Humans ; Lung ; Lung Diseases ; rehabilitation ; Pneumoconiosis ; rehabilitation ; Respiratory Therapy

Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Sturge-Weber Syndrome

In this study, 38 experimental subjects of diabetes mellitus were given pectin 25g extra per day orally under carefully controlled dietary plan for six weeks. Another 38 cases were selected at random as control group.Pre- and posttreatrnent, blood and urine sugar and serum insulin of each subject were measured and compared. The results were: 1) the blood sugar dropped markedly as compared with that of pretreatment (p05). 2) sugar in urine decreased evidently in contrast with control group, but no difference was seen in the volume of urine between the two groups. 3) serum insulin levels dropped significantly when compared with control group (p

Rhino-orbito-cerebral mucormycosis (ROCM) is an acute, rapidly progressive, and lethal opportunistic fungal disease. Due to the atypical clinical manifestations, the disease is easily misdiagnosed in the early stage. The patients with ROCM associated cerebrovascular complications generally have a high mortality rate. This article reports a 47-year-old female patient with diabetic ketoacidosis and COVID-19 admitted to Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University. The results of radiological examinations and cerebrospinal fluid metagenomic next-generation sequencing confirmed as Rhizopus oryzae associated ROCM. In spite of receiving amphotericin B colloidal dispersion and isavuconazole treatments, the patient died of ROCM complicated with severe cerebral infarctions and pulmonary infection. The purpose of this case report is to summarize the clinical characteristics of ROCM with cerebrovascular ischemic events and the rare condition of bilateral anterior circulation involvements, and introduce recent diagnostic and therapeutic approaches for this disease.

Objective To evaluate the accuracy of changing rate of the left ventricular outflow tract velocity time integral (△VTI) in predicting fluid responsiveness in septic patients.Methods Twenty patients diagnosed with sepsis or septic shock and received mechanical ventilation,aged more than or equal to 18 yr,in whom the ventilation mode was SIMV plus VC,were enrolled in this study.The left ventricular outflow tract VTI,stroke volume (SV) and cardiac output (CO) were measured using ultrasound.Sodium potassium magnesium calcium and glucose injection 100 ml was intravenously infused over 1 min,ultrasound measurement was completed within 1 min,and then Sodium potassium magnesium calcium and glucose injection 400 ml was intravenously infused over 14 min.Fluid responsiveness was defined as increase in SV or CO more than 15％ after infusion of 500 ml colloid solution,and then the patients were divided into responsiveness group and non-responsiveness group.△VTI,△SV and △CO were calculated after fluid replacement with 100 ml solution.The receiver operating characteristic curve was used to assess the accuracy of △VTI,△SV and △CO in predicting fluid responsiveness.Results The areas under the receiver operating characteristic curve of △VTI,△SV and △CO were 0.95,0.91 and 0.88,respectively.When △ VTI ≥ 10％ was used as the cut-off point,the sensitivity and specificity of △VTI in predicting fluid responsiveness was 90％ and 80％,respectively.Conclusion △VTI can accurately predict the fluid responsiveness in septic patients.

Middle cerebral artery dissection is an uncommon cause of ischemic stroke in young adults, which is extremely rare in the case that it occurs in HIV-infected patients. This article reported a 26-year-old acute cerebral infarction patient with HIV antigen/antibody-positive who started with capsular warning syndrome and progressed to right basal ganglia cerebral infarction. The high-resolution vessel wall imaging showed the characteristic findings of middle cerebral artery dissection including "double luminal" and "intimal flap" signs. The coexistence of HIV-associated vasculopathy and hypertension with high blood pressure variability contributed to the occurrence of middle cerebral artery dissection in the patient. Combined with literature reports, this paper will further explore the relationship between HIV infection and cerebrovascular disease and the possible mechanism of middle cerebral artery dissection.

BACKGROUND:Steroid-induced osteonecrosis of the femoral head is a refractory disease in the field of orthopedics.There is no definitive idea to fully explain its pathogenesis.With the increased research on the active ingredients of Panax notoginseng interfering with the signaling pathways related to various diseases,the active ingredients of Panax notoginseng that treat steroid-induced necrosis of the femoral head via the regulation of relevant signaling pathways have gradually become a hot research topic. OBJECTIVE:To systematically summarize the literature on the pathological mechanism of steroid-induced osteonecrosis of the femoral head and the regulation of signaling pathways by the active ingredients of Panax notoginseng in recent years,thereby providing a reference for the follow-up study on the active ingredients of Panax notoginseng in the treatment of this disease. METHODS:CNKI,WanFang,and PubMed were searched for relevant literature with the key words of"glucocorticoid,steroid-induced osteonecrosis of the femoral head,pathological mechanism,signaling pathway,Panax notoginseng,active ingredient"in Chinese and English.Documents related to the pathological mechanism of steroid-induced osteonecrosis of the femoral head as well as related to the intervention of active ingredients of Panax notoginseng on the signaling pathway of steroid-induced osteonecrosis of the femoral head were retrieved.A total of 63 documents were finally included according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The main ingredients of Panax notoginseng include Panax notoginseng saponins,ginsenoside,Panax notoginseng saponins,quercetin,kaempferol,etc.Panax notoginseng saponins,ginsenoside Rb1 and quercetin can promote bone repair and angiogenesis by acting on the transforming growth factor-β/bone morphogenetic protein pathway.Panax notoginseng saponins,ginsenoside CK and kaempferol can promote osteogenic differentiation and lipid metabolism by acting on the Wnt/β-catenin pathway.Panax notoginseng saponins and Panax notoginseng saponins R1/R2 act on the MAPK pathway to inhibit osteoclastogenesis and promote bone repair.Panax notoginseng saponins,ginsenoside Rb2 and quercetin can inhibit osteoclast proliferation and promote osteoblastic differentiation by acting on the RANKL/RANK/OPG pathway.Panax notoginseng saponins,quercetin and kaempferol can repair vascular injury and promote osteogenesis by acting on the hypoxia-inducible factor-1α pathway.Panax notoginseng saponins R1,quercetin combined with hydroxyapatite nanoparticles,Panax notoginseng saponins combined with polyethylene-L-lactic acid and other biomaterials have good research prospects in the treatment of steroid-induced osteonecrosis of the femoral head.The active ingredients of Panax notoginseng can regulate the signaling pathways related to steroid-induced osteonecrosis of the femoral head through various mechanisms,and play an active intervention role in the disease.However,the depth and breadth of relevant research are insufficient at present,and the future research should be based on the existing mechanism to explore the specific mechanism of Panax notoginseng regulating different pathways and the interaction between pathways,which will be beneficial to the multi-development of the active ingredients of Panax notoginseng in the treatment of steroid-induced osteonecrosis of the femoral head.

To investigate the value of injecting a small amount of absolute ethanol into the benign solid nodules of the thyroid before radiofrequency ablation(RFA)to improve the efficiency of radiofrequency ablation. A total of 98 eligible patients(98 nodules)with pathologically confirmed benign solid nodules who were treated in our center from December 2016 to February 2018 were included and randomized into ethanol ablation(EA)combined with radiofrequency ablation(RFA)group(EA+RFA group)and RFA group,with 49 patients in each group.Routine ultrasound,contrast-enhanced ultrasound(CEUS),and thyroid function test were performed before treatment and 1,3,6,and 12 months after treatment.The general information,treatment time,ablation energy,ablation power,postoperative nodule volume reduction ratio(VRR),symptom score(SS)and cosmetic score(CS),thyroid function level,and incidence of complications were compared between these two groups. The mean treatment time [(441.30±243.31)s (790.70±349.82)s;= 4.403, =0.000],mean ablation energy [(3.92±2.01)kJ (5.15±2.12)kJ;=2.709, =0.009],and mean ablation power [(6.07±1.44)W (7.30±1.29)W;=3.612, =0.006] were significantly lower in the EA+RFA group than in the RFA group.At 3,6 and 12 months after surgery,the VRR in the EA+RFA group was(57.73±11.07)%(=-3.16, <0.001),(64.40±10.56)%(=-5.45, <0.001),and(77.29±8.48)%(=-10.46, <0.001),respectively;the VRR in the RFA group was(55.44±13.01)%(=-1.76, <0.001),(65.28±11.33)%(=-5.09, <0.001),and(75.17±9.84)%(=-8.93, <0.001),which were significantly smaller than those before surgery.There was no significant difference in VRR between the EA+RFA group and the RFA group at 1(=3.41, =0.33),3(=2.05, =0.21),6(=2.77, =0.49),and 12 months(=5.05, =0.10)after treatment.During the follow-up,no recurrence of nodules was observed on CEUS.In the EA+RFA group,the SS [(1.77±0.86).(5.54±2.15);=9.63, <0.001] and the CS[(1.39±0.77).(3.32±0.61);=10.09, =0.004]at 12 months after surgery were significantly lower than those before surgery.In the RFA group,SS [(1.63±1.04).(5.90±1.79);=12.72, <0.001] and CS [(1.64±0.83).(3.15±0.72);=8.13, =0.012] at 12 months after surgery were also significantly lower than those before surgery.The CSS in the EA+RFA group was significantly lower than that in the RFA group [(0.93±0.55).(2.44±0.53);=-11.70, =0.007].Both groups had no significant change in thyroid function during the follow-up period,and no serious complications were observed. Anhydrous alcohol injection can effectively improve the efficiency of radiofrequency ablation in treating benign solid thyroid nodules and is effective in reducing nodule volume,alleviating compressive symptoms,and decreasing cosmetic discomfort.
Catheter Ablation ; Ethanol ; Humans ; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local ; Prospective Studies ; Thyroid Nodule ; Treatment Outcome