Objective:To explore the application of pyrophosphorolysis-activated polymerization(PAP)to monitor plasma cfDNA in ad-vanced non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC).Methods:A total of 85 patients diagnosed with advanced NSCLC between March 2016 and June 2017 were enrolled in the present study. EGFR mutations in cfDNA extracted from the plasma were detected using PAP and ARMS-PCR technology.The concordance analysis of EGFR mutations involved plasma vs.tumor tissue and PAP vs.ARMS-PCR.Further-more,38 EGFR-positive patients were selected to monitor EGFR mutations with PAP.Results:No statistical differences in EGFR muta-tions were observed between plasma and tumor tissue(P=0.092),as well as PAP and ARMS-PCR(P=0.210).The detection rate of EGFR mutations in cfDNA was higher in the progressor than in the non-progressor(62.5% vs.21.3%,P<0.001).Conclusions:PAP can be used for detecting and monitoring EGFR mutations in cfDNA to predict disease progression.

【Objective】 To explore the characteristics and influencing factors of adverse reactions of apheresis plasma donation in 27 domestic plasma donation stations, and put forward targeted preventive measures. 【Methods】 A total of 6 275 plasma donors with adverse reactions from 2018 to 2020 in 27 plasma donation stations in China were selected as the research objects. The types of adverse reactions, ages, time of plasma donation and other related characteristics were counted and retrospectively analyzed. 【Results】 From January 2018 to December 2020, the incidence of adverse reactions of apheresis plasma donation in 27 plasma collection stations was 1.37‰, including vasovagal reaction/hypovolemia (3 208 cases, 0.700‰), sodium citrate allergy/hypocalcemia (1 205 cases, 0.263‰), hypoglycemia (1 020 cases, 0.223‰), syncope (796 cases, 0.174‰), hematoma (8 cases, 0.002‰), other reactions (36 cases, 0.008‰), all of which were non-severe adverse reactions. There were significant differences in the incidence of different types of adverse reactions (P<0.001).The adverse reactions in 2018, 2019 and 2020 were compared, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.001), with the highest incidence of 1.51‰(2 143/1 414 162) of adverse reactions in 2019 and the lowest incidence of 1.29‰(1 818/1 410 506) in 2020. The difference in the incidence of adverse reactions in different age groups was statistically significant (P<0.001), with the highest incidence of 2.61‰(224/85 733) of 18-25 years old, and the lowest incidence of 1.05‰(465/439 786) of 56-60 years old. The incidence of different types of adverse reactions was compared according to different age groups, and significant differences were noticed in the incidence of vasovagal reaction/hypovolemia (P<0.001), sodium citrate allergy/hypocalcemia (P<0.05), hypoglycemia (P<0.001), and syncope (P<0.001) among different age groups, while no significant difference was found in hematoma and other adverse reactions among different age groups (P>0.05). 【Conclusion】 The incidence of adverse reactions in plasma donation is low in China. In the process of plasma donation, attention should be paid to first-time and young (18-25 years old) donors. The incidence of adverse reactions in 56-60 years old donors is the lowest, which can provide data support for the age revision of plasma donors in China.

Objective:To evaluate artificial intelligence constructed by deep convolutional neural network (DCNN) for the site identification in upper gastrointestinal endoscopy.Methods:A total of 21 310 images of esophagogastroduodenoscopy from the Cancer Hospital of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences from January 2019 to June 2021 were collected. A total of 19 191 images of them were used to construct site identification model, and the remaining 2 119 images were used for verification. The performance differences of two models constructed by DCCN in the identification of 30 sites of the upper digestive tract were compared. One model was the traditional ResNetV2 model constructed by Inception-ResNetV2 (ResNetV2), the other was a hybrid neural network RESENet model constructed by Inception-ResNetV2 and Squeeze-Excitation Networks (RESENet). The main indices were the accuracy, the sensitivity, the specificity, positive predictive value (PPV) and negative predictive value (NPV).Results:The accuracy, the sensitivity, the specificity, PPV and NPV of ResNetV2 model in the identification of 30 sites of the upper digestive tract were 94.62%-99.10%, 30.61%-100.00%, 96.07%-99.56%, 42.26%-86.44% and 97.13%-99.75%, respectively. The corresponding values of RESENet model were 98.08%-99.95%, 92.86%-100.00%, 98.51%-100.00%, 74.51%-100.00% and 98.85%-100.00%, respectively. The mean accuracy, mean sensitivity, mean specificity, mean PPV and mean NPV of ResNetV2 model were 97.60%, 75.58%, 98.75%, 63.44% and 98.76%, respectively. The corresponding values of RESENet model were 99.34% ( P<0.001), 99.57% ( P<0.001), 99.66% ( P<0.001), 90.20% ( P<0.001) and 99.66% ( P<0.001). Conclusion:Compared with the traditional ResNetV2 model, the artificial intelligence-assisted site identification model constructed by RESENNet, a hybrid neural network, shows significantly improved performance. This model can be used to monitor the integrity of the esophagogastroduodenoscopic procedures and is expected to become an important assistant for standardizing and improving quality of the procedures, as well as an significant tool for quality control of esophagogastroduodenoscopy.

【Objective】 To investigate the safety of regular plasma donors aged 55 to 60, so as to provide reference for retention and recruitment of elderly plasma donors in China. 【Methods】 Plasma donors from 9 blood products manufacturing enterprises from 2018 to 2020 and the local general population were selected as the research objects. The total protein level, albumin and globulin ratio(ALB/GLB, A/G) and adverse reactions of plasma donation of regular plasma donors and local general population were retrospectively analyzed. 【Results】 The total protein level (g/L) and A/G of plasma donors aged 56 to 60 and the general population were 61.21±5.62 vs 60.04±6.93 and 1.610±0.299 vs 1.635±0.330, respectively, and the differences were statistically significant. The total protein level of regular plasma donors was higher than that of general population, but A/G was slightly lower than that of general population. From 2018 to 2020, there were a total of 23 056 302 plasma donations in 108 plasma stations, and adverse reactions occurred in 20 932 donations, with a total incidence of 0.09%, with no serious adverse reactions. 【Conclusion】 It is safe for regular plasma donors aged 55 to 60 to donate plasma, and the retention of them can alleviate the pressure of plasma supply.