Objective　To study the viability and histological change of encapsulated rat hepatocytes after being transplanted into abdominal cavity of rat. Methods　The two-step collagenase perfusing method was used to separate hepatocytes from Wistar rat liver. The separated hepatocytes were purified with Percoll density gradient centrifugation and encapsulated by the alginate-barium method. Then the purified hepatocytes were transplanted into abdominal cavity of SD rats (group 1) and the encapsulated hepatocytes were transplanted into abdominal cavity of SD rats (group 2) and Wistar rats (group 3). At different time points post-transplantation, trypan blue stain exclusion was used to determine the viability of recovered hepatocytes. The histological changes of transplanted microencapsulated hepatocytes was examined using HE stain. Results　Twenty-four h after transplantation, the viability of hepatocytes between group 1 and group 2 showed significant difference (P<0.01), but there was no significant difference between group 2 and group 3 (P>0.05). At day 4 and day 7 after transplantation, the viability of hepatocytes showed significant difference between group 1 and group 2, and group 2 and group 3 (P<0.01). At day 14 after transplantation, no significant difference was found in the viability of hepatocytes between group 2 and group 3 (P>0.05). From day 4 post-transplantation, fibrosis overgrowth was found around some microencapsules, and it was more obvious in group 2 than in group 3. Conclusions　 Microencapsulation can provide protection to transplanted hepatocytes from host immunorejection, and thus increase the viability of hepatocytes post transplantation. The existence of inadequately encapsulated microencapsule cause the fibrosis overgrowth around these capsules, resulting in ischemia and subsequent necrosis of the hepatocytes and decreasing hepatocyte viability.

This article introduced the practice of emergency personnel cultivation according to order form based on the cooperation between Cang Zhou Medical College and the Beijing Red Cross emergency rescue center. The implementation process: First, we tried and built cooperative relation with the enterprises and public institutions which had strong cooperative intention, high demand and advanced techniques by field investigation. Second, we signed order training agreement, made clear the rights and obligations of both sides. Then, we selected the best students and formed the ordered class. Both sides organized the professional construction committee together. After much argument we thrashed practical talent training projects and professional development plans and implemented them strictly. We also built up a high quality team which involved full-time teachers as well as part-time teachers with balanced age and education. Besides, we adopted two plus one training pattern and em-ployed the best (the rate of employment beyond 80%). Thus, the win-win situation of students, schools and hospitals was realized.

More than 2 million strokes occur in china each year,most of which are caused by cerebrovascular stenosis. Atherosclerosis is the main reason for cerebrovascular stenosis. The effective treatment of intracranial atherosclerosis can significantly decrease the incidence of stroke. However,at present,about the treatment of intracranial atherosclerotic stenosis has not been standardized. This article reviews about the treatment methods for intracranial atherosclerotic stenosis in recent years and provides the basis for the development of standardized treatment of intracranial atherosclerotic stenosis.

AIM: To probe the quanlity and control of Suxiao Xiaoyan Gao. METHODS: The microscopy and TLC were applied to identify Scutellaria baicalensis; Hibiscus mutabilis; Curcuma longa; Rheum palmatum; Phellodendron chinese and borneol. The HPLC on C18column was used to determine the content of baicalin in Suxiao Xiaoyan Gao. Mobile phase was methanol∶0.4% phosphoric acid solution(47∶53). Detection wavelength was 280 nm. RESULTS： The micro-character and thin-layer chromatography was clear with no disturbance of negative sample. The average recovery of baicalin was (99±3)%, RSD was 3.35%. CONCLUSION: The method is simple and feasible. Its repetition is well. It can be used as a quality control method of Suxiao Xiaoyan Gao.

Objective To investigate the level of myocardical injury by measuring serum levels of cTnI, MYO, CK and CK-MB before and after catheter ablation in patients with atrial fibrillation. Methods Forty nine patients underwent catheter ablation for atrial fibrillation were involved in the study, cTnI, MYO, CK and CK-MB levels were measured before and 4 h after catheter ablation. Results Myocardical enzymes were increased in all patients (P0.05). Conclusion The serum myocardial enzymes levels increase after catheter ablation for atrial fibrillation. Of the above myocardical enzymes, cTnI is the most sensitive and specific parameters.

Objective To evaluate the effect of catheter ablation for atrial fibrillation on left ventricular function in patients with heart failure.Methods We retrospectedly studied 10 consecutive patients with congestive heart failure and a left ventricular ejection fraction of less than 45 percent who underwent catheter ablation for atrial fibrillation.The change in left ventricular function before and after catheter ablation was monitored during a short-term follow-up period.Results Nine patients underwent catheter ablation successfully.After a mean(SD) of 2.78?1.78 months,the patients showed improvement in left ventricular function through improvement in the left ventricular ejection fraction from 0.41?0.01 to 0.46?0.06,the left ventricular diastolic diameter decreased from 56.00?7.21 mm to 53.33?6.42 mm and the left atrial diameter decreased from 44.22?5.91mm to 42.11?4.65 mm,P

Objective To investigate the prevalence of acute pulmonary vein(PV) conduction recovery during observation time after PV isolation for paroxysmal atrial fibrillation(AF),and to evaluate the impact of re-isolation treatment on clinical results.Methods Ninety cases with paroxysmal AF(51 males,mean age of 56.4 12.3 years) were randomized to 3 groups to undergo circumferential pulmonary vein isolation(CPVI).In group A there was no observation time post-ablation.In group B there was 30 minutes for observation time post-ablation and in group C,there was 60 minutes of observation time post-ablation.All PV re-conduction was re-isolated at the end of observation.ECG and Holter were performed to evaluate the clinical effectiveness of the ablation.Results All cases underwent the procedure successfully.The mean procedural time in group A was significantly shorter than in group B and group C,but there was no significant difference on fluoroscopic time and PV isolation time among the three groups.In group B,PV re-conduction occurred in 8 cases(25%) at 30 min post-isolation,in 10 cases(31.2%) at 60 min post-isolation for the left PVs,and in 6 cases(18.8%) at 30 min post-isolation for the right PVs.In group C,PV re-conduction occurred in 9 cases(30%) at 30 min post-isolation and in 11 cases(36.7%) at 60 min post-isolation for the left PVs;for the right PVs,re-connection occured in 7 cases(23.3%) at 30 min post-isolation and in 8 cases(26.7%) at 60 min post-isolation.During a mean follow-up of 6.7 2.3 months,17 cases(60.7%) in group A,27 cases(84.3%) in group B,and 26 cases(86.7%) in group C had no recurrence of atrial tachyarrhythmias,P=0.04.Conclusion The prevalence of acute PV conduction recovery was about 30% after PV isolation,which mostly occurred within 30 minutes after initial isolation.Re-isolation of recovered PV conduction may improve the success rate of ablation for paroxysmal AF.

Objective To investigate the changes in heart rate(HR) after catheter ablation of atrial fibrillation(AF).Methods A total of 52 consecutive patients(mean age 64.65?10.18 years old) with symptomatic AF and no atrial tachycardia or AF recurrence during post-ablation follow-up were icluded in the study.Holter was performed to evaluate the changes in HR before the ablation,at one week and at one,three,six,and twelve months after the procedure.Results All the 52 patients received catheter ablation of AF successfully.The mean HR of all patients increased from 68.92?7.53 bpm at baseline to 75.58?6.48 bpm at one week after the procedure(P

Objective To evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of catheter ablation for persistent atrial fibrillation in patients with left ventricular dysfunction.Methods Thirty consecutive patients with symptomatic left ventricular dysfunction and left ventricular ejection fraction less than 45 percent underwent catheter ablation for persistent atrial fibrillation were enrolled.Sixty patients mathched according to age,sex,left atrial diameter and duration of atrial fibrillation but without left ventricular dysfunction were selected as the control.All patients underwent circumferential pulmonary vein isolation(CPVI) combined with ablation guided by complex fractionated atrial electrograms(CFAEs).Both parameters correlated with catheter ablation and complications in patients with left ventricular dysfunction were compared will the control.Left ventricular function and left atrial dimension at baseline and at 3 and 9 months after the ablation were evaluated by echocardiogram.Results The ablation procedurts were successful in all patients.The rate of pulmonary vein isolation,ablation time,X-ray exposure time and complications were not significantly different between the left ventricular dysfunction group and the control group(96.67% vs 98.33%,P=1.00;202.23?39.03 min vs 201.87?36.80 min,P=0.97;26.80?7.77 min vs 27.06?7.16 min,P=0.88;3.3% vs 3.4%,P=1.00).After a mean follow up of 11?1 months,73% of the patients with left ventricular dysfunction and 78% of the control remained in sinus rhythm(P=0.61).Forty percent of the left ventricular dysfurction group and 42% of the control received re-ablation respectively.Patients with left ventricular dysfunction showed significant improvement in left ventricular function(increase in ejection fraction by 7.87?4.72%,P

ObjectiveTo study the characteristics of wedge factor of enhanced dynamic wedge (EDW) on Varian 600C linear accelerator . MethodsEnhanced dynamic wedge factors (EDWFs) of different jaw settings were measured on a Varian 600C linear accelerator with FARMER 2570 dosimeter and 2571 0.6 ml Thimble ion chamber. At the same time,equations were used to compute EDWFs of symmetric and asymmetric fields and off axis points. The same measurements were carried out on 30 degree physical wedge in contrast to EDW. The accelerator's jaw position was described according to IEC radiotherapy equipment coordinate standard. Results The EDWFs of symmetric field decreased smoothly while the field size increased. Under the same field,EDWFs decreased as the wedge angle increased and the increasing extent became apparent when the field became larger. In off axis fields formed by the upper independent jaws,only the EDWFs of 60 degree had the tendency to increase when the field center moved toward the toe of the wedge,the rest gave the opposite results. The EDWFs of fixed points varied only by 0.5 percent when the fixed jaw remained at the same place and the moving jaw and lower jaws stayed at different positions. But the WF of 30 degree physical wedge increased by 2.9 percent when the lower jaw settings increased from 4 cm to 40 cm. The EDWFs derived from analytic equations for symmetric and asymmetric fields coincided well with measured results. But at off-axis points,the differences between calculated values and measured data were apparent. ConclusionsThe curve of EDWF versus field size is very smooth. The EDWF of fixed point only depends on the position of the stationary upper jaw,and is affected little by the moving upper jaw and lower jaws. The EDWFs of off axis fields are much more complex than those of physical wedge; it shouldn't be confused in clinical application. The conversion method of rectangular field to square field is of no use when EDW field is confronted. Analytic methods are highly conformal with the calculation of EDWFs of symmetric and asymmetric fields.