10.3969/j.issn.1000-8179.2013.12.003

Cone-Beam Computed Tomography ; Humans ; Pediatric Dentistry ; Root Canal Preparation ; Subcutaneous Emphysema ; diagnostic imaging

AIM:To establish the assessing method of traditional Chinese medicine chromatogrphic fingerprints by the involution similarity and quantitative involution similarity and its application. METHODS: The fingerprint of Ginkgo biloba L.extract(GBE) was evaluated by the involution similarity and quantitative involution similarity,and the contrast studies were implemented by other appraisal targets,eg.the included angle cosine S_F,the correlation coefficient r and the indexes with quantitative characteristic,such as the apparently quantitative similarity R%、the average mass percent M%,etc.. RESULTS: The involution similarity could reflect the similarity change in each sample from different bathes and be of quantitative function.The quantitative involution similarity and quantitative weighted similarity could perfectly reflect the changes in contents of the consituents of GBE. CONCLUSION: The involution similarity and quantitative involution similarity can qualitatively and quantitatively assess the similarity between sample and the referential fingerprint.They are certainly the novel method of evaluating the traditional Chinese medicine chromatographic fingerprints.

Objective To establish a less-damage method for tracheal intubation so as to improve the quality of post-cardiac arrest syndrome.Methods Thirty rabbits wvere divided into 3 groups of 10 rabbits each according to the random number table:group A receiving direct endotracheal intubation after anesthesia,Group B separation of cervical tissue and retrograde tracheal intubation after anesthesia and Group C percutaneous retrograde tracheal intubation after anesthesia.After the intravenous injection of forskolin,cardiac arrest was induced by endotracheal tube clamping.After 5 minutes of untreated arrest,conventional cardiopulmonary resuscitation was initiated.Changes in arterial pressure,occurrence of post-resuscition syndrome and survival time were examined in all groups.Results Groups A,B and C showed 40％,60％ and 80％ success rate in cardiopulmonary resuscitation (P ＜ 0.01) and animal survival time of 23.4 hours (11.6-35.8 hours),62.7 hours (29.4-88.6 hours) and 79.5 hours (40.9-118.2 hours) (P ＜ 0.01).Conclusions Percutaneous retrograde tracheal intubation is suitable to increase cardiopulmonary resuscitation rate and survival rate in rabbits with post-cardiac arrest.The model has good stability and repeatability and can be used for study of post-cardiac arrest syndrome.

Objective To explore the computed tomography (CT)manifestations of adrenocortical oncocytoma (ACO)for better understanding the disease and improving its diagnosis accuracy.Methods The CT manifestations of 9 cases with adrenocortical onco-cytomas confirmed by surgery were retrospectively reviewed and compared with pathological results.Results Five of cases were lo-cated in left side while 4 cases were in right side.Well defined and round or oval border could be found in all the cases.Of all the ca-ses,3 cases were solid lesions with equal density,< 3 cm in diameter,and mild consistent intensification after enhancement.Cystic lesion was detectd in 6 cases with > 3 cm in diameter.The mixed cystic and solid components with polycystic changes could be found on CT image,and remarkable intensification on solid lesion while no intensification on cystic lesion after the enhancement. Moreover,patchy or cotton-like shape could be found on solid lesion in 4 cases and 1 case with island like intensification;reticular pattern could be found in the central of lesion in 3 cases and 1 case with stellate shape.Pathological observation showed that the on-cotytomas were comprised of cells with abundant eosinophilic cytoplasm and necrotic and fibrous capsule without pathological mitosis could be found in some of lesion.Conclusion The characteristic CT features of adrenocortical oncotytoma has a worse specificity,its diagnosis was dependent on pathologic examination.

OBJECTIVE:To systematically review the effect of ticagrelor versus prasugrel on platelet reactivity,and provide evi-dence-based reference for clinical treatment. METHODS:Retrieved from PubMed,CJFD and Wanfang Database,randomized con-trolled trials(RCT)about the effect of ticagrelor versus prasugrel on platelet reactivity were collected. Meta-analysis was performed by using Rev Man software after data extract and quality evaluation by Cochrane 5.1.0. RESULTS:Totally 17 RCTs were enrolled,involv-ing 2 757 patients. Results of Meta-analysis showed,regardless of Verity Now(VN)detection method [MD=15.43,95%CI(-0.39, 31.25),P=0.06] or vasodilator stimulus phosphoprotein(VASP)detection method [MD=-3.04,95%CI(-8.98,2.90),P=0.32], ticagrelor and prasugrel had the same effects on platelet reactivity under loading dose,the differences were not statistically significant;regardless of VN detection method [MD=-48.94,95%CI(-58.04,-39.84),P<0.001] or VASP detection method [MD=-14.32, 95%CI(-20.45,-8.20),P<0.001],the effects of ticagrelor were better than prasugrel on platelet reactivity under maintenance dose,the differences were statistically significant. CONCLUSIONS:At the loading dose,there was no difference between ticagrelor and prasugrel,but ticagrelor has more benefits than prasugrel under maintenance dose.

Objective:It has been demonstrated that anesthetics exposure may lead to neurocognitive impairment in developing brain of animal models.However,for the limitation that the animal models can-not fully mimic the dose and duration in clinical settings especially for dental general anesthesia,the cli-nical significance of anesthetics exposure on developing central nervous system remains undetermined. Therefore,we conducted the current study in order to observe the fluctuation of intelligence quotient (IQ)after the administration of dental general anesthesia comparing to that before surgery.We conducted the current study in order to observe the fluctuation of intelligence quotient (IQ)after the administration of dental general anesthesia compared with that before surgery.Methods:Thirty two patients,ASA Ⅰ, who were exposed to dental general anesthesia in Department of Pediatric Dentistry Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology,aged 4 to 6.5 years,were enrolled in this prospective study.Patients with severe learning difficulties or communication disorders were excluded.Written and informed consent was obtained from each patients’family which was fully explained of the purpose and method of study. Their intelligence quotients were evaluated with the Chinese Wechsler young children scale of intelligence (Urban version)before and 2 weeks after dental anesthesia.They were treated by experienced pediatric dentists and the sevoflurane,propofol and nitrous oxide were used for general anesthesia by anesthetist. Articaine hydrochloride and epinephrine tartrate injections were used for their pulp treatment or extrac-tion.The examiners and scorers for IQ had technical training in the test administration.All the patients were tested by the same examiner and with standardized guide language.Each subtest was scored accor-ding to the tool review.Verbal IQ and performance IQ consisted of relevant 5 subtests and full scale IQ. Statistical analyses were performed by SPSS 18.0.All the scores of subtests and 3 types of IQ were ex-pressed as x-±s.Paired two-tailed t test was applied and P<0.05 was accepted as statistically signifi-
cant.Results:The results of intelligent assessment from 28 subjects were collected.The anesthetic time was (163.4 ±32.6)min and the number of treated teeth was 12.1 ±2.3,mean age (4.60 ±0.41 ) years;age range=4.04 to 5.44 years.Among the patients,there were 13 girls and 15 boys.There was no significant difference in gender distribution.The postoperative full IQ (128.46 ±10.85 )was higher than that before surgery (124.64 ±11.46,P=0.017).We found that the elevation of performance IQ, to a large extent,contributed to this change in full IQ (P=0.007).Correspondingly,there was no sta-tistical difference in the verbal IQ,which was 119.68 ±11.74 to 120.21 ±15.61 (P=0.854).Con-clusion:Dental general anesthesia has no negative effect on the intelligence of preschool children,who were treated under general anesthesia by sevoflurane,propofol and nitrous oxide for 2 to 4 hours.The full IQ and performance IQ were slightly enhanced after treatment which can be explained by the memory effect.

Objective:To evaluate the reliability of several formulae for estimating the quantity of glucose absorption of peritoneal dialysate (GA).Methods:Forty-four patients receiving continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) were enrolled in this study. The quantities of GA obtained from actual measurement and estimation were compared to judge whether there was statistical difference between them.Results:The GA quantities estimated by Grodstein formula, Bodnar formula, K/DOQI formula, empirical method A (based on 60% absorption rate) and empirical method B (based on 50% absorption rate in daytime and 80% absorption rate in night) were as follows: 81.3 (64.2, 118.0) g, (97.8±19.7) g, (94.1±25.8) g, 87.1 (76.2, 109.0) g and (89.5±16.0) g, respectively; the actually measured GA quantity was [94.2 (77.5, 111.6)] g. Wilcoxon signed rank test of paired samples showed that only the results of Bodnar formula and K/DOQI formula did not present statistical differences from actually measured result.Conclusion:It can be considered to use Bodnar formula and K/DOQI formula to roughly estimate the GA quantity of CAPD patients, but to accurately understand the individual GA value, actual measurement is still required.

Objective:To explore if there is premature senescence of chondrocytes in patients with Kashin-Beck disease (KBD) and osteoarthritis.Methods:Five knee cartilage samples of KBD, osteoarthritis and control groups were collected, respectively, from the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University. DNA was then extracted from cartilage samples and DNA methylation was analyzed by Illumina Infinium HumanMethylation450 BeadChip. At the same time, based on genome-wide methylation data, the online DNA methylation aging clock calculator (https://dnamage.genetics.ucla.edu/home) was used to calculate the DNA methylation age (DNAm age) of samples, and the results were compared with their actual ages.Results:In the comparison between KBD group and control group, 1 212 differentially methylated CpG sites were found, including 497 hypermethylated CpG sites and 715 hypomethylated CpG sites, corresponding to 264 hypermethylated genes and 368 hypomethylated genes, respectively. In the comparison between osteoarthritis group and control group, 656 differentially methylated CpG sites were found, including 343 hypermethylated CpG sites and 313 hypomethylated CpG sites, corresponding to 177 hypermethylated genes and 174 hypomethylated genes, respectively. In the above comparison, 367 overlapped CpG sites (corresponding to 182 genes) were found, which were differentially methylated in both KBD and control groups and osteoarthritis and control groups. The results of DNA methylation aging clock showed that the average age acceleration differences between DNAm age and actual age of KBD, osteoarthritis and control groups were 2.549, 0.017, and - 5.364 years, respectively, the DNAm ages of KBD and osteoarthritis groups were greater than the actual ages.Conclusion:The chondrocytes show premature senescence in both KBD and osteoarthritis.

Objective: To investigate the association between lifestyle risk factors and comorbidity of chronic diseases among male elderly populations in Oroqen Autonomous Banner, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, so as to provide insights into improvements of lifestyles and prevention of comorbidity of chronic diseases among male elderly populations. Methods: Male residents at ages of 65 years and older that participated in community healthy examinations were sampled from 16 villages (communities) in Oroqen Autonomous Banner using a multi-stage cluster random sampling method from July to December, 2020. Participants' demographic data, lifestyle risk factors and disease history were collected using questionnaire surveys, and healthy examinations data were collected through the grassroots healthcare service information system for community health service centers, including waist circumference, blood pressure, fasting blood glucose and blood lipid. The correlation between lifestyle risk factors and comorbidity of chronic diseases were examined among males at ages of 65 years and older using a multivariable ordered logistic regression model. Results: Totally 761 male elderly populations were included, with a mean age of (73.61±6.74) years. There were 216 participants with central obesity (28.38%), 179 with smoking (23.52%), 194 with alcohol consumption (25.49%), 412 with a low frequency of physical activities (54.14%), 347 with one type of lifestyle risk factor (45.60%) and 268 with two and more types of lifestyle risk factors (35.22%), 404 with hypertension, 170 with diabetes and 321 with dyslipidemia. There were 347 participants with one type of chronic disease (45.60%), 199 with two types of chronic diseases (26.15%) and 50 with three types of chronic diseases (6.57%), and the prevalence of comorbidity of chronic diseases was 32.72% among the participants. Multivariable ordered logistic regression analysis showed an increased risk of developing comorbidity of chronic diseases among participants with central obesity (OR=2.442, 95%CI: 1.804-3.307), and a reduced risk of comorbidity of chronic diseases among participants with less than two types of lifestyle risk factors (one type, OR=0.607, 95%CI: 0.451-0.820; none, OR=0.675, 95%CI: 0.460-0.990). Conclusions Central obesity and number of lifestyle risk factors are factors affecting comorbidity of chronic diseases among the male elderly populations at ages of 65 years and older in Oroqen Autonomous Banner.