Spinal cord injury is one of the important field of neuroscience, and neural tract tracing techniques are important research tools. The neural fiber types in the spinal cord are complex, and there are some difference in structures between human beings and animals. This article reviewed different types of neural fibers closely related with spinal cord injury and regeneration, the difference between human beings and animals, and the application of neural tract tracing techniques in the study of spinal cord injury and regeneration.

It is imperative to apply information technology in the area of management of clinical research so as to ensure the quality of clinical trials and to improve management efficiency.In this study,the based analysis method was the quality function deployment (QFD).This methodology is used to analysis the clinical trials management information system on a hospital directly under the Ministry of Health.It ensured user participation,lay a solid foundation for software engineers on system design.

Objective To establish a less-damage method for tracheal intubation so as to improve the quality of post-cardiac arrest syndrome.Methods Thirty rabbits wvere divided into 3 groups of 10 rabbits each according to the random number table:group A receiving direct endotracheal intubation after anesthesia,Group B separation of cervical tissue and retrograde tracheal intubation after anesthesia and Group C percutaneous retrograde tracheal intubation after anesthesia.After the intravenous injection of forskolin,cardiac arrest was induced by endotracheal tube clamping.After 5 minutes of untreated arrest,conventional cardiopulmonary resuscitation was initiated.Changes in arterial pressure,occurrence of post-resuscition syndrome and survival time were examined in all groups.Results Groups A,B and C showed 40％,60％ and 80％ success rate in cardiopulmonary resuscitation (P ＜ 0.01) and animal survival time of 23.4 hours (11.6-35.8 hours),62.7 hours (29.4-88.6 hours) and 79.5 hours (40.9-118.2 hours) (P ＜ 0.01).Conclusions Percutaneous retrograde tracheal intubation is suitable to increase cardiopulmonary resuscitation rate and survival rate in rabbits with post-cardiac arrest.The model has good stability and repeatability and can be used for study of post-cardiac arrest syndrome.

Peer review anti assessment includes the evaluation of expert and index system in two parts.The current status of anti-assessment study mainly focused on expert,much of the index system anti-assessment study reports.As can be seen from the status,the anti-assessment system not yet formed and the application is rare.In urgent need of further research to improve our peer-reviewed scientific research.

Objective To explore the application of projection pursuit model in anti-assessment on peer reviewer of scientific research project,discussing the rational of this application.Methods Establishing the projection pursuit model of anti-assessment on peer reviewer,with the best projection direction as a weight,making an evaluation on the peer reviewer,and sequencing experts by projection value.Results The projection pursuit model is stable and scientific,the importance of index ranking as correlation coefficient＞ dispersion＞ hit rate＞ synthetic dispersion＞ self dispersion ratio.Conclusions The application of projection pursuit model in anti-assessment on peer reviewer of scientific research project,is reasonable and practicable.

Objective:To evaluate the reliability of several formulae for estimating the quantity of glucose absorption of peritoneal dialysate (GA).Methods:Forty-four patients receiving continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) were enrolled in this study. The quantities of GA obtained from actual measurement and estimation were compared to judge whether there was statistical difference between them.Results:The GA quantities estimated by Grodstein formula, Bodnar formula, K/DOQI formula, empirical method A (based on 60% absorption rate) and empirical method B (based on 50% absorption rate in daytime and 80% absorption rate in night) were as follows: 81.3 (64.2, 118.0) g, (97.8±19.7) g, (94.1±25.8) g, 87.1 (76.2, 109.0) g and (89.5±16.0) g, respectively; the actually measured GA quantity was [94.2 (77.5, 111.6)] g. Wilcoxon signed rank test of paired samples showed that only the results of Bodnar formula and K/DOQI formula did not present statistical differences from actually measured result.Conclusion:It can be considered to use Bodnar formula and K/DOQI formula to roughly estimate the GA quantity of CAPD patients, but to accurately understand the individual GA value, actual measurement is still required.

Objective:To explore if there is premature senescence of chondrocytes in patients with Kashin-Beck disease (KBD) and osteoarthritis.Methods:Five knee cartilage samples of KBD, osteoarthritis and control groups were collected, respectively, from the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University. DNA was then extracted from cartilage samples and DNA methylation was analyzed by Illumina Infinium HumanMethylation450 BeadChip. At the same time, based on genome-wide methylation data, the online DNA methylation aging clock calculator (https://dnamage.genetics.ucla.edu/home) was used to calculate the DNA methylation age (DNAm age) of samples, and the results were compared with their actual ages.Results:In the comparison between KBD group and control group, 1 212 differentially methylated CpG sites were found, including 497 hypermethylated CpG sites and 715 hypomethylated CpG sites, corresponding to 264 hypermethylated genes and 368 hypomethylated genes, respectively. In the comparison between osteoarthritis group and control group, 656 differentially methylated CpG sites were found, including 343 hypermethylated CpG sites and 313 hypomethylated CpG sites, corresponding to 177 hypermethylated genes and 174 hypomethylated genes, respectively. In the above comparison, 367 overlapped CpG sites (corresponding to 182 genes) were found, which were differentially methylated in both KBD and control groups and osteoarthritis and control groups. The results of DNA methylation aging clock showed that the average age acceleration differences between DNAm age and actual age of KBD, osteoarthritis and control groups were 2.549, 0.017, and - 5.364 years, respectively, the DNAm ages of KBD and osteoarthritis groups were greater than the actual ages.Conclusion:The chondrocytes show premature senescence in both KBD and osteoarthritis.

Objective To investigate the relationship between the carotid calcification and the prognosis in patients with ischemic stroke. Methods A total of 522 patients with non-cardiac ischemic stroke registered in the Nanjing Stroke Registry Program (NSRP )from December 2009 to October 2012 were enrolled. All patients underwent head and neck CT angiography (CTA). The original data of CT scan were transmitted into the Siemens workstation. Calcium score measurement was performed using the same reconstruction conditions and Agatston calcium score to measure calcification score. The patients were divided into no (0),mild (0

Objective To explore Wang Xingkuan’s rules of syndrome and treatment of chest blocking and heartache (Xiongbixintong).Methods Collection of professor Wang Xingkuan’s 267 consilia of patients with Xiongbixintong for outpatients. Chinese medicine terminology was regulated and Excelldatabase was established. Symptom, syndrome element, pathogenesis and treatment were statistically described by using Weka3.6 software, and Apriori algorithm was adopted for the main pathogenesis→treatment analysis of association rules.Results Symptoms include:chest pain, heart palpitations, shortness of breath, pale tongue (dark) red, etc. Syndrome elements include:in liver, and heart, and blood stasis, phlegm, qi stagnation, etc. The key pathogenesis is liver-heart imbalance, including stagnation of liver qi, heart and blood stasis, deficiency of heart qi-ying, disturbing heart-mind, etc. The principle of treatment is liver-heart Tongzhi, so the treatment is of“liver” with Shu gan-mu;treatment of“heart” contains freeing channels, eliminating phlegm and blood stasis, quiet the heart, replenishing qi-ying, etc. The main pathogenesis related credibility→treatment was higher than 0.50;with high reliability, the liver-heart imbalance→liver-heart Tongzhi was 0.71. Medication includes catharsis and tonic,“catharsis” to salvia, allium macrostemon, pseudo-ginseng, bupleurum, etc;“tonic” to white ginseng, ophiopogon japonicus, radix paeoniae alba, poria with hostwood, polygala tenuifolia, etc. Conclusion “Xintongzhigan, liver-heart Tongzhi, catharsis and tonic” is Wang Xingkuan’s thoughts and experience in treating Xiongbixintong.

Abstract School-based sexuality education plays a vital role in the healthy development of children and adolescents. At present, China has issued a series of laws, regulations and policy documents to support school-based sexuality education, but the development of school-based sexuality education in China still faces challenges such as negative attittude, lack of class hours, professional teachers, teaching materials, as well as effect evaluation and sensitive nature. Experience in school-based education in many countries demonstrated that the research and development of localized comprehensive sexuality education guidance on school-based education is effective in promoting school-based sexuality education. In 2018, with the support of UNESCO and UNFPA, Lab of Comprehensive Sexuality Education for Children of Beijing Normal University, inititated the "Research and Development of Comprehensive Sexuality Education Guidance" project, aiming to develop a local "Comprehensive Sexuality Education Guidance",and to support and promote the school-based sexuality education in China.