Objective:To investigate the correlation between hyperreflective dots (HRD) and lipid levels and systemic inflammatory factors in patients with branch retinal vein occlusion (BRVO) or central retinal vein occlusion (CRVO).Methods:A cross-sectional clinical study. From December 2016 to June 2020, 118 eyes of 118 patients with retinal vein occlusion diagnosed in the Department of Ophthalmology, Central Theater Command Hospital of People's Liberation Army were included in the study. Among them, 67 cases of BRVO and 51 cases of CRVO were divided into CRVO group and BRVO group accordingly. Peripheral venous blood was drawn from the patients within 3 days after the eye examination to detect the percentage of neutrophils, monocytes, hypersensitive C-reactive protein (CRP), total cholesterol, triglyceride, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and lipoprotein(a). The ratio of monocytes to high-density lipoprotein (MHR) was also calculated. The 3D OCT-2000 instrument from Topcon (Japan) was used to measure the central retinal thickness (CRT) and the numbers of HRD. According to the different distribution position, HRD is divided into inner retina HRD, outer retina HRD, and total retina HRD.The independent sample t test was used to compare the continuous variables of the two groups, and the χ2 test was used to compare the rates. The correlation between HRD counts and blood lipid levels and peripheral blood inflammation indicators in patients with different types of RVO was analyzed by Spearman correlation analysis. Results:The average age of patients in the BRVO group and CRVO group were 60.1±9.5 and 53.6±15.7 years, respectively; the prevalence of hypertension was 53.7% (36/67) and 24.5% (12/51), respectively. Comparison of age ( t=2.634) and prevalence of hypertension ( χ2=11.298) between the two groups showed statistically significant differences ( P<0.05). Gender ( χ2=2.000), course of disease ( t=-1.101), prevalence of diabetes ( χ2=1.315), eye category ( χ2=1.742), baseline visual acuity ( t=1.792), intraocular pressure ( t=0.708), CRT ( t=1.318), and peripheral blood include the percentage of neutrophils, the absolute number of monocytes, CRP, total cholesterol, triglycerides, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, lipoprotein(a), MHR ( t=-0.559, 1.126, 0.579, 1.299, -0.134, 0.556, 1.230, -0.267, 0.483), the difference was not statistically significant. Correlation analysis showed that the HRD counts in the outer retina of BRVO patients were positively correlated with total cholesterol ( r=0.289, P=0.036); the HRD in the inner retina and total HRD counts of CRVO patients were positively correlated with CRP ( r=0.406, 0.343; P=0.004, 0.014). There was no correlation between HRD counts and percentage of neutrophils, absolute number of monocytes, triglycerides, high-density lipoprotein, low-density lipoprotein, lipoprotein(a), and MHR ( P>0.05). Conclusion:The number of HRD is related to the blood lipid level in BRVO patients and CRP (an inflammatory index) in CRVO patients.

Objective:To explore the effect of three-dimensional(3D) design and printing in the reoperation of asymmetric deformity after orthognathic surgery.Methods:Patients of facial asymmetry after orthognathic surgery were included in the Department of Stomatology, Shenzhen University General Hospital and Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, Shenzhen Stomatology Hospital Affiliated to Shenzhen University from January 2016 to August 2020. Surgical plans and guide plates (positioning guide plate, bone cutting guide plate, reset guide plate) were made by 3D design and printing. During the operations, guide plates were used to guide osteotomy. The facial shape satisfaction of clinicians/patients/third-party were recorded and analyzed at preoperation and 6-12 months postoperation. These patients’ CT scan data was imported to the digital surgery software. Then the distance of chin-midpoint to mid-sagittal plane and the difference of bilateral protuberant point of mandible body to mid-sagittal plane were measured at preoperation and 6-12 months postoperation to determine whether the asymmetry were corrected and postoperative distance were the same as the preoperative design. Data analysis was conducted using SPSS 17.0 statistical software, and measurement data were expressed as Mean±SD. The preoperative and postoperative satisfaction of patients/clinicians/third-party, digital data of preoperation/postoperation and digital data of design-operations/postoperation were analyzed by paired t-test. Analysis of variance and dunnett- t test were used to compare the satisfaction of the surgeon, the third party and patients before and after operation. Results:There were 16 cases of facial asymmetry after orthognathic surgery, including 3 males and 13 females, aged from 18 to 35 years. In 9 cases, genioplasty were used to correct chin deviation. In the other 4 cases, unilateral buccal cortical bone resection were used to correct mandibular body deviation. In the last 3 cases, genioplasty and unilateral buccal cortical bone resection were both applied. All 16 patients successfully received the operation according to the preoperative digital designed plate. Postoperative follow-up ranged 6 months to 1 year. In the 12 cases of genioplasty, the distance of chin-midpoint to mid-sagittal plane reduced from(4.99±0.83) mm preoperatively to (1.63±0.80) mm postoperatively and the difference significant ( t=9.09, P<0.001). There was no significant difference between the distance of preoperative design [(1.50±0.43) mm] and the postoperative one ( t=-0.83, P=0.423). In the 7 cases of unilateral buccal cortical bone resection, the difference of bilateral protuberant point of mandible body to mid-sagitta plane reduced from (7.26±1.20) mm preoperatively to (2.44±0.56) mm postoperatively and the difference was statistically significant ( t=10.26, P<0.001). There was no significant difference was observed between the distance of preoperative design [(2.39±0.16) mm] and the postoperative one ( t=-0.29, P=0.779). The preoperative satisfaction of patients, clinicians and third-party were 65.94±8.21, 79.69±5.91, 79.38±7.50. The postoperative satisfaction of patients, clinicians and third-party were 90.00±5.48, 90.63±2.50, 90.00±4.08. The postoperative satisfaction of patients, chief surgeon and third party was higher than that preoperative satisfaction and the difference was statistically significant( t=-9.15, P<0.001; t=-7.50, P<0.001; t=-6.04, P<0.001). The difference of preoperation satisfaction was statistically significant( F=18.66, P<0.001). The difference of satisfaction of the clinicians and the patients was statistically significant ( P<0.001). The difference of satisfaction of the third-party and the patients was statistically significant ( P<0.001). The difference of postoperation satisfaction was not statistically significant( F=0.12, P=0.889). Conclusions:3D design and printing can 3D analyze comprehensively, simulate surgery accurately, visualize proposed result and guide 3D printing digital guiding plate to perform surgery accurately. In addition, it can improve postoperative satisfaction. So 3D design and printing had obvious advantages in the secondary surgery of asymmetric deformity correction after orthognathic surgery.

Objective:To construct a predictive model to assess the risk of severe respiratory syncytial virus infection among children under five years in China, conduct preliminary validation of this model by using external data, and develop an individual risk assessment tool available for their parents.Methods:The admission after RSV infection was used as a marker of severe infection. Based on the evidence of RSV hospitalization-related risk factors and real-world data, such as the prevalence of various risk factors in children under five years old in China, a Monte Carlo-based individual RSV hospitalization risk prediction model for children under five years old was constructed. Taking Suzhou City as an example, the model was externally validated, and an interactive risk prediction tool (RSV HeaRT) was developed on the WeChat mini-program platform.Results:The estimation model showed that in children under five years old in China if the population did not have any risk factors for severe RSV infection, the RSV annual hospitalization rate was 2.2/1 000 (95% CI: 0.9/1 000-7.5/1 000). Based on this baseline hospitalization rate and the prevalence of related risk factors in Suzhou, the model predicted an RSV hospitalization rate of 8.0/1 000 (95% CI: 4.6/1 000-24.4/1 000) for children under five years old annually in Suzhou, which was close to the reported RSV hospitalization rate in literature (10/1 000-20/1 000). In the developed RSV HeaRT WeChat mini-program, target users (such as parents of children) could input basic information, disease history, and social environmental factors of the child into the mini-program, and the tool could provide real-time feedback on the following predicted results: First, the relative risk of hospitalization due to RSV infection in current children compared to general children; Second, the probability of hospitalization due to RSV infection within the next year; Third, the relative risk of adverse outcomes during hospitalization in the event of RSV infection. Conclusion:This study is based on real-world evidence related to RSV hospitalization risk and constructs an RSV hospitalization risk prediction model suitable for Chinese children based on the combination of the current prevalence of risk factors in children under five years old in China. The accuracy of the prediction model results has been preliminarily demonstrated. Based on this design, the RSV HeaRT developed can facilitate parents to evaluate the hospitalization risk of children.

Objective:To construct a predictive model to assess the risk of severe respiratory syncytial virus infection among children under five years in China, conduct preliminary validation of this model by using external data, and develop an individual risk assessment tool available for their parents.Methods:The admission after RSV infection was used as a marker of severe infection. Based on the evidence of RSV hospitalization-related risk factors and real-world data, such as the prevalence of various risk factors in children under five years old in China, a Monte Carlo-based individual RSV hospitalization risk prediction model for children under five years old was constructed. Taking Suzhou City as an example, the model was externally validated, and an interactive risk prediction tool (RSV HeaRT) was developed on the WeChat mini-program platform.Results:The estimation model showed that in children under five years old in China if the population did not have any risk factors for severe RSV infection, the RSV annual hospitalization rate was 2.2/1 000 (95% CI: 0.9/1 000-7.5/1 000). Based on this baseline hospitalization rate and the prevalence of related risk factors in Suzhou, the model predicted an RSV hospitalization rate of 8.0/1 000 (95% CI: 4.6/1 000-24.4/1 000) for children under five years old annually in Suzhou, which was close to the reported RSV hospitalization rate in literature (10/1 000-20/1 000). In the developed RSV HeaRT WeChat mini-program, target users (such as parents of children) could input basic information, disease history, and social environmental factors of the child into the mini-program, and the tool could provide real-time feedback on the following predicted results: First, the relative risk of hospitalization due to RSV infection in current children compared to general children; Second, the probability of hospitalization due to RSV infection within the next year; Third, the relative risk of adverse outcomes during hospitalization in the event of RSV infection. Conclusion:This study is based on real-world evidence related to RSV hospitalization risk and constructs an RSV hospitalization risk prediction model suitable for Chinese children based on the combination of the current prevalence of risk factors in children under five years old in China. The accuracy of the prediction model results has been preliminarily demonstrated. Based on this design, the RSV HeaRT developed can facilitate parents to evaluate the hospitalization risk of children.

Objective:To explore the effect of three-dimensional(3D) design and printing in the reoperation of asymmetric deformity after orthognathic surgery.Methods:Patients of facial asymmetry after orthognathic surgery were included in the Department of Stomatology, Shenzhen University General Hospital and Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, Shenzhen Stomatology Hospital Affiliated to Shenzhen University from January 2016 to August 2020. Surgical plans and guide plates (positioning guide plate, bone cutting guide plate, reset guide plate) were made by 3D design and printing. During the operations, guide plates were used to guide osteotomy. The facial shape satisfaction of clinicians/patients/third-party were recorded and analyzed at preoperation and 6-12 months postoperation. These patients’ CT scan data was imported to the digital surgery software. Then the distance of chin-midpoint to mid-sagittal plane and the difference of bilateral protuberant point of mandible body to mid-sagittal plane were measured at preoperation and 6-12 months postoperation to determine whether the asymmetry were corrected and postoperative distance were the same as the preoperative design. Data analysis was conducted using SPSS 17.0 statistical software, and measurement data were expressed as Mean±SD. The preoperative and postoperative satisfaction of patients/clinicians/third-party, digital data of preoperation/postoperation and digital data of design-operations/postoperation were analyzed by paired t-test. Analysis of variance and dunnett- t test were used to compare the satisfaction of the surgeon, the third party and patients before and after operation. Results:There were 16 cases of facial asymmetry after orthognathic surgery, including 3 males and 13 females, aged from 18 to 35 years. In 9 cases, genioplasty were used to correct chin deviation. In the other 4 cases, unilateral buccal cortical bone resection were used to correct mandibular body deviation. In the last 3 cases, genioplasty and unilateral buccal cortical bone resection were both applied. All 16 patients successfully received the operation according to the preoperative digital designed plate. Postoperative follow-up ranged 6 months to 1 year. In the 12 cases of genioplasty, the distance of chin-midpoint to mid-sagittal plane reduced from(4.99±0.83) mm preoperatively to (1.63±0.80) mm postoperatively and the difference significant ( t=9.09, P<0.001). There was no significant difference between the distance of preoperative design [(1.50±0.43) mm] and the postoperative one ( t=-0.83, P=0.423). In the 7 cases of unilateral buccal cortical bone resection, the difference of bilateral protuberant point of mandible body to mid-sagitta plane reduced from (7.26±1.20) mm preoperatively to (2.44±0.56) mm postoperatively and the difference was statistically significant ( t=10.26, P<0.001). There was no significant difference was observed between the distance of preoperative design [(2.39±0.16) mm] and the postoperative one ( t=-0.29, P=0.779). The preoperative satisfaction of patients, clinicians and third-party were 65.94±8.21, 79.69±5.91, 79.38±7.50. The postoperative satisfaction of patients, clinicians and third-party were 90.00±5.48, 90.63±2.50, 90.00±4.08. The postoperative satisfaction of patients, chief surgeon and third party was higher than that preoperative satisfaction and the difference was statistically significant( t=-9.15, P<0.001; t=-7.50, P<0.001; t=-6.04, P<0.001). The difference of preoperation satisfaction was statistically significant( F=18.66, P<0.001). The difference of satisfaction of the clinicians and the patients was statistically significant ( P<0.001). The difference of satisfaction of the third-party and the patients was statistically significant ( P<0.001). The difference of postoperation satisfaction was not statistically significant( F=0.12, P=0.889). Conclusions:3D design and printing can 3D analyze comprehensively, simulate surgery accurately, visualize proposed result and guide 3D printing digital guiding plate to perform surgery accurately. In addition, it can improve postoperative satisfaction. So 3D design and printing had obvious advantages in the secondary surgery of asymmetric deformity correction after orthognathic surgery.

Objective To observe the efficacy of 577 nm subthreshold micropulse laser photocoagulation(SMLP)on central serous chorioretinopathy(CSC)and explore the baseline characteristics and prognostic features of multimodal ima-ging-based CSC.Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on 44 patients(46 eyes)with CSC diagnosed at the Ophthalmology Department of the General Hospital of Central Theater Command,PLA from June 2017 to May 2022.The pa-tients were classified into the simple CSC group(23 eyes)and the complex CSC group(23 eyes)based on the multimodal imaging classification.All patients underwent 577 nm SMLP treatment.The best corrected visual acuity(BCVA)and cen-tral macular thickness(CMT)of patients between the two groups were compared before treatment and at 1,3 and 6 months after treatment.The intra-group and inter-group changes and the complete absorption rate of subretinal fluid(SRF)in CSC eyes of patients between the two groups were assessed before treatment and at 6 months after follow-up.Results The BCVA of patients in the simple CSC group significantly improved at 6 months after treatment compared with the base-line(P=0.010);the BCVA of patients in the complex CSC group significantly improved at 3 and 6 months after treatment compared with the baseline(both P＜0.01).The CMT of patients in the simple CSC group was significantly lower than the baseline at 1,3,and 6 months after treatment(all P＜0.05);the CMT of patients in the complex CSC group was signifi-cantly lower than the baseline at 1 and 6 months after treatment(both P＜0.05);the change in CMT from baseline after 6 months of treatment for simple CSC was(-163.74±88.10)μm,the change in CMT from baseline after 6 months of treat-ment for complex CSC was(-71.96±164.30)μm,and the difference between the two groups was statistically significant(P=0.023).During the follow-up period,the number of eyes with persistent SRF in the simple CSC group was significant-ly lower than that in the complex CSC group(P＜0.05).The complete absorption rate of SRF at 6 months after treatment in the simple CSC group was greater than that in the complex CSC group(P＜0.05).Conclusion The prognosis of sim-ple CSC treated with 577 nm SMLP is better than that of complex CSC,and the new multimodal imaging classification has a certain value in predicting the prognosis of CSC after SMLP.

OBJECTIVES: Firefighters are prone to suffer from psychological trauma and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in the workplace, and have a poor prognosis after PTSD. Reliable models for predicting PTSD allow for effective identification and intervention for patients with early PTSD. By collecting the psychological traits, psychological states and work situations of firefighters, this study aims to develop a machine learning algorithm with the aim of effectively and accurately identifying the onset of PTSD in firefighters, as well as detecting some important predictors of PTSD onset. METHODS: This study conducted a cross-sectional survey through convenient sampling of firefighters from 20 fire brigades in Changsha, which were evenly distributed across 6 districts and Changsha County, with a total of 628 firefighters. We used the synthetic minority oversampling technique (SMOTE) to process data sets and used grid search to finish the parameter tuning. The predictive capability of several commonly used machine learning models was compared by 5-fold cross-validation and using the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC-AUC), accuracy, precision, recall, and F1 score. RESULTS: The random forest model achieved good performance in predicting PTSD with an average AUC score at 0.790. The mean accuracy of the model was 90.1%, with an F1 score of 0.945. The three most important predictors were perseverance, forced thinking, and reflective deep thinking, with weights of 0.165, 0.158, and 0.152, respectively. The next most important predictors were employment time, psychological power, and optimism. CONCLUSIONS PTSD onset prediction model for Changsha firefighters constructed by random forest has strong predictive ability, and both psychological characteristics and work situation can be used as predictors of PTSD onset risk for firefighters. In the next step of the study, validation using other large datasets is needed to ensure that the predictive models can be used in clinical setting.
Humans ; Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic/diagnosis* ; Firefighters/psychology* ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Algorithms ; Machine Learning