Objective To investigate the diagnostic value and safety of thoracoscopy routine pleural biopsy combined with frozen biopsy for pleural effusion. Methods A retrospective analysis was made on the pathological diagnosis rate of pleural effusion. Results 120 cases in thoracoscopy, 103 cases were confirmed with routine biopsy specimens (85.8%), 16 cases found in the lesions with conventional clamp not satisfactory tissue specimens, combined with frozen cut obtained satisfactory specimens, the diagnostic accuracy rate of 16 cases of cryobiopsy was 100.0%, and the total diagnostic accuracy rate of medical thoracoscopy combined with pleural biopsy and cryobiopsy was 95.0%. There was significant difference between conventional biopsy and cryobiopsy (P < 0.05). Conclusion Medical thoracoscopy combined with pleural biopsy and cryobiopsy can achieve a higher rate of pathological diagnosis, and the complications are mild, so it is worthy of clinical promoting.

Objective To discuss combined detection of pleural biopsy under medical thoracoscopy and pulmonary serum tumor markers in diagnosis of pleural effusion with unknown reason.Methods 76 patients with pleural effusion caused by unknown reason from January 2014 to March 2016 were retrospectively analyzed. Pleural biopsy was conducted under medical thoracoscopy and sent for pathological examination, and 10 ml venous blood was collected from these patients upon admission for testing serum tumor markers (CEA, SCC-AG, ProGRP and CYFRA21-1).Results Among the 76 patients, there were 32 cases with benign lesions (14 with pulmonary tuberculosis, 9 with inlfammatory lesions, 6 with granulomatous inlfammation, 2 with empyema and 1 with hamartoma) and 44 cases with malignant lesions (18 with adenocarcinoma, 13 with squamous carcinoma, 6 with small cell lung cancer, 3 with adeno-squamous carcinoma, 2 with mesothelioma, 1 with large cell carcinoma and 1 with thymoma). The detection of serum tumor markers showed statistically significant differences in the levels of CEA, SCC-AG, ProGRP and CYFRA21-1 in serum between the malignant pleural effusion group and benign pleural effusion group (P = 0.021,P = 0.006,P = 0.003 andP = 0.010). The levels of various serum tumor markers in the malignant pleural effusion group were obviously higher than those in the benign pleural effusion group. According to the pathological results, patients with pleural effusions not caused by lung cancer (2 with mesothelioma and 1 with thymoma) were eliminated from 44 patients with malignant pleural effusions. The rest 41 patients with pleural effusions caused by lung cancer were divided into non-small cell lung cancer and small cell lung cancer according to the pathological types. The results showed that there were statistically signiifcant differences in the levels of CEA, ProGRP and CYFRA21-1 between non-small cell lung cancer and small cell lung cancer (P = 0.036,P = 0.005 andP = 0.008), while there was no statistically signiifcant difference in the level of SCC-AG (P = 0.811).Conclusions Due to high detection rate and high accuracy in detecting pleural effusions caused by unknown reason, medical thoracoscopy is of great signiifcance, especially for the diagnosis of malignant pleural effusions of pleural metastases. However, serum indicators may provide important reference values for us before the pathological results are available. Thus, it is an important means of diagnosing malignant pleural effusions caused by lung cancer and should be promoted in clinic.

Objective To construct the multiple antigenic peptide (MAP) gene and E. coli ex-pression system, based on the out membrane protein OmpL1, LipL21 and LipL32 from Leptospira interro-gans, and better understanding of the immunological activity of the recombinant protein. Methods Using MI3KE display and Western blot, the advantage epitopes of OmpL1, LipL21 and LipL32 were identified and used to synthesize a new gene, then its prokaryotic expression system was constructed. The expression of re-combinant protein was determined by SDS-PAGE. The immunity activity of the recombinant protein was iden-tified by Western blot and ELISA. Results The synthetic gene was effectively expressed in E. coli and mainly presented in soluble form. The expression protein could react with the antileptospirosis antibodies in rabbit and human sera, which contained different serogroups. Conclusion The recombinant MAP gene of leptospires was successfully constructedand and expressed in E. coli. The recombinant protein had a good immune activity, and could cross-reacted with antileptospirosis antibodies from different serogroups.

This paper was to explore the relationship between plasma omentin and obesity and insulin resistance in patients of polycystic ovary syndrome(PCOS).The results showed that there were statistically significant differences in serum omentin levels among control group,PCOS-normal weight group,and PCOS-overweight group [(115.29 ± 33.92),(111.12 ± 34.50),and (42.85 ± 19.39) pg/ml,P＜ 0.05].Omentin were negatively correlated with homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance(HOMA-IR) and body mass index(BMI).In the multiple stepwise regression analysis,only omentin was negatively correlated with BMI.Omentin may be involved in the development of PCOS by affecting obesity.

Objective To better understand the knowledge, attitudes, practice (KAP) status and relative demand to post abortion family planning service (PAFPS) in medical staffs of obstetrics and gynecology department in Tianjin. Meth?ods By using random, stratified and clustered sampling approach, 290 obstetrics and gynecology personnels in Tianjin were selected. A Self-Administered Questionnaire on PAFPS KAP was employed to survey the general characteristics, aware?ness of PAFPS knowledge, attitudes to PAFPS and the occurrence of unintended pregnancy themselves, and service capabili?ties of PAFPS and request of continuing education. Results The respondents showed defects in PAFPS forms, follow-up ar?rangements and contraceptive method after abortion. The average knowledge score was higher in tertiary medical institution than that of secondary medical institutions. The score was higher in clinical doctors than that of nurses, and the higher the ti?tle, the higher the score. The 95.34%of respondents believed that it was necessary to develop PAFPS widely. But 93.55%of respondents thought that it can be difficult to carry out PAFPS as being required because of unclear service process, shortage of funds, human resource constraints, inadequate facilities and weak sense of services. The 53.36%of respondents, who had sexual life history, occurred unintended pregnancy themselves. The current defects of PAFPS were no standardized service processes, missing of medium-term and long-term follow-up, missing of collective consulting, providing contraceptives not timely and hadn′t pay attention to contraceptive advice. There were 90.68%medical personnels showed demand on relative training. Conclusion It′s necessary to perform continuing education about PAFPS to obstetrics and gynecology personnels via different intervention. At the same time, we should increase investment and make the service processes perfectly, so as to improve the level of PAFPS in obstetrics and gynecology medical staffs.

Objective To understand the knowledge, attitude, practice (KAP) status and relative demand to combined oral contraceptives (COCs) in medical staffs of obstetric and gynecological department in Tianjin, providing reference basis for the effective intervention measures. Methods By using random, stratified and clustered sampling approach, we selected 382 medical staffs of obstetric and gynecological department in Tianjin. A self-administered Questionnaire on COCs KAP was employed to survey the general characteristics, awareness of COCs knowledge, attitudes to COCs, service capabilities of contraceptive counseling, prescribing behavior and request of continuing education. Results The respondents showed de?fects in COCs indications, non-contraceptive benefits, relationship with cancer and birth defects. The average knowledge score was higher in doctors than that of nurses. The higher the titles and qualifications, the higher the knowledge score. A to?tal of 90.11%of respondents believed that strengthening the contraceptive guidance can help to reduce pregnancy. Strength?ening the interpretation of misunderstanding (81.04%) and enhancing the treatment and follow-up of adverse reactions (62.09%) can help to reduce stop taking. Only 25.82%of respondents could provide detailed COCs relative consulting servic?es;42.96%of obstetricians and gynecologists refused prescribing COCs for women over the age of 40 for the purpose of con?traception. A total of 93.13%medical personnel showed demand on relative training. Conclusion It’s necessary to perform continuing education to medical staffs via different intervention, so as to improve their cognitive level to COCs, ameliorate COCs relative attitudes and behavior, and help them providing better service to women of childbearing age.

BACKGROUND:Astragaloside Ⅳ is a major component of Huangqi,promoting proliferation and differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells;however,the mechanism has been less reported yet.OBJECTIVE:To explore the effect of Astragaloside Ⅳ on expression of multiple hematopoietic growth factors in bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells.METHODS:Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells were isolated from adult Wistar rats by using the method of adhesive culture and clone,and they were then plated on 96-well plate and separately incubated with 100 uL Astragaloside Ⅳ(25,50,100,200 g/L)for 72 hours.The cells in the control group were cultured with an equal volume of DMEM-LG culture liuquid.Indirect immunofluorescence was used to detect the biological activity,MTT method was used to evaluate the effect of Astragaloside Ⅳ on proliferation and differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells,and RT-PCR method was used to measure the expression of hematopoietic growth factors in bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The 3~(rd)-passage bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells highly expressed CD44 but lowly expressed CD45.As compared with control group,Astragaloside Ⅳ promoted proliferation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells in a time/dosage-dependent manner,in particular,the 200 g/L Astragaloside IV and 72-hour intervention(P＜ 0.05).SCF expression was significantly increased in the drug group compared with control group(P ＜ 0.01);however,TPO,GM-CSF,and TGF-β1 expressions were not changed significantly(P ＞ 0.05).Moreover,interleukin-3 expression was not found in the bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells.Astragaloside Ⅳ promoted in vitro proliferation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells,possibly involving in SCF secretion.

BACKGROUND:In isokinetic testing researches,the effect of sport training on the development of teenager muscle groups is less reported. OBJECTIVE:To assess the muscle strength of shoulder,hip and knee joints in different teenager populations with isokinetic testing system. DESIGN,TIME AND SETTING:The contrast observation was performed at the laboratory of Institute of Physical Education,Hebei Normal University between October and December 2006. PARTICIPANTS:Control group included 30 volunteers without sport training randomly selected from four middle schools in Shijiazhuang,15 male and 15 female;training group included 30 volunteers with sprint training randomly selected from Shijiazhuang Sports School,15 male and 15 female. METHODS:We used Kinitech isokinetic testing system(Kylingk,Austrilia) to test the shoulder,hip and knee joint of the 60 participants according to 3 different angular velocities:60( ?) /s,120(?) /s and 240( ?) /s. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES:Peak torque(PT) values of extensor and flexor groups in shoulder,hip and knee joints. RESULTS:The 60 volunteers were all included in the result analysis. PT values of shoulder joints were bigger in the male training group than in the control group at 60( ?) /s,120( ?) /s and 240( ?) /s(P 0.05) ;PT values of hip joints were bigger in the male training group than in the control group at 60( ?) /s,120( ?) /s and 240( ?) /s(P 0.05) ;PT values of knee joints were bigger in the male and female training group than in the control group at 60( ?) /s,120( ?) /s and 240( ?) /s(P

Objective To study the inhibitory effect of antimicrobial peptide LL-37 on Candida albicans through its ability to promote the secretion of immune factors by vaginal epithelial cells. Methods (1) LL-37 prokaryotic expression vector pET-Duet/LL-37 was constructed and its expression was induced in Escherichia coli M15. The expressed LL-37 fusion protein was purified and identified by western blot. Antifungal activity of the purified protein was initially identified by Kirby-Bauer (K-B) method. (2) Purified LL-37 protein was added to human vaginal epithelial cells co-cultured with Candida, and inhibitory effect on Candida growth was determined by the glucose consumption method. Interferon γ (IFN-γ), interleukin 10 (IL-10) concentration and IFN-γ/IL-10 ratio were measured by ELISA at different time points. Results (1) LL-37 fusion protein was purified to 96% purity at a concentration of 433.92 μg/ml, and was shown to possess anti-fungal activity confirmed by the K-B method. (2) A Candida-vaginal epithelial cells co-culture system was successfully constructed. LL-37 recombinant protein inhibited the growth of Candida with absorbance values significantly higher in the treatment group compared to the control group at all measured time points (12-hour:3.008±0.003 versus 2.967±0.003, 24-hour:2.941±0.003 versus 2.601±0.003, 48-hour:2.893 ± 0.004 versus 2.409 ± 0.003; all P<0.01). Furthermore, the rate of decrease was also much slower compared to the control group. In both control and experimental groups, IFN-γ and IL-10 secretion levels were observed to rise at first peaking at 24 hours and subsequently decrease. For each time period, IFN-γconcentration in the experimental group was significantly higher at 24 hours compared to the control group [(104.00 ± 1.07) versus (85.17 ± 0.28) pg/ml, P<0.01]. In contrast, IL-10 concentrations were significantly lower than the control group at all time points (P<0.01). IFN-γ/IL-10 ratio was also observed to be significantly higher than the control group at all measured time points (P<0.01). Conclusions (1) Recombinant protein LL-37 could significantly inhibit the growth of Candida. (2) By influencing the secretion of immune factors such as IFN-γ, IL-10, etc, recombinant protein LL-37 is able to adjust vaginal epithelial cells local immunity, and enhance resistance to Candida infection.

Aim To investigate the effect of matrine on cytoskeletonof K562 cells. Methods Micropipette aspiration technique was adoptedto investigate the viscoelasticity of K562 cells, while the different ex-pression of cytoskeletal protein gene was analyzed by DNA microar-ray. Results In matrine-treated K562 cells, the viscoelastic propertiesKI, K2 and were decreased significantly from 726 ± 215 to 432 ±67,433 ±119 to 242±31, 72±38 to 50±15 respectively, and the geneexpression of prefoldin and ezrin was much stronger than that of controlcells. Conclusion The strueture and function can be changed in ma-trine-treated K562 cells.