Objective To investigate the protective effect of ischemic postconditioning on lung injury in situ during lung ischemic reperfusion.Methods 24 SD rats were randomly divided into 3 groups,sham-operated group(S),ischemic-reperfusion group(I/R) and ischemic postconditioning group (IpostC).IpostC was established by several brief reperfusion-ischemia (30 s,5 cycles) before continuous reperfusion.AKT,p-AKT,p70S6K,p-p70S6K protein expression,apoptotic cells were tested by Western blotting and TUNEL,wet to dry weight ratio(W/D) in lung tissue were determined respectively.The lung pathological changes were also observed.Results Compared with S group,expression of Akt、p-Akt、p70S6K、p-p70S6K and the ratio of W/D,apoptotic index in lung tissue all markedly increased in I/R and IpostC group (P ＜ 0.05).Compared with I/R group,expression of Akt、p-Akt、p70S6K、p-p70S6K markedly increased in IpostC group(P ＜0.05),while the ratio of W/D and apoptotic index significantly reduced (P ＜ 0.05),the pathological injury in IpostC group also reduced significantly.Conclusion IpostC has a protective effect on lung ischemic reperfusion injury via PI3K/Akt pathway.

Objective To investigate the causes of the dilemma in the medical patents transfer,analyze the corresponding countermeasures.Methods The research clarify the causes of the dilemma in the medical patents transfer and put forward countermeasures to promote the medical patents trans fer according to depth interviews to relevant personnel involved in medical patents transfer and literature analysis.Results A lot of factors,including the professionalism and technical of the medical patents,the special status of the inventor,the imperfect institutions,attitude of hospital administration to the medical patents transfer and environment which ignore the medical patents transfer,lead to the dilemma of the medical patents transfer.Countermeasures like the establishment of a special transfor mation entity,the incentives for transformation personnel,improve the transformation system and processes can promote the medical patents transfer.Conclusions Comprehensive consideration of the objective environment,the effective using of available resources,encouraging collaborations between hospitals and enterprises to making good use of their own advantages,as well as ask for related regulatory support,can help the smooth transfer of medical patents.

Objective:To examine the effect of“lesion removal plus whole breast exploration and washing plus micro-plastic surgery”in granulomatous lobular mastitis.Methods:A single-center prospective randomized controlled study method was used to enroll patients diagnosed with granulomatous lobular mastitis for whom surgical procedures were projected from March 2017 to September 2019 at Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University. The sample size is determined by the superiority test. Based on the literatures and the previous work, the two groups require 97 cases. Fifty-two patients underwent“lesion removal+whole breast exploration and washing plus micro-plastic surgery”(observation group). Forty-five cases underwent“empirical breast lesion resection plus fascia tissue flap plasty plus nipple and areola correction”(control group). The primary study endpoint is the recurrence rate, and the secondary study endpoints include surgical complications, incision healing time, and postoperative patient satisfaction. Independent sample t test, Wilcoxon rank-sum test, χ2 test and Fisher exact test were used for comparison between groups. Results:All procedures were completed successful, with no severe complications. All patients were followed up for (15.2±1.9) months (range: 12 to 24 months). There were no significant differences in incidence of postoperative complications (7.7% (4/52) vs. 6.7%(3/45), P=1), drainage time ((8.6±0.6) days vs. (8.4±0.8) days, t=1.921, P=0.053) and hospital stay ((7.7±0.6) days vs. (7.6±0.5) days, t=1.633, P=0.102) between the two groups. The recurrence rate of the observation group was lower significantly than that of the control group (3.8% (2/52) vs. 24.4%(11/45), χ2=8.819, P=0.003). The observation group had better cosmetic effects ( Z=-2.657, P=0.008) and patient satisfaction than control group ( Z=-5.730, P=0.000). Conclusion:The “lesion removal plus whole breast exploration and flushing plus micro-plastic surgery” has a good therapeutic effect and cosmetic value for patients with refractory granulomatous lobular mastitis.

Objective:To examine the effect of“lesion removal plus whole breast exploration and washing plus micro-plastic surgery”in granulomatous lobular mastitis.Methods:A single-center prospective randomized controlled study method was used to enroll patients diagnosed with granulomatous lobular mastitis for whom surgical procedures were projected from March 2017 to September 2019 at Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University. The sample size is determined by the superiority test. Based on the literatures and the previous work, the two groups require 97 cases. Fifty-two patients underwent“lesion removal+whole breast exploration and washing plus micro-plastic surgery”(observation group). Forty-five cases underwent“empirical breast lesion resection plus fascia tissue flap plasty plus nipple and areola correction”(control group). The primary study endpoint is the recurrence rate, and the secondary study endpoints include surgical complications, incision healing time, and postoperative patient satisfaction. Independent sample t test, Wilcoxon rank-sum test, χ2 test and Fisher exact test were used for comparison between groups. Results:All procedures were completed successful, with no severe complications. All patients were followed up for (15.2±1.9) months (range: 12 to 24 months). There were no significant differences in incidence of postoperative complications (7.7% (4/52) vs. 6.7%(3/45), P=1), drainage time ((8.6±0.6) days vs. (8.4±0.8) days, t=1.921, P=0.053) and hospital stay ((7.7±0.6) days vs. (7.6±0.5) days, t=1.633, P=0.102) between the two groups. The recurrence rate of the observation group was lower significantly than that of the control group (3.8% (2/52) vs. 24.4%(11/45), χ2=8.819, P=0.003). The observation group had better cosmetic effects ( Z=-2.657, P=0.008) and patient satisfaction than control group ( Z=-5.730, P=0.000). Conclusion:The “lesion removal plus whole breast exploration and flushing plus micro-plastic surgery” has a good therapeutic effect and cosmetic value for patients with refractory granulomatous lobular mastitis.

BACKGROUND:It has been found that abnormal apoptosis of bone tissue cells induced by abnormal iron metabolism plays an important role in the progression of osteoporosis. OBJECTIVE:To investigate the effect of naringin on iron metabolism and cell apoptosis in bone tissue of rats with osteoporosis. METHODS:Fifty 2-month-old female Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into five groups with 10 rats in each group:sham group,osteoporosis group,naringin low-dose group,naringin high-dose group,and naringin high-dose+DKK-1 group.Except for the sham group,rat models of osteoporosis were established by removing bilateral ovarian tissues in the other groups.At 8 weeks after modeling,rats in the naringin low-and high-dose groups were given 100 and 400 mg/kg/d naringenin by gavage,respectively,and rats in the naringenin high dose+DKK-1 group were given 400 mg/kg/d naringin by gavage and subcutaneous injection of 25 mg/kg/d DKK-1,an inhibitor of the Wnt1 signaling pathway,for 7 consecutive days.Relevant indexes were detected after administration. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Compared with the osteoporosis group,naringin could enhance the bone mineral density and serum calcium and superoxide dismutase levels in rats(P<0.05),and reduce the serum levels of osteocalcin,malondialdehyde,and phosphorus(P<0.05),while DKK-1 could partially inhibit the interventional effect of naringin(P<0.05).Results from Micro-CT scanning,hematoxylin-eosin and TUNEL staining showed that compared with the osteoporosis group,naringin significantly improved bone microstructure and reduced the rate of cell apoptosis,while DKK-1 partially inhibited the interventional effect of naringin.Immunofluorescence staining results showed that compared with the osteoporosis group,naringin could reduce the oxygen content,anti-tartaric acid phosphatase expression,and elevate the expression of alkaline phosphatase in active tibia tissues(P<0.05),while DKK-1 could partially inhibit the interventional effect of naringin(P<0.05).Results from Prussian blue staining and immunohistochemical staining showed that compared with the osteoporosis group,naringin reduced iron deposition in bone and liver tissues as well as the expression of transferrin receptor 1(P<0.05),and elevated the protein expression of ferroportin 1(P<0.05)in bone tissue,and DKK-1 partially inhibited the intervention of naringin(P<0.05).PCR and western blot assay of tibia specimens showed that compared with the osteoporosis group,naringin decreased the expression of anti-tartrate acid phosphatase,transferrin receptor 1 and Bax(P<0.05),and elevated the expression of alkaline phosphatase,ferroportin 1,Bcl-2,Wnt1 and β-catenin(P<0.05),while DKK-1 partially inhibited the interfering effect of naringin(P<0.05).To conclude,naringin inhibits the progression of osteoporosis by reducing iron deposition and apoptosis rate in bone tissue,which may be related to the activation of the Wnt1 signaling pathway.

Purpose To predict the 2015 American thyroid association(ATA)recurrence risk stratification based on ultrasonographic features and Hashimoto's thyroiditis(HT)-specific antibody status of papillary thyroid carcinoma(PTC)in the context of HT.Materials and Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on the ultrasonographic and clinical data of 479 patients with coexisting PTC and HT,who underwent their first thyroid surgery at the First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital from January 2017 to December 2019.All patients were divided in chronological order into a training group(n=327)and a validation group(n=152).Multivariate Logistic regression analysis was utilized to identify independent factors associated with high recurrence risk stratification according to the ATA guidelines.Predictive models were constructed and screened,and the efficacy of these models was evaluated using the area under the curve,calibration curves and Brier scores.Results Multivariate Logistic regression analysis identified the following as independent predictive factors for high recurrence risk stratification:multifocal malignancy of nodules(OR=3.812,95％CI 1.275-11.397,P=0.017),nodule contact with the capsule(OR=8.012,95％CI 1.647-38.972,P=0.010),microcalcifications(OR=4.220,95％CI 1.302-13.678,P=0.016),an aspect ratio＞1(OR=4.017,95％CI 1.286-12.548,P=0.017),abundant nodule vascularity(OR=6.120,95％CI 2.225-16.832,P＜0.001),maximum nodule diameter ≥1 cm(OR=4.784,95％CI 1.360-16.833,P=0.015),a glandular echo characteristic of typical HT(OR=0.114,95％CI 0.039-0.330,P＜0.001),and anti-thyroid peroxidase antibody monopositivity(OR=0.088,95％CI 0.006-1.299,P=0.077).The predictive model demonstrated strong performance,as evidenced by the area under the curve of 0.942(95％CI 0.911-0.972)in the training set and 0.933(95％CI 0.878-0.990)in the validation set.Both groups exhibited well-fitting calibration curves.The Brier scores were 0.054 and 0.058 for the training and validation sets,respectively,indicating excellent predictive efficacy of the model.Conclusion The preoperative prediction model,based on ultrasonographic features combined with antibody status,demonstrates good efficacy in assessing ATA recurrence risk stratification for coexisting PTC and HT patients,which can assist clinicians in formulating treatment plans.

Graphene family nanomaterials(GFNs)are highly popular in the field of bone tissue engineering because of their excellent mechanical properties,biocompatibility,and ability to promote the osteogenic differentiation of stem cells.GFNs play a multifaceted role in promoting the bone regeneration microenvironment.First,GFNs activate the ad-hesion kinase/extracellularly regulated protein kinase(FAK/ERK)signaling pathway through their own micromorphology and promote the expression of osteogenesis-related genes.Second,GFNs adapt to the mechanical strength of bone tis-sue,which helps to maintain osseointegration;by adjusting the stiffness of the extracellular matrix,they transmit the me-chanical signals of the matrix to the intracellular space with the help of focal adhesions(FAs),thus creating a favorable physiochemical microenvironment.Moreover,they regulate the immune microenvironment at the site of bone defects,thus directing the polarization of macrophages to the M2 type and influencing the secretion of relevant cytokines.GFNs also act as slow-release carriers of bioactive molecules with both angiogenic and antibacterial abilities,thus accelerating the repair process of bone defects.Multiple types of GFNs regulate the bone regeneration microenvironment,including scaffold materials,hydrogels,biofilms,and implantable coatings.Although GFNs have attracted much attention in the field of bone tissue engineering,their application in bone tissue regeneration is still in the basic experimental stage.To promote the clinical application of GFNs,there is a need to provide more sufficient evidence of their biocompatibility,elucidate the mechanism by which they induce the osteogenic differentiation of stem cells,and develop more effective form of applications.