Peer review anti assessment includes the evaluation of expert and index system in two parts.The current status of anti-assessment study mainly focused on expert,much of the index system anti-assessment study reports.As can be seen from the status,the anti-assessment system not yet formed and the application is rare.In urgent need of further research to improve our peer-reviewed scientific research.

Objective To establish a less-damage method for tracheal intubation so as to improve the quality of post-cardiac arrest syndrome.Methods Thirty rabbits wvere divided into 3 groups of 10 rabbits each according to the random number table:group A receiving direct endotracheal intubation after anesthesia,Group B separation of cervical tissue and retrograde tracheal intubation after anesthesia and Group C percutaneous retrograde tracheal intubation after anesthesia.After the intravenous injection of forskolin,cardiac arrest was induced by endotracheal tube clamping.After 5 minutes of untreated arrest,conventional cardiopulmonary resuscitation was initiated.Changes in arterial pressure,occurrence of post-resuscition syndrome and survival time were examined in all groups.Results Groups A,B and C showed 40％,60％ and 80％ success rate in cardiopulmonary resuscitation (P ＜ 0.01) and animal survival time of 23.4 hours (11.6-35.8 hours),62.7 hours (29.4-88.6 hours) and 79.5 hours (40.9-118.2 hours) (P ＜ 0.01).Conclusions Percutaneous retrograde tracheal intubation is suitable to increase cardiopulmonary resuscitation rate and survival rate in rabbits with post-cardiac arrest.The model has good stability and repeatability and can be used for study of post-cardiac arrest syndrome.

Objective:It has been demonstrated that anesthetics exposure may lead to neurocognitive impairment in developing brain of animal models.However,for the limitation that the animal models can-not fully mimic the dose and duration in clinical settings especially for dental general anesthesia,the cli-nical significance of anesthetics exposure on developing central nervous system remains undetermined. Therefore,we conducted the current study in order to observe the fluctuation of intelligence quotient (IQ)after the administration of dental general anesthesia comparing to that before surgery.We conducted the current study in order to observe the fluctuation of intelligence quotient (IQ)after the administration of dental general anesthesia compared with that before surgery.Methods:Thirty two patients,ASA Ⅰ, who were exposed to dental general anesthesia in Department of Pediatric Dentistry Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology,aged 4 to 6.5 years,were enrolled in this prospective study.Patients with severe learning difficulties or communication disorders were excluded.Written and informed consent was obtained from each patients’family which was fully explained of the purpose and method of study. Their intelligence quotients were evaluated with the Chinese Wechsler young children scale of intelligence (Urban version)before and 2 weeks after dental anesthesia.They were treated by experienced pediatric dentists and the sevoflurane,propofol and nitrous oxide were used for general anesthesia by anesthetist. Articaine hydrochloride and epinephrine tartrate injections were used for their pulp treatment or extrac-tion.The examiners and scorers for IQ had technical training in the test administration.All the patients were tested by the same examiner and with standardized guide language.Each subtest was scored accor-ding to the tool review.Verbal IQ and performance IQ consisted of relevant 5 subtests and full scale IQ. Statistical analyses were performed by SPSS 18.0.All the scores of subtests and 3 types of IQ were ex-pressed as x-±s.Paired two-tailed t test was applied and P<0.05 was accepted as statistically signifi-
cant.Results:The results of intelligent assessment from 28 subjects were collected.The anesthetic time was (163.4 ±32.6)min and the number of treated teeth was 12.1 ±2.3,mean age (4.60 ±0.41 ) years;age range=4.04 to 5.44 years.Among the patients,there were 13 girls and 15 boys.There was no significant difference in gender distribution.The postoperative full IQ (128.46 ±10.85 )was higher than that before surgery (124.64 ±11.46,P=0.017).We found that the elevation of performance IQ, to a large extent,contributed to this change in full IQ (P=0.007).Correspondingly,there was no sta-tistical difference in the verbal IQ,which was 119.68 ±11.74 to 120.21 ±15.61 (P=0.854).Con-clusion:Dental general anesthesia has no negative effect on the intelligence of preschool children,who were treated under general anesthesia by sevoflurane,propofol and nitrous oxide for 2 to 4 hours.The full IQ and performance IQ were slightly enhanced after treatment which can be explained by the memory effect.

Teaching competition is an effective way for college and university teachers to improve their teaching skills. Based on the teaching practice and experience in medical parasitology,this paper discusses several key issues in teaching competition including topics,teaching designs and teaching methods. It provides references for the teachers in department of parasitology of universities and colleges to improve the quality of classroom teaching.

Objective To explore the anti-tumor effect of 17XL strains of Plasmodium yoelii(P.y)infection on melanoma in mice. Methods B16F10 tumor cells were axillarilly injected into the right flank of 20 C57BL/6 mice to establish tumor-bearing mouse models. The next day,the mice were randomly divided into a P.y infection group and control group,10 mice each group. Each mouse of the P.y infection group was intraperitoneally injected with 1×106 red blood cells including 20% P.y infection red blood cells,and each one of the control group were intraperitoneally injected with 1×106 normal red blood cells of C57BL/6 mice. The time of tumor formation of the mice in the two groups was observed and the tumor volumes were measured. Results The time of tumor formation in the P.y infection group[(11.30 ± 0.21)d]was significantly later than that in the control group [(10.40 ± 0.22)d](P < 0.05). From the tumors could be accurately measured to the study end point,both the tumors of mice in the two groups were growing,and the tumor volumes of mice in the P.y infection group were significantly less than those in the control group at each time point(all P < 0.05). The growth rate of tumors in the P.y infection group[(71.10 ± 6.29)mm3/d]was significantly slower than that in the control group[(302.80 ± 49.94)mm3/d](P < 0.05),and the growth rates of tumors every day in the P.y infection group were significantly slower than those in the control group(all P < 0.05). Conclusion The P.y in-fection can delay the occurrence of tumor and inhibit the growth of melanoma.

Objective:To systematically evaluate the illness experience of upper limb lymphedema in breast cancer patients.Methods:The studies were searched in CNKI, VIP, WanFang Database, CBM, CINAHL, PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library and Embase. The retrieval period was from the database construction to January 7, 2022. The quality evaluation criteria for qualitative research of the Joanna Briggs Institute Evidence-Based Health Care Center in Australia was used to evaluate the quality of the literature. Meta integration method was used to synthesize the results.Results:A total of 10 articles were included, and 40 results were extracted, which were classified into 8 new categories and integrated into 3 integrated results, namely, the impact of lymphedema on patients and family members, perception and coping of patients with lymphedema and patients craved support from all sides.Conclusions:Medical staff should strive to improve professional service level, help patients improve the attention level of lymphedema and self-management ability. The family and society should provide more care and support to patients so as to improve their quality of life.

Objective:To observe the clinical curative effect of compound glycyrrhizin tablets and tacrolimus ointmenta combined with photon therapy on hormone dependence facial dermatitis and the safety.Methods:80 cases were randomly divided into two groups: treatment group and control group, 40 each; compound glycyrrhizin tablets and tacrolimus ointmenta were administrated to all the cases in both groups while photon therapy was added to cases in treatment group; a comparative study was made to observe the clinical effect 4 weeks after treatment between the two groups.Results:Four weeks after treatment, the effective rate was 86.67% in treatment group and 63.33% in control group, the difference was of statistical significance ( χ2=4.36, P<0.05); the total scores of symptoms and signs decreased obviously in both groups while the difference between the groups was of statistical significance ( t=3.10, P<0.05); topical medication led to drug adverse reaction in 4 cases in treatment group and 3 cases in control group with the manifestation of tolerable aggravated facial erythema and twinge while the adverse reaction disappeared gradually with the drug application keeping on for about 1 week. Conclusions:Compound glycyrrhizin tablets and tacrolimus ointmenta combined with photon therapy is of definite curative effect on hormone dependence facial dermatitis with good safety.

Objective To explore the characteristics and influencing factors of adverse reactions of apheresis plasma do-nation in 27 domestic plasma donation stations,and put forward targeted preventive measures.Methods A total of 6 275 plasma donors with adverse reactions from 2018 to 2020 in 27 plasma donation stations in China were selected as the re-search objects.The types of adverse reactions,ages,time of plasma donation and other related characteristics were counted and retrospectively analyzed.Results From January 2018 to December 2020,the incidence of adverse reactions of aphere-sis plasma donation in 27 plasma collection stations was 1.37‰,including vasovagal reaction/hypovolemia(3 208 cases,0.700‰),sodium citrate allergy/hypocalcemia(1 205 cases,0.263‰),hypoglycemia(1 020 cases,0.223‰),syncope(796 cases,0.174‰),hematoma(8 cases,0.002‰),other reactions(36 cases,0.008‰),all of which were non-se-vere adverse reactions.There were significant differences in the incidence of different types of adverse reactions(P＜0.001).The adverse reactions in 2018,2019 and 2020 were compared,and the difference was statistically significant(P＜0.001),with the highest incidence of 1.51‰(2 143/1 414 162)of adverse reactions in 2019 and the lowest incidence of 1.29‰(1 818/1 410 506)in 2020.The difference in the incidence of adverse reactions in different age groups was statistically sig-nificant(P＜0.001),with the highest incidence of 2.61‰(224/85 733)of 18-25 years old,and the lowest incidence of 1.05‰(465/439 786)of 56-60 years old.The incidence of different types of adverse reactions was compared according to different age groups,and significant differences were noticed in the incidence of vasovagal reaction/hypovolemia(P＜0.001),sodium citrate allergy/hypocalcemia(P＜0.05),hypoglycemia(P＜0.001),and syncope(P＜0.001)among dif-ferent age groups,while no significant difference was found in hematoma and other adverse reactions among different age groups(P＞0.05).Conclusion The incidence of adverse reactions in plasma donation is low in China.In the process of plasma donation,attention should be paid to first-time and young(18-25 years old)donors.The incidence of adverse reac-tions in 56-60 years old donors is the lowest,which can provide data support for the age revision of plasma donors in China.

Objective The objective is to probe into the effects of astragaloside Ⅳ (AS-Ⅳ) on activity and proliferative function of endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs),which lays a foundation for further study on the effects of AS-Ⅳ on vascular neovascularization mediated by endothelial progenitor cells.Methods The mononuclear cells were isolated by the density gradient centrifugation in umbilical cord blood of full-term healthy infants,and EPCs were obtained by subculture and cell identification when the cells presented spindle shapes.The obtained EPCs were randomly divided into the experimental group and the control group.In the experimental group,EPCs were cultured by AS-Ⅳ with different concentration gradients (25 mg/L,50 mg/L,100 mg/L,200 mg/L and 400 mg/L),while in the control group,they were treated with the same amount of phosphate buffer saline (PBS) solutions.The effects of AS-Ⅳ on the proliferation of endothelial progenitor cells was studied by cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) cell proliferation experiment,and the activity rate of EPCs cells was measured at the optimum concentration of EPCs proliferation.Results EPCs were successfully obtained after confirming nuclear staining test of CD31 antibody and 4',6-diamidi-no-2-phenylindole (DAPI).Further study showed that AS-Ⅳ can promote the proliferation of EPCs,and its optimal concentration of EPCs proliferation is 100 mg/L.Compared with the normal control group,the activity rate of endothelial progenitor cells after intervention of AS-Ⅳ was 98.7％,higher than 98.12％ in the control group,with significant difference (x2 =49.59,P ＜0.01).Conclusions AS-Ⅳ can enhance the activity of human EPCs and promote their proliferation in vitro.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the persistent damage of learning and memory ability after the cessation of sub-chronic manganese(Mn)-exposure in rats. METHODS: Specific pathogen free weaning male SD rats were randomly divided into control group and low-, medium-and high-dose groups based on body weight, with 6 rats in each group. Rats were intraperitoneally injected with Mn chloride(MnCl_2·4 H_2O) at the concentrations of 0, 5, 10, or 20 mg/kg body weight, 5 days per week for 6 weeks and continued to be observed for 12 weeks after the cessation of Mn-exposure. During the experiment, the body mass of the rats was weighed. Learning and memory ability was evaluated by a Morris water-maze task at the 6 th weeks of Mn-exposure(cessation of Mn-exposure of week 0), the 6 th and 12 th week of the cessation of Mn-exposure. The organ coefficients of heart, liver, spleen, kidney and testicles were evaluated after the cessation of Mn-exposure on week 12. RESULTS: The body mass of the high-dose group was lower than that of the other 3 groups(P<0.05) at the 4 th and 6 th week of Mn-exposure and the 2 nd week of the cessation of Mn-exposure. There was no significant difference in body mass between the groups(P>0.05) on the 12 th week of the cessation of Mn-exposure. The escape latency of high-dose group was higher than that of the control group(P<0.05), and the number of platform crossings in the low-, medium-and high-dose groups were fewer than that in the control group(P<0.05) after the cessation of Mn-exposure. The escape latency was shorter and the numbers of platform crossings were higher on the 6 th and 12 th week of the cessation of Mn-exposure(P<0.05) when compared with that of the 6 th week of Mn-exposure rats. There was no statistical significance in the organ coefficients of heart, liver, spleen, kidney and testicles among the 4 groups at the 12 th week of the cessation of Mn-exposure in rats(P>0.05).CONCLUSION: Sub-chronic Mn exposure can impair learning and memory ability of rats, and the damage persists after the cessation of Mn-exposure.