal period and infancy(128.9 +/- 38.2mm2)than that after infancy(47.8 +/- 11.2mm2). Mean relative tumor area to aortic root dimension was also significantly larger in fetal period and infancy than that after infancy ("daehakgyo".07vs 0.30). In tuberous sclerosis, mean mass area and mean relartive tumor area to aortic root dimension in fetal period and infancy was significantly larger than those in patients after infancy. Of 26 cases, tumorectomy was done in "daehakgyo uigwadaehak" cases due to hemodynamic obstruction and arrhythmia. One case died immediately after operation and the other "daehakgyo" cases are still alive with the follow up period of 30 and 44 months each. Of the 7 patients with significant arrhythmia on 24 hour Holter monitorings, pacemaker insertion was done in "byeongwon" case who received tumorectomy and other 1 case was treated with anti-arrhythmic drugs. All the other patients did not need anti-arrhythmic drugs or other management.
Arrhythmias, Cardiac ; Atrial Premature Complexes ; Cardiomegaly ; Child* ; Diagnosis ; Echocardiography ; Electrocardiography ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Heart Failure ; Heart Murmurs ; Heart Ventricles ; Hemodynamics ; Humans ; Male ; Parturition ; Rhabdomyoma* ; Seoul ; Tachycardia ; Thorax ; Tuberous Sclerosis ; Ventricular Premature Complexes

Reentrant tachycardias can often be terminated by discrete pacing stimuli that penetrate the reentrant circuit. Antitachycardia pacemaker PASAR 4172 (Programmable Automatic Scanning Arrhythmia Reversion, Model 4172, Telectronics) is designed to detect tachycardia automatically and subsequently to deliver programmed one or two extrastimuli to revert to sinus rhythm. We experienced two patients, one paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia and one paroxysmal ventricular tachycardia, who had had frequent and often prolonged episodes of tachycardia that responded poorly to pharmacologic antiarrhythmic therapy. Each patient underwent a detailed preimplantation clinical electrophysiological study in order to determine the number of stimuli required for termination of tachycardia, the most satisfactory site for electrode placement, and the tachycardia termination zone. During the follow-up period of 7 to 11 months after implantation of PASAR 4172, no patient complained of an episode of sustained tachycardia although they experienced symptoms of an impending attack. We conclude that antitachycardia pacemaker PASAR 4172 is a safe, effective, and well tolerated method for the therapy of drug resistant paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia and paroxysmal ventricular tachycardia.
Arrhythmias, Cardiac ; Electrodes ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Tachycardia ; Tachycardia, Paroxysmal* ; Tachycardia, Supraventricular ; Tachycardia, Ventricular

No abstract available.
Child* ; Heart Neoplasms* ; Humans

The effects of a fermentation filtrate of Ganoderma lucidum (FGL) on carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-induced hepatic fibrosis were investigated in rats. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were orally administered with FGL (20 or 100 mg/kg) for 33 days, and orally administered with CCl4 (1.0 mL/kg; 2 mL/kg of 50% in corn oil) at 3-day intervals 1 h after FGL treatment. Body and liver weights, blood and histopathological findings in accordance with hydroxyproline concentrations were analyzed. Chronic exposure to CCl4 reduced the body weight gain, but increased liver weights and fibrosis, resulting in 3.35-fold increase in hydroxyproline level. Although FGL did not significantly reduce the CCl4-induced body and liver weight changes, it attenuated the increases in the hepatic fibrosis and hydroxyproline contents. Taken together, it is suggested that FGL might prevent hepatic fibrosis, and that FGL or its ingredient could be a potential candidate for the prevention of chronic hepatic disorders.
Animals ; Body Weight ; Carbon Tetrachloride ; Fermentation ; Fibrosis ; Ganoderma ; Humans ; Hydroxyproline ; Liver ; Male ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Reishi ; Weights and Measures ; Zea mays

Antioxidative and aldose reductase (AR)-inhibitory effects of a fermentation filtrate of Rubus coreanus (FRC) were investigated using corneal/retinal homogenate and lens cytosol, respectively. Rat corneal/retinal homogenate was treated with 50 microM FeCl3 in the presence of FRC (3.2-100 microg/mL) for 30 min at 37degrees C, and thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances (TBARS) was quantified as a lipid peroxidation parameter. FRC markedly suppressed the TBARS production in a concentration-dependent manner, leading to 50% (IC50) and 100% (IC100) inhibitory concentrations of 20 and 95 microg/mL, respectively, which was similar to the effect of butylated hydroxyanisole. Activity of AR from rat lens was assayed in the presence of FRC (1-31.6 microg/mL) at 25degrees C using glyceraldehyde as a substrate. FRC inhibited lens AR by 50% (IC50) and 90% (IC90) at approximately 2 and 31.6 microg/mL, respectively, comparable to the effect of quercetin. The results indicate that ERC could be a promising candidate for the improvement of eye injury and visual dysfunction of dry eye and diabetic patients.
Aldehyde Reductase ; Animals ; Butylated Hydroxyanisole ; Cytosol ; Eye ; Eye Injuries ; Fermentation ; Glyceraldehyde ; Humans ; Lipid Peroxidation ; Quercetin ; Rats ; Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances