Micro positron emission computed tomography (PET) is a sort of tomography technique specifically for small animal stud-ies. It can be used to observe radionuclide labeling molecules in vivo, especially for neuronal activities noninvasively, dynamically and quan-titatively at the molecular level. MicroPET can be used for early detection of atherosclerotic plaques, measurement of cerebral blood flow, judgment of the survival status in cerebral ischemia area in animal model. It is important for the control of risk factors, disease diagnosis, dis-ease staging and evaluation of curative effect.

By analyzing the status quo of moral construction of current Chinese medical students,the authors make an in-depth analysis and accurate grasp of human nature,establish a scientific concept of morality education,and clarify the objective which aims to develop students into real "socialized individuals" with mental health,personal integrity and all-round development.Four moral methods including vertical process,horizontal extension,virtual network and class building are created to promote the ideological and moral construction for medical students.

As a kind of common autoimmune diseases,rheumatoid arthritis (RA) affected the health of human beings seriously.In the past,serological diagnosis of RA solely relied on the detection of rheumatoid factor (RF),but its specificity was not satisfactory.Lately,people found that anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide (CCP) antibody was a serological indicator of RA.Now,there have been a series of kits for the detection of anti-CCP antibodies to diagnose RA.The sensitivity and specificity of anti-CCP antibody detection are better than those of RF detection.This paper reviews the significance and value of anti-CCP antibody detection used for clinical diagnosis in the recent years,while systematically compares the sensitivities and specificities between several common commercial kits and methods of anti-CCP antibodies detection.

Using method of orthogonal design we observed that low K+,high Ca2+ & low Mg2+ in perfusate produced the peak incidence of reperf-usion-indaced ventricular fibrillation & introduction of K+ & Ca2+ significantly affected the incidence & pnset of it, The appropriate prop-ortion of K+, ea2+ & Mg2+ in perfusate is the important effecting factor of reperfusion-induced arrhythmias in Langendorff heart of rats.

Cell culture technology is the most commonly used method in the in vitro experiments at present. However, monolayer cell culture technology has been unable to meet the demand of the researchers. This is because that monolayer cell culture cannot mimic the cellular environment in which multiple cells interact with each other in the body. We cannot discuss the relationship of many cells, because we do not know the relationship between cells through a single kind of cell. So cell co-culture medicine arises at the historic moment for the demand. With the development of research method in recent years, cell co-culture method also has been improved in practice: from direct contact co-cultures to indirect contact co-cultures, from two-dimensional co-cultures to three-dimensional co-cultures. Cell co-culture method is closer to the human body. It is also more advantageous to study the interaction among cells. Nowadays, there are more researchers tend to select this method to study the physiological and pathological in vitro model, tissue engineering, and cell differentiation research. At the same time, it has become the focus of drug research and development, drug analysis, mechanism of drug action, and drug targets. This article will review the studies of cell co-culture method, summarize advantages and disadvantages of various methods, so as to promote improvement of cell culture methods, to build cells co-culture system that more close to human body, and build the in vitro model that simulate internal circulation of human body further.

On the basis of superimposed stenosis, a model of femoral occlusive thrombus was produced in 12 dogs. Among them, urokinase+saline were given in 6 dogs (group A), aptamer was given ten minutes before urokinase in another 6(group B). The aim of the study was to explore the effect of a new direct sited thrombin inhibitor thrombin aptamer on thrombolysis . The results showed that the interval between thrombosis and reflow was significantly different between this two groups ( P

Objective To examine the effects of exogenous pulmonary surfactant (PS)on lung function in rats with meconium aspiration.Methods Twenty Wistar rats of both sexes were anesthetized with intraperitoneal pentobarbital 30 mg?kg-1 , tracheotomized and mechanically ventilated (PIP= 16 cm H2O,RR =40 bpm,I:E= 1 : 1, FiO2 = 1.0) . 3-4 ml? kg -1 of saline suspension of human meconium ( 200 mg ? ml-1 ) was introduced into trachea. Respiratory failure was induced when PaCO2

Objective The reconstituted pulmonary surfactant (SP) is composed of synthetic lipid(SL) and surfactant- associated protein C (SP-C) . The purpose of this study was to determine the surface tension reducing activity of the reconstituted surfactant containing different concentrations of SP-C.Methods Pulmonary surfactant (SP) was isolated from alveolar lavage fluid of fresh porcine lungs by centrifugation, extraction and precipitateon. SP-C was extracted from PS and SL was prepared by mixing dipalmitoyl-phosphatidyl choline (DPPC), dioleoyl-phosphatidyl choline (DOPC) and palmitoyl-oleoyl-phosphatidyl glycerol (POPG) in the weight ratio of 60: 20: 20. Three synthetically reconstituted surfactants RS-1, RS-2, RS-3, were prepared by adding different concentrations of SP-C to SL. The end concentration of SP-C was 1% , 2% and 3% respectively. Five test liquids (PS, SL. RS-1, RS-2, RS-3) were prepared by suspending the materials mentioned above in nonnal saline. The dynamic surface tension of the five test liquids were measured by a pulsating bubble technique. Thirty-six PS-deficient premature rabbits were studied. The premature rabbits were delivered by cesarean section on the 26 th day of pregnancy. The animals were tracheostomized and mechanically ventilated. 0.1 ml of test liquid PS (group Ⅱ) , SL(group Ⅲ) or RS-3(group Ⅳ) was instilled into the lungs via the tracheostomy cannula. In control group (group Ⅰ) no test liquid was instill. The animals were placed in a body plethysmograph and mechanically ventilated (the maximum inspiratory pressure = 25 cm H2 O, RR = 40 bpm, I: E = 1:1, FiO2 = 100 % made of ventilation IPPV) . Tidal volume was measured at 5, 10, 15 and 20 min after onset of IPPV. Results The minimum surface tension (?min) of PS was 0.9?0.3 mN?m-1 , and of SL was 22.6 ?1.3 mN?m-1 . The ? min of RS-3 was 0.7?0.1 mN ?m-1. The mean tidal volume after 20 min of mechanical ventilation in group Ⅱ(PS) and groupⅢ(RS-3 ) was 25 ?7 ml?kg-1 and 25 ? 4 ml?kg-1 respectively, significantly larger than that in control group (Ⅰ ) and group Ⅲ (SL) . Conclusion The surface tension-reducing activity of SL alone is low. Adding SP-C to SL greatly enhances the surface tension-reducing activity of reconstituted surfactant (RS).

Objective To evaluate miniature probe endoscopic ultrasonography (mEUS) in diagnosis of submucosal tumor (SMT) of upper digestive tract.Methods We observed 91 patients with SMT,and mEUS was performed to assess the lesions arised from the specific layer of the wall.Results Among all cases,leiomyoma was the most common,57 cases,found in esophagus more than in stomach;14 of cysts,9 of vascular lesions,5 of lipoma,and 2 cases of malignant stromal tumors.Malignant lesions and part of benign lesions were confirmed by histological examination.Conclusion mEUS is a simple,safe and effective method for SMT,and it can be clue to the location and nature of SMT.

Objective To.investigate the accuracy and reliability of monocyte count of three methods.Methods The specimens classified by blood cell analyzer WBC monocytes ＜ 15％,15％-20％,＞ 20％ were taken randomly,draw 20 μ l after mixing,put in monocyte direct count dilution and count,and underwent routine smear,stained by Swiss-Gibbs and manual classified by microscope,and then compared the results of the three methods.Collected one copy each of the high,medium and low proportion of monocytes specimens,and counted 30 times by the three counting method.Results Blood cell analyzer in WBC monocytes 15％-20％,＞ 20％ had poor correlation with the results of the other two methods.Repeatability comparison of three methods,medium and low sample were better with method 1 and 2,high value sample was good with method 3.Conclusion The specimens of monocytes ≥ 15％,especially scatter plot is abnormal,must be confirmed by microscopic examination.