Neonatal candida colonization is the most important risk factor of neonatal invasive candidiasis.Knowing the characteristics is conducive to recognize the candida colonization early and evaluate the risks of IC.The article reviews the incidence,time,place,trains,transmission,risks of neonatal candida colonization and the relation between candida colonization and IC in neonatal wards,providing the evidence for neonatal IC prophylaxis.

Objective To investigate the nursing cooperation in clinical application of RetCamⅢ wide-field digital pediatric retinal imaging system.Methods 119 patients were given pointed nursing guidance while they underwent RetCamⅢ wide-field digital pediatric retinal imaging system examination.Results All patients accomplished the examination.29 cases had adverse reactions after using mydriatic.27 cases felt discomfort during the examination.22 cases appeared adverse reactions after examination,but relieved after nursing cooperation and guidance.Conclusions RetCamⅢ wide-field digital pediatric retinal imaging system is a rapid,safe and effective method for pediatric fundus examination.Favorable nursing cooperation and guidance is the guarantee of accurate and effective examination and harmonious relationship between doctor-nurse-patient.

Objective To study anti-inflammatory, analgesic and immunomodulatory effect of total flavone in culture of Saussurea medusa Maxim and the wild one. Methods Different pain, inflammatory and immune models were made to investigate the anti-inflammatory, analgesic and immunomodulatory effect of total flavone in culture of Saussurea medusa Maxim and the wild one such as paw edema in mice, ear edema in rats and so on. Results There are obvious analgesic effect in pain caused by heat in total flavone in culture of Saussurea medusa Maxim and the wild one, and they have obvious restraining effect on paw edema in mice and ear edema in rats as well as on the function of transformation of lymphocyte T and B in rats. Moreover, there is no obvious difference between total flavone in culture of Saussurea medusa Maxim and the total flavone of the wild one. Conclusion Total flavone in culture ofSaussurea medusa Maxim and the wild one possess anti-inflammatory, analgesic and immunomodulatory effect, and there is no obvious difference between them.

Objective To explore the roles of IκBα and TGF-β1 on airway inflammation in rats with chronic bronchitis induced by smoking and study the effects and mechanism of anti-inflammation of pretreatment with ambroxol. Methods Sixty male wistar rats were randomly divided into four groups: Normal dosage group, model group, high dosage group and low dosage group. The rats with chronic bronchitis were established by smoking. For high and low dosage group, rats were pretreated respectively with ambroxol group, rats were pretreated with normal saline through peritoneal injection as much as the low dosage group.After 76 days, the histopathologic changes stained in hemotoxylin and eosin (H. E.) of bronchopulmonary tissues were observed under opticalmicroscope, white cell counts and differential analysis were performed in BALF, the expression of IκBα and TGF-β1 were detected by immunohistochemistry. Results The pathological changes of model group were in consistent with that of chronic bronchitis, but the degrees were significantly reduced in high and low dosage groups. Compared with those in normal group, the white cell count and the neutrophilic granulocyte count of BALF in model group were significantly increased and the macrophagocyte count decreased, and the expression of IκBαwas significantly decreased(t =3.24,3.31,3.29,3.48, P ＜0. 05) and the TGF-β1 significantly increased (P ＜0. 05). Compared with those in the model group, the white cell count and the neutrophilic granulocyte count of BALF in high and low dosage group were significantly decreased and the macrophagocyte count increased, the expression of IκBαwas significantly increased (t =2. 86,2. 97,2. 92,3.52,2.42,2. 88,2. 58,3.48, P ＜0. 05) and the TGF-β1 significantly decreased (P ＜0. 05) . Compared with those in low dosage group, the expression of TGF-β1 was decreased and the expression of IκBαincreased in high dosage group (t =2. 82,3.64, P ＜0. 05). Conclusions Down-regulating the expression of IκBα and up-regulating of TGF-β1 may be involved in the process of airway inflammation in rats with chronic bronchitis induced by smoking. Ambroxol might have better effects on ameliorating airway inflammation by up-regulating the expression of IκBα and down-regulating of TGF-β1.

The phenomenon of secondary ischemic brain injury after intracerebral hemorrhage is more common in clinical practice.In recent years,a growing number of studies are trying to find an effective therapy to avoid the occurrence of ischemic brain injury and improve the prognosis in patients with intracerebral hemorrhage.This article reviews the incidence and mechanisms of ischemic brain injury after intracerebral hemorrhage.

Objective To study the recurrence of colon adenoma after endoscopic high-frequency electric polypectomy.Methods The data of 238 patients undergoing endoscopic polypectomy between 2000 and 2008 were retrospectively analyzed.The cumulative recurrence rates at 0-2 years,＞2-5 years and ＞5-8 years after polypectomy,median recurrence time and main risk factors for recurrence were identified based on the features of adenomas detected on initial colonoscopy.Results The cumulative recurrence rates of adenoma at the surveillance examination were 61％,81％,and 84％ for the three intervals,respectively.On multivariate analysis,gender,age,extra-colonic tumor history,alcohol drinking history and adenoma number at initial examination were the independent risk factors of adenoma recurrence.Conclusion We suggest a 2-year surveillance interval for Chinese patients with colonic adenoma after the initial endoscopic polypectomy,a 20-month surveillance interval for males over 60 years old who have more than 2 sdenomas at the initial colonoscopy,and an even shorter interval for those with exira-colonic tumor history or alcohol drinking history.

Objective To evaluate the effects and mechanism of valerian extract treatment on bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis of rats. Methods After healthy Wistar rats(irrespective of sex)were given diethyl ether inhalation anesthesia, giving a single intratracheal instillation of bleomycin at a dose of 5 mg/kg to make a pattern of pulmonary fibrosis. 65 survival rats were randomly divided into four groups: Valerian high-dose groups(n = 16), Valerian low-dose groups(n = 16), Colchicine group(n = 16)and Model group (n = 17).Each group was given a dose of 100 mg/kg valeian extract everyday, a dose of 20 mg/kg valeian extract Valeian extract , a dose of 100μg/kg colchicine and a dose of 10ml/kg after second day. And in each groups, 6 rats were killed on day 7, 10 rats were killed on day 28 after instillation respectively. Rats in control group (n = 8) were instilled with saline intractracheally and saline was given everyday with a dose of 10ml/kg. Control group was killed on day 28. After rats were killed, The right lower pulmonary lobes were harvested for HE-staining, Masson-staining was used to observe the transformation of pulmonary tissue and immunohistochemistry was used to examine transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) which was analyzed by image analysis system. Results No obvious transformation were found in control group. The alveolitis in valerian and colchicine groups were ameliorated, compared with model group on day 7. The expressions of TGF-β1 in control group were lower than that in model group, and the mean integrated optical densities of TGF-β1 in control group were lower than that in mod-el group(P<0.05). The pulmonary fibrosis in valerian and colchicine group were ameliorated, compared with model group on day 28. The expressions of TGF-β1 in valerian and colchicine group were lower than that in model group. There were no significant differences between the valerian group and the colchicine group. Conclusion Valerian extract could reduce the degree of alveolitis and fibrosis induced by bleo-mycin through suppressing of TGF-β1.

Objective To detect the microvessel density(MVD) marked by MIF protein in esophagus squamous cell carcinoma(ESCC), and to see if a relationship exists between microvessel density(MVD) and clinicopathologic features. Methods The expression of MIF in vascular endothelial cell in forty ESCC specimens was examined by immunohistocbemistry staining, calculated the mean of MVD and analysed the relationship with clinicopathologic features. Results The positive rate of MIF protein was 95.00 %(38/40) in ESCC vascular endothelial cell. Compared with the normal esophageal squamous tissue[32.50 %(13/40)], there was significant difference in statistics, the mean of MVD was 26.5±8.5. MVD was positively correlated with the tumor TNM stages and lymph node motastasis. Conclusion MIF can be used in tagging vascular endothelial cell, MVD of ESCC was positively correlated with the tumor TNM stages and lymph node metastasis. It might be an major prognostic factor in ESCC.

Objective:To analyze the rules and characteristics of acupoints selection in acupuncture RCT literature on therapy of Bell palsy.Methods:Acupuncture Prescription Database was established through collecting RCT literature of acupuncture treatment of Bell palsy.The characteristics and rules of acupoints selection were investigated by means of data mining method.Results:After data mining-based analysis on acupuncture therapy of Bell palsy,we found that points on Yangming Meridians were frequently used,especially ST 4.Selection of local acupoints and distal points were important.Conclusion:According the means of data mining,the results revealed that acupoints selection along related meridian was the important principle for Bell palsy,and the special acupoints were the main part of prescriptions.

Objective: To clone , express and purify of Dermatophagoides farinae ( Der f 11 ) , and then test its immunogenicity.Methods:The gene coding for Der f 11 was synthesized ,and was then linked with the pET-32a vector.The expression plasmid pET32a(+)-Der f 11 was induced by IPTG.After purification of recombinant allergens Der 11 proteins through the Ni +affinity chromatography ,immunological allergic patients serum as the Primary antibody.Results: We obtain high purity recombinant Der f 11 protein.The results of SDS-PAGE show that the expression product is about 118 KD.Recombinant allergen Der f 11 test 15 dust mites allergic patients serum specific IgE , positive rate was 20%.Conclusion: Recombinant allergen Der f 11 obtained has the similar immunologic activity to natural Der f 11 protein.It can lay the foundation for the specific diagnosis ,treatment and further experimental studies of the dust mite allergy disease.