Adult ; Ataxin-1 ; Ataxins ; Female ; Humans ; Mutation ; Nerve Tissue Proteins ; genetics ; Nuclear Proteins ; genetics ; Spinocerebellar Ataxias ; genetics ; Trinucleotide Repeats

Objective To observe the operation of Nav1.6 voltage-gated sodium channels in rats with acute cerebral injury after electroacupuncture therapy and investigate the mechanism.Methods Male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into an ischemia control group (IC,n =48),an electroacupuncture group (ET,n =48),a nimodipine therapy group (NT,n =48) and a sham operation group (SO,n =24),and were treated accordingly.A model of acute cerebral ischemia was induced by occlusion of the right middle cerebral artery using the suture method.The expression of Nav1.6,the concentration of Ca2+ and infarct volume were observed at 6 h,1 d,2 d and 3 d after ischemia with the real-time quantitative fluorescence PCR,immunofluorescence and 2,3,5-triphenyl tetrazolium chloride methods,respectively.Results The Joshua score for neural function was zero in the sham operation group,and increased gradually in the three other groups 6 h and1 and 2 d after ischemia.The average Joshua score 3 d after ischemia was significantly lower than 1 d earlier in each group.In the ET group the expression of Nav1.6 was significantly upregulated at first,followed by a significant decrease.The concentration of Ca2+ behaved similarly.However,no significant changes were observed in the infarction volume percentage.At 3 d after ischemia the expression of Nav 1.6,the Joshua grades,the Ca2+ concentrations and the infarction volume percentage were all significantly lower in the ET group compared with the IC,NT and SO groups.Conclusion Electroacupuncture therapy after acute cerebral ischemia can inhibit the expression of Navl.6,reduced Na + inflow and calcium overload,and mitigate acute cerebral ischemic injury,at least in rats.The protective effect may be attributed to inhibiting the expression of Nav 1.6.

Objective To investigate the metabolite changes in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients with and without neuropsychiatric symptoms using magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) and explore the associations between image findings and clinical variables. Methods Twenty-two SLE patients with neuropsychiatric symptoms (NPSLE), twenty-one SLE patients without neuropsychiatric symptoms (non-NPSLE) and twenty healthy controls (HCs) underwent routine MRI scan and multivoxel magnetic reson-ance spectroscopy (MVS). The absolute metabolite concentrations were measured bilaterally in the posterior cingulate gyrus (PCG), dorsal thalamus (DT), lentiform nucleus (LN) and posterior paratrigonal white matter (PWM) using LCModel and SAGE software. The relationships between metabolite con-centrations and cognitive function scores were analyzed by Spearman rank correlation. Single-factor Chi-square analysis and t-test were used for analysis. Results ① Compared to control subjects, NPSLE patients had significantly lower N-acetylaspartate (NAA) values in bilateral PCG and DT, with the mean differences of -1.504 [95% confidence interval ( CI) (-2.335, -0.672), P=0.001], -1.460 [95%CI (-2.349, -0.570), P=0.002], -1.259 [95%CI (-1.894, -0.625), P=0.000] and -1.022[95%CI (-1.688, -0.356), P=0.003] for RPCG, LPCG, RDT and LDT, respectively. The concentration of total creatinine were observed to decline in RPCG and RDT, with the mean differences of-1.094 [95%CI (-1.845, -0.342), P=0.003], -0.955 [95%CI (-1.630, -0.280), P=0.006], -1.259 [95%CI (-1.894,-0.625), P=0.006] respectively. Glutamine and glutamate-values decreased significantly in RDT [mean difference=-2.586, 95%CI (-4.139, -1.033), P=0.002]. ② Compared to non-NPSLE patients, NPSLE patients had a lower NAA level in LPCG [mean difference=-1.256, 95%CI (-2.146, -0.367), P=0.006]. Positive correlations between mini-mental state examination scores [RPCG: rs=0.312, P<0.05; LPCG: rs=0.355, P<0.01], Montreal cognitive assessment scores (RPCG: rs=0.362, P<0.01; LPCG: rs=0.285, P<0.05) and NAA values in bilateral PCG were detected. Conclusion Both NPSLE and non-NPSLE patients may have metabolite dysfun-ctions in different brain regions. The cognitive disorder in SLE patients may be interpreted by neuronic damage of PCG.

Objective To investigate the expressions of Th17, CD4 +CD25 +Treg, HLA-DR mRNA in peripheral blood of children with EV71-induced hand, foot and mouth diseases ( HFMD ) and their clinical significance.Methods Stratified random sampling was used to select 60 children with HFMDs from Liaocheng People’s Hospital from February to October, 2014, including 20 mild, 20 severe and 20 critically ill cases.Twenty healthy children were also enrolled as the control group.All the children with HFMDs were given ribavirin (10 mg/kg) for the treatment.The percentages of Th17 and CD4 +CD25 +Treg cells in CD4 +T cells of peripheral blood were determined by flow cytometry, and the expression of HLA-DR mRNA in peripheral blood mononuclear cells was detected by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction ( RT-PCR).Analysis of variance and SNK-q test were used to compare the expressions of Th17, CD4 +CD25 +Treg and HLA-DR mRNA among groups, and Pearson correlation analysis was performed to reveal the correlations between HLA-DR mRNA and Th17, CD4 +CD25 +Treg.Results Compared with the control group, the expression of Th17 was increased, while CD4 +CD25+Treg and HLA-DR mRNA expressions were decreased in children with HFMDs on d1 of treatment (F=310.4, 81.5 and 545.4, P<0.01).After treatment, Th17 levels in mild group, severe group and surviving children of critically ill group were decreased, CD4 +CD25 +Treg and HLA-DR mRNA expressions were increased, while in fatal cases, Th17 level was still on the rise, and CD4 +CD25+Treg and HLA-DR mRNA expressions were still decreasing. After 10 d of treatment, the difference in Th17 and CD4 +CD25 +Treg levels among mild group, severe group, surviving children of critically ill group and control group was of no statistical significance ( P >0.05), but Th17 level in fatal was still higher and CD4 +CD25 +Treg level was still lower than those in control group (t=16.4 and 12.0, P<0.05).After 10 d of treatment, HLA-DR mRNA expressions in mild group and severe group were increased to the normal level.HLA-DR mRNA expression in surviving patients of critical ill group was still lower than that in mild group and severe group (P<0.05), but was higher than that in fatal patients (t=7.8, P<0.05).Pearson correlation analysis showed that, HLA-DR mRNA was negatively correlated with Th17 level (r=-0.770, P<0.01), and positively correlated with CD4 +CD25 +Treg level (r=0.883, P<0.01).Conclusion The expressions of Th17, CD4 +CD25 +Treg cells, and HLA-DR mRNA are correlated with the severity of HFMD, and may be used for evaluation of disease severity and prediction of disease outcomes.

Objective:Detecting serum IL-37 concentrations and HBeAg seroconversion in chronic hepatitis B virus(HBV) patients during the treatment of telbivudine( LDT).Methods:Fifty patients with chronic hepatitis B were included in the study;and 20 healthy people were selected as the control group.The expression levels of interleukin ( IL)-37, IL-6 and CRP were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.As the same time,the relationship between serum IL-37 concentrations and HBeAg seroconversion was dynamically observed at 0 w,12 w,24 w,36 w,48 w after treatment.Results:The serum levels of IL-37 in chronic HBV patients were higher than the control group at baseline(q=22.716,P<0.01).The serum levels of IL-37 were decreased in HBeAg seroconverted CHB patients(t=-19.480,P<0.001).The levels of IL-37 were positively correlated with ALT,IL-6 and CRP(r were 0.697,0.725, 0.895,respectively;all P<0.001).The levels of IL-37 and HBV DNA was no correlation(r=0.136,P>0.05).Conclusion:IL-37 may be involved in the process of HBV infection in CHB patients,and can reflect the degree of liver’ s inflammatory damage.IL-37 may play a significant role in the immune response of CHB patients with HBeAg seroconversion.In future,IL-37 may be an effective therapeutic measure to HBV infection.

An experimental model of rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) in rabbits was established to simulate the pathophysiologic condition of human RRD. 24 rabbits were randomly divided into 3 groups and underwent vitrectomy with a vitrector and/or retinotomy with a Charles flute needle, with 12 in group I (vitrectomy and retinotomy), 7 in group I (retinotomy) and 5 in group III (vitrectomy). All animals underwent follow-up examinations with direct and indirect ophthalmoscopy and fundus photography 12 h and day 1, 3, 5, 7, 10, 14, 21, and 28 after the procedure(s). Retinal changes were recorded. As a result, 10 RRDs were successfully established in group I. Direct and indirect ophthalmoscopy and fundus photography demonstrated typical features of RRD. No RRD developed in group II and III. It was concluded that the experimental rhegmatogenous retinal detachment produced in a rabbit model after vitrectomy with retinotomy in this study was a convenient and reliable one. This RRD model mimicked the typical pathophysiological changes in humans.
*Disease Models, Animal ; Random Allocation ; Retina/surgery ; *Retinal Detachment ; Vitrectomy

CD4 count is the standard method for determining eligibility for highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) and monitoring HIV/AIDS disease progression, but it is not widely available in resource-limited settings. This study examined the correlation between total lymphocyte count (TLC) and CD4 count of HIV-infected patients before and after HAART, and assessed the thresholds of TLC for making decisions about the initiation and for monitoring HAART. A retrospective study was performed, and 665 HIV-infected patients with TLC and CD4 count from four counties (Shangcai, Queshan, Shenqiu and Weishi) were included in the study. Pearson correlation and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) were used. TLC and CD4 count after HAART was significantly increased as compared with pre-HAART (P<0.01). An overall positive correlation was noted between TLC and CD4 count (pre-HAART, r=0.73, P=0.0001; follow-up HAART, r=0.56, P=0.0001). The ROC curve between TLC and CD4 count showed that TLC ≤ 1200 cells/mm(3) could predict CD4 < 200 cells/mm(3) with a sensitivity of 71.12%, specificity of 66.35% at pre-HAART. After 12-month HAART, the optimum prediction for CD4 count < 200 cells/mm3 was a TLC ≤ 1300 cells/mm(3), with a sensitivity of 63.27%, and a specificity of 74.84%. Further finding indicated that TLC change was positively correlated to CD4 change (r=0.77, P=0.0001) at the time point of 12-month treatment, and the best prediction point of TLC change for CD4 increasing was 135 cells/mm(3). TLC and its change can be used as a surrogate marker for CD4 count and its change of HIV-infected individuals for making decisions about the initiation and for monitoring HAART in resource-limited settings.

Objective To investigate the changes of C- reactive protein( CRP ) and homocysteine ( Hcy)in the type 2 diabetes with depression,and its clinical significance and potential mechanism. Methods One hundred and twenty-four cases with type 2 diabetes were divided into the depression group(63 cases)and non-depression group( 61 cases ) according to the Self-Rating Depression Scale and verified by Self-Rating Anxiety Scale. The information including age,sex,education degree,body mass index,course of disease and the number of complications were recorded. The levels of CRP,Hcy,fasting plasma glucose( FPG ),glycosylated hemoglobin(HbA1c)and blood lipid were measured. The depression group was divided into mild,medium and heavy group to compared the changes of Hcy and CRP. Results The levels of Hcy,HbA1c and the number of complications in depression group were 11. 5( 8. 6,15. 6 )μmol/L,( 10. 13 ± 2. 17 )%,and 2( 1,3 ) respectively,higher than that of non-depression group(8. 6(7. 4,11. 2)μmol/L,(9. 33 ± 2. 20)%,1(0,2)), while the education degree of depression group((9. 75 ± 3. 36)years)was lower than that of non-depression group((11. 56 ± 3. 73)years),and the differences were significant( t/Z = -3. 537,0. 952,-2. 339,0. 228 respectively;P ﹤0. 05). The levels of Hcy in mild,medium and heavy depression group were(8. 75(7. 45, 10. 45)μmol/L,12. 2(8. 90,14. 40)μmol/L,19. 50(14. 33,28. 03)μmol/L respectively and the difference was significant(F =25. 963,P =0. 000). No significance difference was found in terms of CRP level(2. 35 (1. 10,4. 92)mg/L,3. 25(1. 11,5. 68)mg/L,2. 32(1. 27,5. 41)mg/L;F=0. 194,P=0. 907). There was significant correlation between depression scores and Hcy( r=0. 615,P=0. 000). Conclusion Type 2 diabetes with depression is associated with the level of blood glucose,education degree and the course of disease. Hcy,not CRP is an independent risk factor of type 2 diabetes with depression.

Objective To investigate the correlation between TCF7L2 gene rs3814570 polymorphisms with type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM) in Uygur population of Xinjiang area.Methods By adopting the case-control study design,949 cases of T2DM were recruited as the observation group and 963 individuals Undergoing healthy physical examination were selected as the control group.The TCF7L2 gene polymorphism was detected by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization-time of flight(MALDI-TOF).Results The statistical differences in frequencies of CC,CT and TT genotypes and the C and T allele frequencies on TCF7L2 rs3814570 were found between the T2DM group and control group(P＜0.05).The risk of suffering from T2DM in the carriers of CT genotype was 0.331 times of that in the carriers of CC genotype(OR =0.331,95 ％ CI:0.166-0.661,P =0.002),the risk of suffering from T2DM in the carriers of TT genotype was 0.539 times of that in the carriers of CC genotype(OR=0.539,95％CI:0.348-0.834,P=0.005),and the risk of suffering from T2DM in the carriers of T allele was 0.501 times of that in the carriers of C allele(OR=0.501,95 ％ CI:0.377-0.664,P＜ 0.01).Among all subjects,the FPG level of the CT + TT genotype group on TCF7L2 gene rs3814570 locus was significantly lower than that of the CC genotype group(P＜0.05).Conclusion The rs3814570 locus in TCF7L2 gene may be associated with T2DM occurrence in Uygur population of Xinjiang area,the T allele and TT genotype might be protective factors of T2DM.

AIM: To investigate whether rs7903146 polymorphisms in transcription factor 7-like 2 (TCF7L2) gene are associated with susceptibility to type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in Chinese Uygur population.METHODS: In this case-control study, 935 cases of T2DM patients were recruited in T2DM group, and 971 healthy examination individuals were selected as normal control.The TCF7L2 gene polymorphism was detected by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrum.RESULTS: Significant differences in the frequencies of CC, CT and TT genotypes and the frequencies of C and T alleles on TCF7L2 rs7903146 were found between T2DM group and control group(P<0.05).As compared with C allele, the patients with T allele had a significantly higher risk of T2DM with OR of 1.190 (95% CI: 1.034~1.371).As compared with CC genotype, the patients with CT genotype had a significantly higher risk of T2DM with OR of 1.374 (95% CI: 1.122~1.683), and the patients with CT+TT genotype had a significantly higher risk of T2DM with OR of 1.307 (95% CI: 1.090~1.567).The levels of fasting plasma glucose, serum creatinine and blood urea nitrogen were higher in all participants with CT+TT genotype of rs7903146 than those with CC genotype, which showed a significant difference (P<0.05).CONCLUSION: The polymorphisms of rs7903146 in TCF7L2 gene may be associated with T2DM in Uygur population from Xinjiang region.The T allele and CT genotype of rs7903146 are the risk factors for T2DM.