05). Conclusion The maternal serum level of ADAM 12 in the first-trimester is a potential marker for aneupolyhaploid screening and early fetal loss prediction, and is suggested to be tested at 9-12 gestational weeks as part of prenatal screening.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effect of two surgical methods on treatment of allergic rhiniti complicated with nasal septum deviation. METHOD: Eighty-seven cases of allergic rhiniti complicated with nasal septum deviation were divided into 2 groups according to the degree of mucosal hypertrophy and hyperplasia of bone in inferior turbinate. They were treated by resection of nasal septum deviation combined with temperature-controlled radio-frequency, or combined with partial submucoperiosteous resection of inferior turbinate bone. The Lanzhou standard (2004) and nasal airway resistance were used to evaluate the efficacy. RESULT: After one year follow-up time, the nasal resistance was significantly decreased and the effective rates were greater than 88% in each group. CONCLUSION Both of the two surgical methods can significantly depress the nasal resistance and improve the allergic symptoms, which shows good effect.
Adolescent ; Adult ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Nasal Septum ; abnormalities ; surgery ; Rhinitis, Allergic, Perennial ; complications ; surgery ; Treatment Outcome ; Young Adult

Metformin is a first-line drug for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Recently, some clinical studies have been published reporting a reduced incidence of various neoplastic disease (eg. breast cancer, endometrial cancer and gastrointestinal cancer) in diabetic or nondiabetic patients treated with metformin. Metformin inhibits the mammalian target of rapamycin by activating liver kinase B1 (LKB1)/adenosine 5'-monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) or decreases blood insulin levels, resulting in inhibition of cancer cell growth. There are also many other mechanisms involved in anti-tumor effect of metformin. Although metformin has significant effect on cancers, the prospects for it as an alternative treatment modality and mechanism in various kinds of tumors need further research.

Objective To calculate the incidence of chromosomal abnormalities at second trimester in women who were 35 or older at their expected date of birth.Methods The amniocentesis and karyotyping results in Peking Union Medical College Hospital from January 1st,2001 to June 30th,2011 were retrospectively analyzed.The only indication for amniocentesis in these group of woman was advanced maternal age.A total of 6584 cases Were included in this study and were divided into two groups according to maternal age,ie.35-39 and ≥40 year old group.The incidences of fetal 47,+ 21,47,+ 18 and sex aneuploidies were calculated and compared between two groups by Chi-square test.Results Altogether,121 cases were diagnosed to be abnormal chromosome,and the overall incidence was 18.38‰ (121/6584).The abnormal karyotypes included 111 cases of aneuploidies (mosaicism included) and 10 cases of structural abnormalities.The aneuploidies included 59 cases of 47,+21 (8.96‰,59/6584),25 cases of 47,+18 (3.80‰,25/6584),2 cases of 47,+13 (0.30‰,2/6584) and 25 cases of sex aneuploidies (3.80‰,25/6584).Fetal 47,+21 was the most frequent chromosomal abnormality,accounting for 53.15％ (59/111) of all aneuploidies.The incidence of fetal 47,+21 was significantly higher in ≥40 year-old group than that of 35-39 year old group[13.99‰(16/1144) vs 7.90‰(43/5440),x2=3.937,P=0.047].There were no statistical differences of the incidences of fetal 47,+ 18 and sex aneuploidies between the two groups.Conclusions The main fetal chromosomal abnormalities in women aged 35 and older are the aneuploidies of chromosome 21,18,13 and sex chromosomes.The incidence of fetal 47,+21 is significantly increased in the women aged 40 years and older.So prenatal screening should be provided first to women at 35-39 years of age and amniocentesis should be the first choice of prenatal diagnosis for women over 40 years old.

Aim To investigate the role of SIRT3 in the molecular mechanism of melatonin protecting do-paminergic neurons in Parkinson' s disease ( PD). Methods Forty-eight mice were randomly divided into control group, model group and treatment group. The mice in treatment group received intraperitoneal injection of melatonin (10 mg • kg"1) and MPTP (30 mg • kg ~1). The mice in model group only received intraperitoneal injection of MPTP (30 mg • kg~1 ) , and the mice in control group received the same a-mount of normal saline. Melatonin was administered continuously for 14 days. The expressions of TH and lba-1 in substantia nigra were analyzed by immunohis-tochemistry. The levels of oxidative stress ( ROS, MDA, SOD) and inflammatory factors (TNF-a, IL-lp) in the midbrain were measured by ELISA. SIRT3 mRNA level was analyzed by qRT-PCR, and protein expression level was detected by immunocytochemistry assay and Western blot. Results Compared to control group, the TH expression decreased and Iba-1 expression increased in the substantia nigra, the oxidative stress and inflammatory injury in the midbrain were significantly enhanced, the SIRT3 mRNA and protein levels in the substantia nigra obviously declined, the SOD2 protein expression was also dramatically reduced, and the iNOS protein expression was elevated in model group; the differences between the groups were all statistically significant ( P < 0. 05 ). After treatment with melatonin, the TH expression increased, Iba-1 expression decreased, oxidative stress and inflammatory injury markedly decreased, SIRT3 mRNA and protein levels were elevated, SOD2 protein expression was up-regulated, and iNOS protein expression was down-regulated in treatment group. Compared to model group, the differences were all statistically significant ( P < 0.05). Conclusions Melatonin can counteract the damage of dopaminergic neurons by up-regulating the expression of SIRT3 in PD animal model. Its mechanisms of action are related to inhibiting microglia activation, and alleviating oxidative stress and inflammation injury.

OBJECTIVE: To study the neuroprotective effects of gallic acid in animal models of Parkinson's disease (PD) and its related molecular mechanisms. METHODS: Thirty-six mice were randomly divided into control group, 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1, 2, 3, 6-tetrahydropyridine(MPTP) group and gallic acid group. Mice in MPTP group and gallic acid group were given an intraperitoneal injection of 30 mg•kg-1 MPTP daily for 7 d. The mice in control group were given the same amount of normal saline at the same time. The mice in gallic acid group received oral administration of 200 mg•kg-1 gallic acid daily from the first day, gallic acid was administered continuously for 14 d, and mice in MPTP group and control group received the same amount of normal saline. After 7 d of drug administration, the behavioral function was evaluated by rod climbing test and suspension test. The expression of tyrosine hydroxylase(TH) in the substantia nigra and striatum were detected by immunohistochemistry. The number of apoptotic neurons in the substantia nigra were measured by TUNEL assay. SIRT3 mRNA levels were analyzed by qRT-PCR, and protein expression levels were detected by Western blot. RESULTS: Compared with the control group, the ability of motor coordination weakened, the TH expression levels decreased in the substantia nigra and striatum, the number of apoptotic neurons in the substantia nigra significantly increased, the SIRT3 mRNA and protein levels in the substantia nigra obviously declined, and the SOD2 protein expression also dramatically reduced in the MPTP group, the differences between the groups were all statistically significant (P<0.05). After treatment with gallic acid, the ability of motor coordination enhanced, the TH expression level elevated, the number of apoptotic neurons markedly reduced, SIRT3 mRNA and protein levels increased, and SOD2 protein expression also up-regulated in the gallic acid group. Compared with the MPTP group, the differences were all statistically significant (P<0.05). CONCLUSION: Gallic acid can improve the behavioral dysfunction and inhibit dopaminergic neurons damage in PD mice. The mechanism of action may be related to the up-regulation of SIRT3 gene expression.

Objective To explore the effects of surface modification of PLGA-[ASP-PEG] scaffold with typeⅠcollagen on the adhesion,proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of rabbit bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs).Methods After PLGA-[ASP-PEG] materials were modified with typeⅠcollagen chemically,the collagen was coated onto the materials physically.The BMSCs obtained from rabbits were cultured on the modified PLGA-[ ASP-PEG] and on the unmodified PLGA-[ ASP-PEG] as control.The adhesion and proliferation behavior of the cells was analyzed and the expressions of osteogenie marker alkaline phosphatase,osteocalcin,osteopontin,typeⅠcollagen and core binding factor al were also detected.Results X-ray photoelectron spectrometry(XPS) confirmed that TypeⅠcollagen was grafted onto the surface of PLGA-[ASP-PEG] successfully and the collagen content on the materials modified chemically and physically was significantly increased.The abilities of adhesion and proliferation and the expressions of osteogenie makers of the BMSCs were significantly greater than those in the control group(P＜0.05).Conclusion Since Type collagen I can improve the biocompatibility of PLGA- [ASP-PEG] scaffold materials,it can be used as a new way to optimize scaffolds in tissue engineering.

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the main allergens in children with allergic rhinitis and provide scientific basis for prevention and treatment in Zhengzhou district. METHOD: Twenty standardization allergens were used to perform skin prick test in 412 children with AR, and the results were statistically analyzed. RESULT: Three hundred and twenty-nine of 412 cases (79.85%) showed positive reaction. The positive rate of dermatophagoides farina (87.54%) was the highest in inhaled allergens, followed by dermatophagoides pteronyssinus (86.32%), cat hair (62.31%), fungus I (47.72%) and dog hair (43.16%). The positive rate of shrimp (13.68%) was the highest in ingestive allergens, then egg (5.17%), carp (4.56%), meat I (3. 04%) and milk (3.04%). CONCLUSION Dust mites, cat hair, fungus,dog hair were the most common allergens in children in Zhengzhou district. Improving living environment of children with AR and avoiding contacting with allergens were pretty important.
Allergens ; analysis ; Animals ; Cats ; Child ; China ; Dermatophagoides farinae ; Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus ; Dogs ; Fungi ; Humans ; Rhinitis, Allergic ; epidemiology ; Skin Tests

Objective To understand the prevalence of hypertension and diabetes and its associated factors among rural resi-dents in Chongqing ,in order to provide the evidence for conducting non-communicable disease prevention and control in rural area . Methods Rural residents aged above 18 years old were sampled by multi-stage stratified random sampling .The resident sampled was interviewed with the structured questionnaire by face-to-face and examined body weight ,height ,blood pressure ,waist circum-ference .The blood sample was taken to test fasting glucose ,2 h glucose .The associated factors of hypertension and diabetes were i-dentified by Chi-square test and the independent factors of hypertension and diabetes were identified by Logistic regression .Results A total of 2 406 rural residents were interviewed .The amount of salt in taking and oil in taking per person per day self-reported was 6 .7 g and 44 .4 g .The proportion of smoking among rural residents was 21 .0% .The proportion of alcohol use in the past 12 months was 22 .4% .32 .6% of interviewees participated in the regular physical activity .The proportion of overweight and obesity a-mong rural residents was 25 .4% and 6 .2% .The prevalence of hypertension and diabetes was 22 .0% and 9 .4% .The independent factor of hypertension was age(OR = 1 .83 ,95% CI :1 .68 - 1 .98) ,education level(OR = 0 .67 ,95% CI :0 .55 - 0 .82) ,body index(OR= 1 .68 ,95% CI :1 .44 - 1 .96) ,blood glucose(OR = 0 .60 ,95% CI :0 .51 - 0 .70) .The independent factor of diabetes was age(OR =1 .33 ,95% CI :1 .20 - 1 .48) ,gender(OR = 1 .48 ,95% CI :1 .11 - 1 .98) ,education level(OR = 0 .77 ,95% CI :0 .60 - 0 .98) ,body in-dex(OR = 1 .40 ,95% CI :1 .16 - 1 .70) and blood pressure(OR = 0 .77 ,95% CI :0 .64 - 0 .93) .Conclusion The prevalence of hyper-tension and diabetes was high .The risk factors such as unhealthy diet ,physical inactivity ,smoking ,harmful alcohol use ,overweight and obesity is common among rural residents .It should be attached an importance on non-communicable disease prevention and con-trol in rural area .

To explore the effects of Yixin Jiedu Formula (YXJDF), a compound Chinese herbal medicine, on hemodynamic and B-type natriuretic (BNP) in a rat model of heart failure with qi deficiency and blood stasis syndrome. Moreover, its therapeutic effects in improving the symptoms were also studied.