Objective To explore the effectiveness of health risk assessment-based self-health management in individuals at high risk for diabetes.Methods From January 2016 to December 2017,we selected 1200 individuals at high risk for diabetes and divided them into a regular group(n=600)and a management group(n =600)using random number table sampling.The regular group was given regular health education and management,while the management group received intervention targeting high-risk factors.Both groups were under observation for six months and intervention effects in the two groups were compared.Results After intervention,fasting blood glucose,postprandial blood glucose,and glycosylated hemoglobin in the management group were significantly lower than in the regular group (P ＜0.05);Patients in the management group had better self-management than those in the regular group at strict diet control (90.0％ vs.76.3％),strict medication compliance (86.7％ vs.71.7％),weekly exercise time ＞ 1 h (92.5％ vs.70.0％),and weekly blood glucose measurements ＞3 (89.5％ vs.76.7％) (P ＜0.05);scores on patient satisfaction with intervention were higher in the management group than in the regular group(94.77±4.26 vs.84.65±t7.77,P＜ 0.05).Conclusions Health risk assessment-based self-health management proves to be effective for individuals at high risk for diabetes,with effective control over blood sugar levels as well as improvement in self-management efficacy and patient satisfaction.