The relationships between 105 bacterial counts of subeschar tissue of 40 burn cases and the success of failure of skin autografting are analysed in the present article.Data showed that the success rate of skin grafting was only 94.72% when there was no subeschar bacterial growth, and 90% even while the bacterial count of subeschar tissue reached 1010.This suggests that there are many factors influencing the success or failure of skin grafting.The bacterial count of subeschar tissue is one but not an unique determining factor .Therefore, it can not be used as a predicting factor of success or failure of skin grafting.The notion that subeschar bacterial count of 106 is a watershed of success or failure of skin grafting may lead to its misunderstanding for a contriandiction of skin grafting.Thereby the active treat- ment of local burn Woun wound will be influenced .This problem needs further deliberation.

The early changes in microcirculation of burns are of significant pathophsi-ologic importance. The experimental use of cimetidine, an antagonist of histamine H2-receptor, demonstrated its better effectiveness against the changes in microva-scular permeability. No observations on blood flowing state were made. The post-burn adherence of White blood cells to venules were noted recently by Eriksson, which was considered as a pathophysiologic mechanism of postburn tissue edema.A 20% body surface area third degree burn is produced in rats, which is designed an experimental model for observation of the changes in mesenteric microcirculation and a comparative relationship between the adherence of white blood cells and the tissue water content, a comparative therapeutic effect of early resuscitation with Ringer's lactate solution and the results of blood flow in microcirculation, adherence of white blood cells, and aggregation of red blood cells obtained by administration of cimtldine.The chief findings of mesentery microcirculation of burned rat are venule dilatation with progressive slowing and sludging of blood flow; preipheral rotation and adherence of white blood cells; progressive aggregation of red blood cells. No edema is found by measuring water content of remote tissue, better therapeutic effects are shown both by resuscitation of fluid and administration of cimetidine, with the former in predeminanee. The present study indicates:1.Hypovolemia caused by postburn fluid loss and venule dilatation is a major factor leading to worsening of microcircuration blood flow. In order to maintain normal flow state, to assure abetter tissue perfusion, the administration of cimetidine associated with fluid resuscitation may be beneficial.2.Low flow state of microcirculation is the underlying cause, but not the only one of adherence of white blood cells postburn.3.Adherence of white blood cells within venules does not lead to tissue edema, it is, therefore, not the cause of remote tissue edema. The point of view of Eriksson merites further discussion.4.The problems of aggregation of red blood cells and remote unburned tissue edema are also discussed in the present artical. The primary danger of aggregation of red blood cells is to make worsen of the microcirculation, which aggravates the deficiency of blood and oxygen; timely correction of hypovolumia is a preventive measure of primary importance. The experimental model revealed that if no fluid is administered, some, then shows slightly mild dehydration. This might probably be due to the compensatory responce of the remote area to hemoconcen-tration.

In this study, 119 adult wistar rats were used, and divided into four groups (control group, burn group, burn-cimetidine treatment group and burn-ranitidine reatment grup). 20% TBSA full thickness burn was produced by immersion of the clipped back of the rat in 100℃ boiling water for 15s. The rats of the control group were immersed in 37℃ water for 15 s. In the treatment groups, the animals were treated with cimetidine (0.1 mg/g) or ranitidine (0.05 mg/g) intraperitoneally every 12 h, respectively. All animals were given fluid therapy according to the TBSA and body weight. In the animals treated with cimetidine or ranitidine, the H+ concentration of gastric juice was greatly decreased as compared with that of the burn group (P

Objective:To observe the effects of blind nasal intubation in maxillofacial anesthesia.Methods:The effects of 1000 cases with blind nasal intubation under NLA were analyzed.Results:The results showed that 736 cases(73.5%) were intubated within 10 minutes,212 cases(21.2%)within 11～20minutes and 45 cases(4.5%) within 21～30 minutes and only 7 patients(0.8%) were obliged to receive tracheostomy.There were neither obvious adverse effects of the cardiovascular system during intubation nor postoperative memory of the intubation in all patients.Conclusion:The results suggest that blind nasotracheal intubation is an useful and safe technique for maxillofacial surgery.

0.05),There were 2 cases of nausea and one case of vomit in Lornoxicam group,as compared with 8 cases of nausea and 4 cases of vomit in Tramadol group.The number of nausea is 2 vs 8(P

Congenital nephrotic syndrome,the common cause of end stage renal disease in chidren,is a rare kidney disorder.With the advanced molecular biology,much progress have been made in its etiology,diagnosis and treatment.This paper will mainly focus on its classification,diagnosis and therapy.

The relationship between neuronal inflammatory changes and extensive neurodegeneration in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) remains to be studied.Recent neuroimaging studies have shown that energy depletion due to the impairment of effective oxygen metabolism and oxygen supply defects may be one of the causes of neurodegeneration.In this paper,the pathologic mechanism of MS related to energy failure and associated MRI imaging techniques were reviewed.

In order to improve the speech quality and auditory perceptiveness of electronic cochlear implant under strong noise background, a speech enhancement system used for electronic cochlear implant front-end was constructed. Taking digital signal processing (DSP) as the core, the system combines its multi-channel buffered serial port (McBSP) data transmission channel with extended audio interface chip TLV320AIC10, so speech signal acquisition and output with high speed are realized. Meanwhile, due to the traditional speech enhancement method which has the problems as bad adaptability, slow convergence speed and big steady-state error, versiera function and de-correlation principle were used to improve the existing adaptive filtering algorithm, which effectively enhanced the quality of voice communications. Test results verified the stability of the system and the de-noising performance of the algorithm, and it also proved that they could provide clearer speech signals for the deaf or tinnitus patients.
Algorithms ; Cochlear Implantation ; Cochlear Implants ; Electronics ; Humans ; Noise ; Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted ; Speech ; Speech Perception

Objective To deterine the expression of TNF-related apoptosis inducing ligand (TRAIL) and its receptor DR5 in murine myocardium with acute viral myocarditis(VM).Methods We builted the model of VM.Eight mice of the VM group and the normal control group were sacrificed on the 7th,10th,14th,21st,28th day after inoculation CVB3 virus.The myocardial histopathological scores were counted.The terminal reansferase-mediated dUPT-biotin nick end-labeling (TUNEL) assays was used to quantified apoptosis rate.The expression of TRAIL and DR5 protein and mRNA were determined by the method of immunohistochemistry and reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR).Results The expression of TRAIL and DR5 protein and mRNA were found in myocardium of both the normal control group and the VM group.The expression of TRAIL protein of the VM group(14th) were significantly higher than which in the normal group at the same time and the VM group(7th)(F=9.17,P<0.01).The DR5 protein of the VM group(10th,14th,21st)were significantly higher than which in the normal group at the same time and the VM group(7th)(F=13.32,P<0.01).The expression of TRAIL and DR5 protein were positive correlated with the myocardial histopathological scores and the apoptosis rate.The expression of TRAIL mRNA of the VM group(10th) were significantly higher than which in the normal group at the same time and the VM group(7th)(F=10.86,P<0.01).The DR5 mRNA of the VM group(10th,14th)were significantly higher than which in the normal group at the same time and the VM group(7th)(F=22.75,P<0.01).Conclusion High characteristic expressions of protein/mRNA TRAIL and DR5 were observed in the myocardium of mice with VM.The level was positive correlationed with the account of pathology and the rate of apoptosis.The apoptosis induced by TRAIL and DR5 may participate in the pathophysiological processes of VM.

The proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells plays an important role in the initiation and aggravation in cardiovascular diseases such as hypertension, arteriosclerosis, restenosis. This article reviewed the progress in the studies on extracellular influencing factors, intracellular signal transduction, cell cycle of vascular smooth muscle cells and the relative drug research and development.