To summarize the nursing experience of a patient with pancreatic cancer who underwent total pancreatectomy combined with islet cell transplantation.Nursing points:goal-oriented management of endocrine function,being alert to the occurrence of"brittle diabetes";the dose of pancreatic enzymes was dynamically adjusted by doctors and nurses to improve exocrine insufficiency;the whole-process nutritional risk assessment and individualized nutritional support strategies were implemented.Early identification and standardized management of gastroparesis syndrome can improve gastric motility of patients.After careful treatment and nursing care,the patient's islet function was stable,and the endocrine and exocrine functions of the pancreas recovered well.The patient was discharged 15 days after the operation.During the follow-up of 2 months,the patient's condition was stable,and no serious blood glucose disorder and other serious complications occurred.

To summarize the nursing experience of a patient with pancreatic cancer who underwent total pancreatectomy combined with islet cell transplantation.Nursing points:goal-oriented management of endocrine function,being alert to the occurrence of"brittle diabetes";the dose of pancreatic enzymes was dynamically adjusted by doctors and nurses to improve exocrine insufficiency;the whole-process nutritional risk assessment and individualized nutritional support strategies were implemented.Early identification and standardized management of gastroparesis syndrome can improve gastric motility of patients.After careful treatment and nursing care,the patient's islet function was stable,and the endocrine and exocrine functions of the pancreas recovered well.The patient was discharged 15 days after the operation.During the follow-up of 2 months,the patient's condition was stable,and no serious blood glucose disorder and other serious complications occurred.

Objective:To understand the pathogen infection and epidemiological characteristics of children with diarrhea in Tianjin.Methods:Stool samples from 1 466 children with diarrhea in Tianjin Children's Hospital from August 2017 to July 2018 were collected, and all samples were tested for five intestinal-related pathogens (norovirus, rotavirus, Clostridium difficile toxin, adenovirus, and astrovirus). Results:Among the 1 466 samples, 627 samples were positive for nucleic acid detection of intestinal pathogens, with a positive rate of 42.8%. The detection rate of norovirus was the highest (26.3%), followed by rotavirus (15.3%), Clostridium difficile toxin (4.6%), adenovirus (4.1%), and astrovirus (1.84%). The infection has obvious seasonality. The positive detection rates of the five pathogens were similar among children of different sexes, and only the positive detection rates of norovirus and rotavirus were statistically significant among different ages ( P<0.05). There were 110 cases of mixed infection, and the mixed infection of norovirus and rotavirus was the most common, with a total of 37 cases. Conclusions:The pathogen spectrum of infant infectious diarrhea in Tianjin is complex and diverse, and the main pathogens are norovirus and rotavirus.

Objective:To investigate the molecular epidemiologic and clinical characteristics of norovirus (NoV) in hospitalized children with acute gastroenteritis (AGE) in Tianjin to provide theoretical basis for clinical diagnosis and treatment.Methods:Fecal specimens were collected from children with AGE in Tianjin Children′s Hospital from August 2017 to July 2020. NoV was detected by real-time fluorescence reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Partial sequence of the capsid protein VP1 of positive samples was amplified by conventional RT-PCR. The products were sent for sequencing and genotyping based on the sequence. As the same time, the clinical symptoms were compared among children infected with different NoV genotypes.Results:Among the 6 432 specimens, 1 703 (26.5%) were positive for NoV. Sequence analysis showed that 761 identified NoV strains could be divided into 7 genotypes. Genotypes GII.4, GII.3, GII.2, GII.17, GII.1, GII.13 and GII.6 accounted for 55.5% (422/761), 36.7% (279/761), 4.9% (37/761), 0.9% (7/761), 0.8% (6/761), 0.8% (6/761) and 0.5% (4/761), respectively. All of the GII.4 belonged to GII.4 Sydney 2012. There was also a significant difference in the seasonal distribution of children infected with GII.4 and other genotypes ( χ2=103.53, P<0.001). Children infected with GII.4 NoV were more likely to have diarrhea, vomiting and dehydration ( χ2=8.42, P=0.004; χ2=20.39, P<0.001; χ2=4.99, P=0.025). Conclusions:GII.4 and GII.3 were mainly genotypes of NoV infection in Tianjin from 2017 to 2020 and genotypes were diverse. In addition, children with GII.4 NoV were more likely to suffer from diarrhea, vomiting and dehydration.

Objective:To be aware of the needs of the young students for nuclear and radiation science popularization, and to provide scientific basis for accurate science popularization.Methods:A simple random sampling method was used to select 1 primary school, 5 middle schools and 2 universities in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region in December 2020. Questionnaires were distributed through teachers. In addition, convenience sampling method was used to distribute questionnaires in friend circle and other areas to expand the survey scope, with a total of 1 345 respondents. SPSS was used to conduct statistical analysis on the basic information of the respondents, the understanding and concern of nuclear and radiation science popularization and the demand for nuclear and radiation science popularization.Results:A total of 1 120 valid questionnaires were collected, of which 52.4% mainly remained at the conceptual level for the cognition of radiation, 52.2% occasionally paid attention to nuclear and radiation science popularization, 65.3% and 41.3% paid attention to life reference and hobbies, respectively. Radiation protection and its sources and effects received high concern, accounting for 72.6% and 68.3% respectively. Illustration and short video were popular science forms of young students, making up 45.7% and 44.3%, respectively. The students of different genders differed in radiation cognition, degree of concern, purpose of concern and content demand for radiation protection science popularization, and the differences are statistically significant( χ2=10.017, 26.859, 56.237, 17.305, P<0.05). Conclusions:Nuclear and radiation science popularization should consistent with the law of public demand, accurately locate the demand characteristics of young students, and consider the characteristics of different genders, concerns over radiation protection, treatment and damage knowledge from the point of life and fun, so as to improve the public′s attention, enhance the national nuclear science culture, and create a good nuclear safety culture atmosphere.

Objective:To investigate the molecular epidemiological characteristics of norovirus (NoV) in hospitalized children with sporadic acute gastroenteritis in Tianjin in 2019.Methods:Fecal specimens and clinical data were collected from 3 116 hospitalized children with sporadic acute gastroenteritis possibly caused by viral infection in Tianjin Children′ Hospital between January and December, 2019. Real-time quantitative PCR was used to detect NoV. Partial sequences of RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) and capsid genes of NoV were amplified by RT-PCR. Sequence alignment and phylogenetic analysis were performed for further analysis.Results:Among the 3 116 specimens, 809 (26.0%) were positive for NoV. There were significant differences in NoV detection rate between different age groups ( P=0.000), and the highest NoV detection rate (31.6%) was observed in the age group of 7-12 months. Moreover, the detection rate of NoV varied with seasons ( P=0.000), and the NoV detection rate was highest in winter (39.0%). Based on the sequence analysis of RdRp and capsid genes, 286 identified NoV strains belonged to six genotypes, which were GⅡ.P12-GⅡ.3, GⅡ.P16-GⅡ.2, GⅡ.P17-GⅡ.17, GⅡ.Pe-GⅡ.2, GⅡ.Pe-GⅡ.3 and GⅡ.Pe-GⅡ.4. The predominant genotype was GⅡ.Pe-GⅡ.4 Sydney 2012 (61.2%), followed by GⅡ.P12-GⅡ.3 (33.6%, 96/286), GⅡ.Pe-GⅡ.3 (2.4%, 7/286), GⅡ.P16-GⅡ.2 (2.1%, 6/286), GⅡ.Pe-GⅡ.2 (0.3%, 1/286) and GⅡ.P17-GⅡ.17 (0.3%, 1/286). Patients carrying the NoV of GⅡ.Pe-GⅡ.4 Sydney 2012 genotype were likely to suffer from vomiting than those positive for NoV of GⅡ.P12-GⅡ.3 genotype. Conclusions:NoV was an important pathogen causing acute gastroenteritis in children. GⅡ.Pe-GⅡ.4 Sydney 2012 and GⅡ.P12-GⅡ.3 were the major genotypes of NoV in hospitalized children with sporadic acute gastroenteritis in Tianjin in 2019.

Objective:To investigate the prevalence and clinical characteristics of Mycoplasma pneumoniae( Mp) genotypes and subtypes in children in Tianjin. Methods:Children with pneumonia admitted to Tianjin Children′s Hospital from December 2017 to December 2019 were selected as the research objects. Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid was collected by fiberoptic bronchoscopy. The positive samples were detected by real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR and Mp culture. PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism(RFLP) and multiple variable number tandem repeats were used for genotyping. Detailed clinical and laboratory data were collected for all cases. Results:The results of RFLP showed that there were 138 cases (78.9%) of typeⅠand 37 cases (21.1%) of type Ⅱ; 37 cases of type M3-5-6-2, including six subtypes B, G, M, S, V and Y; 138 cases of M4-5-7-2 were detected, including seven subtypes of E, J, P, U, X, Z and a. In M3-5-6-2 type, there were 1 case of P1-Ⅰtype (2.7%), 36 cases of P1-Ⅱtype (97.3%), 137 cases of P1-Ⅰ type (99.2%) and 1 case of P1-Ⅱ type (0.7%) in M4-5-7-2 type. There was no significant difference in genotype distribution among different age groups. There were statistical differences in the distribution of four seasons among the 13 genotypes of B, G, M, S, V, Y and E, J, P, U, X, Z, a. All Mp infected children had symptoms of fever and cough. The hospitalization time, fever duration, high fever (>39℃), cough duration, skin changes, digestive system symptoms and liver function injury rate of P1-Ⅰ/M4-5-7-2 pneumonia children were higher than those of P1-Ⅱ/M3-5-6-2 pneumonia children, but the difference was not statistically significant. The WBC count of P1-Ⅱ/M3-5-6-2 types was higher than that of typeⅠand M4-5-7-2; the LDH of P1-Ⅰ/M4-5-7-2 was higher than that of Ⅱ and M3-5-6-2, with statistical difference. There was no significant difference in the incidence of inflammatory consolidation, atelectasis, pleural thickening and pleural effusion among different genotypes. Conclusions:Mp infection in children with pneumonia in Tianjin is mainly P1-Ⅰ/ M4-5-7-2, and P1-Ⅱ is on the rise. P1-Ⅰ and M4-5-7-2 were associated with fever and severe symptoms.

Objective:To analyze the epidemiological characteristics and molecular classification of Human adenovirus (HAdV) and Human bocavirus (HBoV) infection in hospitalized children with acute respiratory infection in Tianjin Children′s Hospital.Methods:A total of 1 171 nasopharyngeal aspirates were collected from children with acute respiratory infection in Tianjin Children′s Hospital from March 2019 to February 2020. The specific primers designed by gene sequence were amplified by polymerase chain reation (PCR), and the positive amplification products were determined by sequencing. The sequences of HAdV and HBoV were compared in GenBank, molecular typed and phylogenetic tree analyzed of HAdV by MEGA7.0.26. The positive rate of HAdV and HBoV in different age groups(<6 months, 6-11 months, 12-23 months, 24-35 months, 36-47 months, ≥48 months) and seasons were compared by SPSS20.0.Results:Thirty HAdV were detected in 1 171 specimens, with a positive rate of 2.56% (30/1 171) and 84 cases with HBoV, with a positive rate of 7.17% (84/1 171).The positive detection rates of HAdV and HBoV in different age groups were 1.02% (4/392)-6.61% (8/121) and 4.09% (7/171)-11.45% (26/227), respectively. There was a significant difference in the positive detection rate of HAdV and HBoV in each age group (χ2=12.862, P=0.025; χ2=14.178, P=0.015).Winter is the peak period of HAdV infection, with a positive rate of 5.54% (15/271). The peak of HBoV infection is autumn and winter with a positive rate of 12.00% (36/300) and 12.5% (34/271), respectively, higher than that of the other two seasons (χ2=43.753, P<0.05). There was a significant difference in different season groups (χ2=13.287, P=0.004; χ2=43.753, P<0.05). The sequences of 29 adenoviruses were HAdV-3, 7 serotypes of HAdV-B subgroup and HAdV-1, 2, 5 serotypes of HAdV-C subgroup. Conclusion:HAdV and HBoV play important roles in children′s respiratory tract infections, and are closely related to factors such as the season and the age of the child. They should attract clinical attention.

Objective:To evaluate the prevalence of human rhinovirus (HRV) infection in hospitalized children in Tianjin and investigate the clinical impact of HRV infections.Methods:From July 2017 to December 2019, 2 945 nasopharyngeal secretion specimens were screened for HRV using polymerase chain reaction (PCR). VP4/VP2 sequences of HRV were further characterized. The clinical characteristics of the HRV infection were analyzed. The detection results of HRV for different groups and different months were compared using SPSS 19.0.Results:HRV-positive specimens accounted for 8.15% (240/2 945), of which 74.78% (86/115) were diagnosed with pneumonia, 40.83%(98/240) had co-infections with other common pathogens. HRV infections could be detected throughout the year with peaks in spring (11.00%, 66/660) and autumn (9.29%, 81/872). The positive rate of HRV was 4.14%(29/700) in winter. By VP4/VP2 sequence analysis, HRV-A was the most frequently detected strain(50.00%, 78/156), followed by HRV-C (41.67%, 65/156).46.15% (30/65) of HRV-C infections occurred in October and November. There were several different HRV-A types and HRV-C types. The most commonly detected HRV-A types were A12(11.54%, 9/78), A49(6.41%, 5/78), A22, A101, and A66(5.13%, 4/78), etc. The most common HRV-C types were C2(20.00%, 13/65), C22(9.23%, 6/65), C26, C43, C54 and C53(4.62%,3/65). Patients with HRV-A infections are more likely to show fever symptoms than HRV-C (χ2=5.411, P<0.05). No significant difference in other symptoms were found between the two types. Conclusions:HRV was a commonly detected virus among infants and had a clear seasonal distribution. It′s also possible for the HRV patients to have co-infections with other pathogens.HRV showed high genetic diversity.

Objective:To investigate the filial piety value level and the influencing factors of filial piety among children whose parents were diagnosed as advanced cancer.Methods:A convenient sampling method was used to recruit 383 participants in Tumor Hospital, Tianjin Medical University.Results:The total score of Filial Piety Value Scale among children whose parents were advanced cancer patients was (66.50±4.10) . The age of the patient, the number of hospitalization and the degree of awareness of the condition, the age of the children, whether the child was the-only-child, whether the child was living with the patient, and the average daily care time influenced the filial piety values of children whose parents were advanced cancer patients ( Z=16.64-62.94, U=2.04-4.27, P<0.05). Conclusion:Children whose parents were with advanced cancer have a better understanding of filial piety. Nurses understand the values of filial piety of children in the context of traditional filial piety and family care mode in China, which can enhance the experience of filial piety and filial piety of both children and parents, also improve the mental health problems of patients, and finally improve the quality of life of patients with advanced cancer.