Clinical practice of medical imaging technology undergraduates is a key link in the transformation from imaging technology students to imaging technologists. However, there are a series of problems leading to poor practice effect, e.g., imaging technology involves a lot of learning contents, and the teachers' level is uneven. Based on the above problems, some improvements have been implemented, including the establishment of the admission lecture system and tutor responsibility system, application of pluralistic teaching methods, standardizing the examination system of interns, flexible adjustment of practice time arrangements, training of practice teaching team, and so on. Finally, the quality and effect of undergraduate practice teaching in medical imaging technology has been improved significantly.

Limb rehabilitation is one of the key issues for improving the quality of life in patients with stroke. Studies have demonstrated that the retention and recovery of active movement of hemiplegic limb have predictive value for the prognosis in acute stroke. The responsible lesion sites and rehabilitation training in the acute phase may be an important factor in influencing the recovery of active movement ability of hemiplegie upper limb. However, there is still lack of a large, multi-center study, and further related studies are needed.

Aim To prepare the novel pyridostigmine bromide nanoemusion(PPNE)and study its release in vitro, and to investigate the intestinal absorption. Methods Pyridostigmine bromide (PB)and PPNE were tested by HPLC in pH 1 .2 HCl,pH 6.8,pH 7.4,pH 7.8 PBS.Rat single pass intestinal perfusion method was employed to investigate the absorption mechanism of PB and PPNE.Results PB release rate was faster than PB in the four release media;the intes-tinal absorption rate constant(Ka )and apparent perme-ability coefficient(Papp)of PPNE were increased in the duodenum,jejunum,ileum and colon segments.PB and PPNE had significant difference in the duodenum, jejunum,ileum and colon segments by t test (P <0.05).Conclusions PPNE can improve the bioavail-ability of drugs,increase the drugs permeability,sig-nificantly improve the absorption of the drugs in the in-testinal segments. PPNE has obviously sustained effects.

Objective To investigate the effects of acupuncture on the improvement of esophageal motility disorder in patients with refractory gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD).Methods From September 2012 to March 2014,40 patients with refractory GERD were enrolled and evenly divided into the treatment group and the control group. High resolution esophageal impedance manometry was conducted in patients.After the first examination,patients of the control group lay down for 30 minutes, and patients of the treatment group received acupuncture treatment at Neiguan,Gongsun and Zusanli points for 30 minutes.Then all the patients underwent high resolution esophageal impedance manometry again.ManoView ESO 3.0 software was used for analysis.The parameters included swallowing peristalsis defect,lower esophageal sphincter (LES)pressure,LES residual pressure,LES length,upper esophageal sphincter (UES)pressure,distal wave amplitude,peristalsis duration time,starting speed of peristalsis wave,speed of edge contraction and integration of the peristaltic waves.Chi-square test or t test was performed for data analysis.Results The percentage of normal swallows of the treatment group before and after treatment was 56.0% (112/200)and 74.0% (148/200),the percentage of delayed esophageal emptying was 31 .5 % (63/200 )and 11 .5 % (23/200 ),and the differences were statistically significant (χ2 =14.242 and 23.700,both P <0.01 ).However there was no significant difference in those of the control group (both P > 0.05 ).The LES resting pressure of the treatment group before and after treatment was (20.2 ±18.8)mmHg (1 mmHg=0.133 kPa)and (26.3±10.1)mmHg,the length of LES was (2.2 ±0.6 )cm and (3.3 ±0.8)cm,the distal esophageal peristaltic amplitude was (60.2 ± 21 .9)mmHg and (41 .1 ± 16.8 )mmHg,and the differences were statistically significant (t = 5 .519, 6.580 and 6.881 ,all P <0.01 ).There was no significant difference in LES residual pressure before and after treatment (P >0.05 ).There as no significant difference in LES resting pressure and LES residual pressure of the control group before and after lying down (both P >0.05 ).However,before and after lying down,there were significant differences in the length of LES ((2.3 ±0.6)cm vs (2.5 ±0.6)cm) and UES resting pressure ((67.4 ±21 .2 )mmHg vs (53.5 ±18.1 )mmHg)in the control group (t =2.530 and 6.652,both P <0.05 ).The distal wave amplitude of the treatment group before and after treatment was (73.7 ±28.3)mmHg and (88.5 ±29.1 )mmHg,the duration of peristalsis was (2.9 ± 0.4)s and (3.2 ± 0.4 )s,the distal contraction integral was (977.7 ± 733.2 )mmHg · cm · s and (1 225 .9±945 .1)mmHg·cm·s.All the differences were statistically significant (t=7.907,3.404 and 3.325 ,all P <0.01).There were no statistically significant difference in the beginning speed of peristaltic wave and the contractile front velocity (CFV)(all P >0.05).Before and after lying down,there was no significant difference in distal wave amplitude,duration of peristalsis,the beginning speed of the peristaltic wave and CFV of the control group (all P >0.05 ).Conclusion Acupuncture can help increase the LES resting pressure,extend the length of LES,improve the overall peristaltic pressure and completeness of esophageal somatic part,meanwhile,it increases the percentage of normal swallows of patients with refractory GERD.

BACKGROUND:Periosteum is considered as a source of seed cels for cel therapydue toits biological features. OBJECTIVE:To seek the optimal way to isolate and culture rabbit periosteal cels and identify their biological features. METHODS:Rabbit periosteum on facies medialis tibiae was taken out under aseptic conditions. Periosteal cels isolated through the digestion of type II colagenase with the explants culture method were cultured in DMEM/F12 complete medium. Cel ultrastructure was observedunderan inverted microscope. Periosteal cel proliferation was determined bycel counting kit-8assay. Cel surface antigensCD90 and CD105 were determined using flow cytometry. Osteogenic andlipogenic induction mediums were applied to induce periosteal cels to differentiate into osteocytes and adipocytes, respectively. After 2 weeks of induction, cels were harvestedfor alizarin red staining and oil red O staining to assay the calciumnodules and lipid droplet. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The digestion of type II colagenase with the explants culture method shortened the period of primary cels culture and enhanced the survival rate, which causedhigher purity and stronger reproductive activity of harvested periosteal cels. Primary cultured periosteal cels grew in form of spindle spiral or paralel. Alizarin red andOil red O staining verified the multi-directional differentiation potentiality of periosteal cels. These findings suggest that the periosteal cels with high purity,strong reproductive activity,andmulti-directional differentiation potentialitycanbe harvested in short time using digestion of type II colagenase with the explants culture method.

Objective To study a possible correlation between the duration of reproductive period ( from puberty to menopause) and the prognosis of ischemic stroke. Methods Female in-patients with acute ischemic stroke confirmed by CT/MRI in the Neurology Department of the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University from 09/03/2006 to 08/30/2008 were enrolled in this study. The probable risk factors of prognosis were analyzed and recovery was assessed by modified Rankin score (MRS) at 6 months followup. Multivariate Logistic regression was used for statistic analysis. Results 371 female patients were enrolled. The average age was (66. 2 ± 10. 0) years; average menopause age was (48. 5 ± 3.9 ) years and average duration of reproductive period was (33.3 ± 4. 3) years. There is a negative correlation between the duration and MRS (OR =0. 285, 95% CI: 0. 095-0. 850, P =0.024). There is no correlation between menopause age and prognosis of stroke. Conclusions Duration of reproductive period is a predictor for prognosis of ischemic stroke. Patients with longer reproductive period have better prognosis.

Objective To explore the relationship between hypermethylation and expression of cadherin 1(CDH1)with lung cancer.Methods The semi-quantitative real-time methylation specific polymerage chsin reaction(MSP)were used to detect the promoter's relative methylation ratio of CDH1 in all 30 cases of lung cancer tissues,para-cancer lung tissues,distal lung tissues and 5 non-cancer lung tissue samples.Nested RT-PCR was used to detect the expression ratio of CDH1 mRNA.The western blot analysis was used to detect the expression of E-cad protein.The immunohistoeheroical method was used to confirm some negative results of western blot analysis.Results The relative methylation ratios was 0.13%-450.67%(median:33.61%)in cancer tissues,0.00%-177.02%(median:18.04%)in para-cancer tissues,and 0.00%-51.68%(median:13.69%)in far-cancer tissues.Statistical significance between cancer and pars-cancer tissues(Z=-2.355,P＜0.05)and between cancer and disial tissues(Z=-3.527,P＜0.01)were found.The results of nested RT-PCR showed that there were statistical sigaificance of mRNA expression between lung cancer tissues and pars-cancer tissues,distal lung tissues or non-cancer lung tissues(F=9.081,P＜0.01).The results of western blot showed that the positive expression rate of E-cad was 36.7% in lung cancer tissues,70.0%in para-cancer tissues,and 96.7% in far-cancer lung tissues,respectively.There was a statistical significance of positive rate pf E-cad expression between lung cancer tissues and pars-cancer tissues or diatal tissues(X2=6.70,24.30,7.68,P＜0.01).Conclusions The study showed that transcription of CDH1 mRNA would be silenced by hypermethylation of CDH1 promoter,resulting in the decreased expression of E-cad.The aberrant hypermethylation of E-cad is implicated in lung cancer.

Objective To evaluate the efficacy and safety of standardized seton therapy combined with the counterparts drainage improved surgical approach on the treatment of high anal fistula,and to form the technical specifications and application programs.Methods 120 patients of high anal fistula (simple and complex) from three centers were randomly divided into a treatment group and a control group,60 cases in each group.SPSS 16.0 was used to make a statistical analysis on actual enrolled patients,fall off and excluded patients.Demographics,distribution of cases and baseline data were also compared between the two groups to determine the efficacy and safety.The treatment group was treated with a modified hanging line with their counterpart drainage; while the control group was treated with traditional low cut high hanging line method.The length of healing time,hung off times,healing time,postoperative pain,anal and manometry were observed in both groups.Results Among 120 cases,118 eases were effective and 2 eases excluded off Healing time of the treatment group (29.87±3.93)d was less than the control group(35.32±8.61)d,P＜0.05.Hang off time of the treatment group (13.73±3.15)d was less than the control group (14.98±6.84) d,P＜0.05.Although the postoperative pain scores of the treatment group was lower than the control group,but with not statistical significance.Anal manometry was within the normal range,and anal function was not affected.Conclusion The quantitative hung up with the improved counterparts drainage surgical methods were safe and effective in the treatment of high anal fistula.

Objective To investigate the efficacy and safety of microsurgery for trigeminal neuralgia (TN) in elderly patients.Methods Totally 143 patients with intractable primary TN who received microsurgery were retrospectively analyzed.There were 92 cases in the elderly group with age of 65-82 years,and the other 51 cases in control group with age of 40-62 years.All the patients in both groups were classified as American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) Scale Grade 1 to 3.After suboccipital retrosigmoid craniotomy,microvascular decompression (MVD) was performed in 136patients and partial sensory trigeminal rhizotomy in 7 patients.The complications and efficacy were compared between the two groups.Results 87 cases in the elderly group and 49 cases in control group underwent MVD procedure,complete and part pain relief were achieved in 78 cases and 9 cases in the elderly group,45 cases and 4 cases in control group,respectively.After an average follow-up period of 2.6 and 2.1 years,4 cases (5.1％) among 79 follow-up cases and 3 cases (6.5％) among 46follow-up cases experienced TN recurrences in the elderly and control groups,respectively.No statistically significant differences existed in the efficacy and recurrence rate between the two groups (P＞0.05).There were 3 cases with aseptic meningitis,1 cases with hearing decrease,1 case with cerebrospinal fluid leakage,1 case with pulmonary infection and 1 cases with deliration in the elderlygroup,meanwhile,1 cases with aseptic meningitis,1 case with tinnitus and 1 case with cerebrospinal fluid leakage after surgery in control group (P＞0.05).No facial hypoesthesia appeared in the patients receiving MVD.5 cases in the elderly and 2 cases in control group underwent partial trigeminal rhizotomy with facial hypoesthesia,but the pain released,and no recurrence was found.There were no dead cases in both groups.Conclusions With cautious and proper treatment,microsurgical procedure can be performed safely and effectively in the elderly TN.