Objective To study the status quo of the caring character of baccalaureate nursing students and its related factors.Methods A total of baccalaureate nursing students were recruited from two and three levels of baccalaureate in Nantong district by convenience sampling method and cluster sampling method.The students were investigated with a nurse caring character questionnaire which was developed in the previous study and then an analysis was conducted.Results The caring characters of the nursing baccalaureate students were at the medium level.The caring characters of baccalaureate nursing students were affected by various factors.The linear regression revealed that choosing nursing willingly or not,relationship with familyand sex,among other things had the greatest influence on their caring characters.Conclusions Therefore,importance should be attached to the caring character of baccalaureate students and corresponding guidance and education directed at the various grades should be offered so as to increase their caring characters.

Objective: To establish the quality standard for Yangyinjiangtang Tablet. (Radix Astragali, Cortex Moutan, Rhizoma Polygoni Cuspidati, Radix Puerariae, etc.). Methods: Radix Astragali, Radix Puerareiae, Cortex Moutan and Rhizoma Polygoni Cuspidatiwere by TLC. Puerarin was determined by HPLC. Results: Radix Astragali, Radix Puerareiae, Cortex Moutan and Rhizoma Polygoni Cuspidati could be detected by TLC. Puerarin showed a good linear relationship at a range of 10.0～60.0 ?g, r=0.9996. The average recovery was 99.6%, and RSD was 1.52%, respectively. Conclusion: The method established is simple, feasible and reproducible. This study provided a method for the quality control of Yangyinjiangtang Tablets.

Objective To valuate the effects of Balloon dilatation on shorting the duration of labour. Methods Vaginal-cervical Balloon dilatation were used to dilate the vaginal and cervix in 303 cases of pregnant women (67 cases in latent stage and 236 cases in active stage)in labor. At the same time,284 cases of pregnant women did not use the Balloon dilatation as control. Rusults The length of first stage,second stage and the length of labour were shorter when Balloon dilatation were used in latent phase than those in the control group(7.58,0.53 and 9.27 hours v.s 10.86,1.12 and 12.23 hours) P

Objective To investigate the clinical significance of atrial septal aneurysm(ASA)and the value of echocardiography in detecting ASA. Methods One hundred and fifty-one patients with ASA diagnosed by transthoracic echocardiography(TTE) or transesophageal echocardiography(TEE) were analyzed retrospectively.The patients were divided into two groups:group Ⅰ included 57 patients who had experience of transient ischaemic attack(TIA)or cerebral shock and group Ⅱ included 94 age-and sexmatched patients without those cerebral ischemic event who underwent echocardiography during the same period of time. The following parameters of the ASA were measured:maximal excursion or protrusionbeyond the plane of the atrial septum,direction of protrusion,thickness of the wall,presence of theombi attaching to the wall and other structural abnormalities associated with ASA. Results One hundred and thirty-two of 151 cases(87.42%) located at fossa ovalis of atrial septum. The wall thickness of ASA increased with depth.The extent of bulging and thinkness of wall in group Ⅰ were greater than those in group Ⅱ and more patent foramen ovale(PFO)were observed in group Ⅰ. However,no difference was found in direction of protrusion and incidence of oscillations between the two groups. As to the performance of the two techniques in the evaluation of ASA,TEE showed better result than TTE. Conclusions Echocardiography is a reliable means to detect ASA and its complications. Greater maximal excursion and thicker aneurysm wall of ASA is associated with a higher risk of cerebral ischaemic event.

Objective To observe the influence of Shenkang injection with Irbesartan on urinary albumin excretion rate(UAER)in 24 hours,serum lipid and blood rheology in early diabetic nephropathy.Methods One hundred and fifty normotensive early diabetic nephmpathy were randomly divided into control group,Shenkang injection group and Shenkang injection with Irbesartan group.Three groups were treated with diabetic education,dietary regimen,suitable physical activity and oral anti-hyperglycemic agents till their fasting blood glucose(FBG)was less than 7.0 mmol/L and postprandial blood glucose(PBG)was less than 10.0 mmol/L.The control group was treated with oral anti-hyperglycemic agents or/and insulin.Shenkang injection group was additionally treated with Shenkang solution.Shenkang solution was mixed by Shenkang injection 100 ml,5% glucose 250 ml and insulin 2-3 U.Shenkang solution was intravenously guttaed once a day.Shenkang injection with Irbesartan group was additionally treated with Irbesartan 0.15 g,once a day,taken orally.A course was taken for 3 weeks.The levels of UAER,serum lipid and blood rheology were detected immediately and 9 weeks after treatment.Results In the Shenkang injection group,compared with those before treatment,them were significant difference in UAER (87.44 ±10.06)μg/min vs.(116.55 ± 33.42)μg/min),serum lipid( (4.22 ± 0.70)mmol/L vs.(4.88 ± 0.69 )mmol/L)and blood rheology( (5.77 ±0.53)mPa·s vs.(7.38 ± 0.41)mPa·s)(P ＜ 0.05).In the Shenkang injection with Irbesartan group,compared to those before treatment,there were also significant difference in UAER ( (61.90 ±28.02)μg/min vs.(123.37 ± 29.98)μg/min),serum lipid( (4.00 ± 0.14)mmol/L vs.(4.90 ± 0.12)mmol/L)and blood rheology( (5.11 ±0.41)mPa·s vs.(7.27 ± 0.44)mpa·s)(P ＜ 0.05).Whearas in the control group,no significant difference were found compared with those before treatment.Furthermore,the improvements in the Shenkang injection with Irbesartan group were better than those in the Shenkang injection group(P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions Shenkang injection can reduce UAER,decrease serum lipid and improve renal blood rheology.Iteffectively prevents diabetic nephropathy in earlier period and maybe have synergy with Irbesartan.

Objective To explore application value of blood flow ratio indexes in the diagnosis of Hashimoto's thyroiditis(HT) with different thyroid functions.Methods One hundred and four patients who were diagnosed clinically as HT were enrolled in the study.The patients were classified into three groups according to thyroid functions:the hyperthyroidism group,the hypothyroidism group and the euthyroidism group.Thirty-two volunteers with normal thyroid functions were enrolled as control group.All the cases were examined with ultrasound and five blood flow ratio indexes were calculated automatically.Their differences in the four groups were compared.Results ①Among the five blood flow ratio indexes,three indexes(mean ratio,maxratio and minratio) had significant differences between each two groups(P ＜ 0.001),the other two indexes didn't have any differences among the four groups.②Two receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves on meanratio were drew:a)HT with hyperthyroidism and HT with euthyroidism;b) HT with euthyroidism and HT with hypothyroidism.The cutoff value as a result of the ROC analysis of HT with hyperthyroidism and HT with euthyroidism was 0.235 with the maxim of specificity and sensitivity.The cutoff value of HT with euthyroidism and HT with hypothyroidism was 0.113 with the maxim of specificity and sensitivity.Both Bland-Altamn scatter diagrams and high intraclass correlation coefficient(ICC) showed that blood flow ratio indexes have high repeatability.Conclusions Blood flow ratio indexes are promising quantitative indexes in reflecting the vascularity of thyroid parenchyma,and they are helpful in the differential diagnosis of HT with different thyroid functions.

Objective Toinvestigatetherelationshipbetweendifferenttypesofinternalwatershed infarctionandtandemstenosesofinternalcarotidartery(ICA).Methods Atotalof55patientswith internal watershed infarction confirmed by head MRI and diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI )examination were enrolled. They all underwent the extracranial internal carotid artery (ICA ) ultrasonography and intracranial cerebral artery MR angiography (MRA)examinations. According to the findings of imaging,the 55 patients with internal watershed infarction were divided into a simple internal watershed infarction (IWSI)group and an internal watershed infarction accompanied with ipsilateral cortical watershed infarction (C-IWSI)group. The relationship between the two types of internal watershed infarction and tandem stenoses of ICA was analyzed. Results (1 ) Of the 55 patients with internal watershed infarction,24 cases (43. 6%)were in the internal watershed infarction group and 31 cases (56. 4%)were in the C-IWSI group. The ipsilateral vascular stenosis were ICA 20 cases (36. 4%,including extracranial segment 11 cases and intracranial segment 17 cases),middle cerebral artery (MCA)44 cases (80. 0%), and tandem stenoses of ICA 15 cases (27. 3%). (2)Ipsilateral tandem stenoses of ICA:2 cases were in the IWSI group (intracranial ICA+MCA 2 cases);13 cases were in the C-IWSI group (extracranial ICA+intracranial ICA +MCA 4 cases,extracranial ICA + intracranial ICA 1 case,extracranial ICA + MCA 2 cases,and intracranial ICA+MCA 6 cases). (3)Compared with the IWSI group,the incidences of ipsilateral ICA stenosis and tandem stenoses of ICA in patients of the C-IWSI group were higher (54. 8%[n=17]vs. 12. 5%[n=3],41. 9%[n=13]vs. 8. 3%[n =2]),and there were significant differences(P =0. 001, 0.006]). The incidences of extracranial and intercranial ICA stenosis were higher than those of the IWSI group (35. 5%[n=11]vs. 0,45. 2%[n=14]vs. 12. 5%[n=3]),and there were significant differences (P=0.003,0.009).Conclusion Inthedifferenttypesofinternalwatershedinfarction,theincidenceof tandem stenoses of ICA is different. The IWSI patients with ipsilateral cortical watershed infarction often accompany by tandem stenoses of ICA.

Objective To observe the therapeutic effect of Shenluo'an Decoction(SD) for the treatment of obese patients with early diabetic nephropathy and to explore the possible mechanism.Methods A total of 68 obese patients with early diabetic nephropathy were randomly assigned into control group and treatment group,34 cases in each group.Both groups were given conventional western medicine treatment including lifestyle regulation,dietary control,and medicine for lowering blood pressure,blood glucose and blood lipids.Additionally,the control group was given oral use of Irbesartan,and the treatment group was given oral use of SD combined with Irbesartan.Before and after treatment,we observed the traditional Chinese medical syndrome scores,body mass index(BMI),blood levels of cystatin C (Cys C),β2-microglobumin(β2-MG),homocysteine (Hcy) and fasting blood glucose (FBG),and urine parameters of urinary monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 / urinary creatinine (UMCP-1/UCR),urinary factor of regulated on activation in normal T cell expressed and secreted / urinary creatinine (URANTES/UCR),urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio (UACR) and urinary albumin excretion ratio (UAER) before treatment and after treatment for 16 weeks.After treatment,the clinical efficacy and safety were also evaluated.Results (1) During the treatment,5 cases were dropped out,and a total of 63 cases (32 from the treatment group and 31 from the control group) completed the experiment.(2) The total effective rate of the treatment group(90.6％) was significantly higher than that of the control group(67.7％),the difference being significant(P ＜ 0.05).(3)BMI of the two groups after treatment was significantly lower than that before treatment (P ＜ 0.05).(4) After treatment,the traditional Chinese medical syndrome scores,blood parameters (Cys C,β2-MG,Hcy,FBG) and urine parameters (UMCP-1/UCR,URANTES/UCR,UACR,UAER) in the treatment group were decreased as compared with those before treatment and those in the control group after treatment(P ＜0.05).(5) A positive correlation was present among the parameters of UMCP-1/UCR,URANTES/UCR,UACR and UAER.(6) No abnormal changes took place in the blood and stool routine examination,hepatic function,or electrocardiography of the 63 cases.Conclusion SD combined with western medicine exerts certain therapeutic effect for obese patients with early diabetic nephropathy,and is effective on relieving clinical symptoms anddecreasing BMI,Cys C,β2-MG,UACR,UAER,UMCP-1 and URANTES.Its mechanism is probably related with the inhibition of chronic renal inflammation.

Objective To study the significance of discrimination of scarce cardiac masses by echocardiography. Methods Twenty-nine patients with cardiac masses selected randomly were examined by transthoracic echocardiography and transesophageal echocardiography to observe their shape, internal echo, margins, membrane and blood flow. Results Twenty-three patients in twenty-nine cases were confirmed by surgery and pathology including eight benign masses and fifteen malignant masses, but the other six patients with metastasis carcinoma had no pathologic results. Eighteen patients got correct diagnosis, nine patients weren′t diagnosed in character and two patients were made a wrong diagnosis. Conclusions Echocardiography is the only noninvasive method which can provide reliable evidences for clinic before surgery to discriminate scarce cardiac masses.

OBJECTIVE To investigate the choise of operation approach for chronic otitis media surgery. METHODS Auditory and high resolution computed tomography (HRCT) assessment were carried out prior to the operation in 160 ears with otitis media. Tympanoplasty or mastoidectomy and tympanoplasty were performed. RESULTS Thirty-one patients received tympanoplasty and 129 patients received mastoidectomy and tympanoplasty. Closed and opened surgery were performed in 49 and 80 cases respectively. The ear-drying time ranged from 7 to 51days with an average of 23 days. Mean hearing increased by 15dB. CONCLUSION Assessing the HRCT scan prior to the surgery can help us choose a reasonable approach in chronic otitis media surgery.