Background Insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) participates in the regulation of the biological activity of cells.Researches showed that the serum IGF-1 level is significantly raised in the patients with Graves diseases.Thyroid associated ophthalmopathy (TAO) is one of Graves diseases,and orbital adipose cells are the target cells of thyroid autoantigens.However,whether IGF-1 is associated with TAO is still unclear.Objective This study was to investigate the expressions of IGF-1 in both circulating blood and orbital adipose tissue in TAO patients.Methods A retrospective cohort study was performed.Eighty-six TAO patients were enrolled in West China Hospital of Sichuan University from August 2009 to February 2014.According to the clinical activity score criteria(CAS) ,the patients were divided into active stage (CAS ≥ 4,35 patients) and inactive stage (CAS ＜4,51 patients).Eighty-six health adult persons were enrolled as the controls.The periphery blood of 3 ml was collected from each subject to detect the serum IGF-1 level by ELISA.Orbital adipose tissues were obtained during the surgery from 35 TAO patients and 35 patients with benign orbital tumor or orbital adipose prolapse from August 2009 to February 2014.The histopathological examination of orbital adipose tissue was carried out to evaluate the pathological characteristics, and the expression of IGF-1 in orbital adipose tissue was assessed by immunochemistry.This study protocol was approved by Ethic Committee of West China Hospital of Sichuan University, and informed consent was obtained from each subject before entering the cohort.Results The mean serum IGF-1 level was (0.862±0.026)ng/ml in the TAO patients,and that in the normal controls was (0.767 ± 0.480) ng/ml, without significant difference between them (P=0.281).The mean serum IGF-1 level was (0.877±0.355) ng/ml and (0.803±0.031) ng/ml in active stage and inactive stage of patients, respectively, and no significant difference was found between them (P =0.834).IGF-1 expression located in cellular membrane and cytoplasm.The expressing intensity of IGF-1 in orbital adipocytes was significantly enhanced in the TAO patients with the positive rate of 74.29% , and that in the controls was 45.46％ ,showing a statistical difference between the two groups (x2=5.289,P=0.021).Conclusions Serum IGF-1 level dose not rise in TAO patients, but the expression of IGF-1 in orbital adipocytes up-regulates, indicating that mature orbital adipocytes of TAO are regulated mainly by IGF-1.

ObjectiveTo investigate the relation ship of obesity with high blood pressure and type 2 diabetes and to find characteristics of the prevalence. MethodsFrom different BMI groups,2,090 cases aged 60-86 years were randomly collected according to the medical and health information.Hypertension and diabetes were diagnosed by WHO international diagnostic criteria.ResultsIn hypertension group (976 cases), average body mass index (BMI), pulse pressure ( PP), total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), fasting blood glucose (FBG) showed significant difference compared with non-hypertention group (1114 cases) (all P＜0.01)[(26.32±3.66)kg/m2 , (16.28±13.21 )mm Hg, (4.78±1.23) mmol/L, (1.79±1.36) mmol/L, (5.61±1.37) mmol/L vs. (25.28± 3.36) kg/m2, ( 11.37 ± 9.39) mm Hg, (4.54 ± 1.23 ) mmol/L, ( 1.52 ± 1.12) mmol/L, ( 4.28 ±2.12)mmol/L].In diabetes group (272 cases), average BMI, PP, TC, TG and FBG showed significant difference as compared with non-diabetes group (1818 cases)(all P＜0.01)[(26. 29±3.24)kg/m2 , (82.43± 10.22) mm Hg, (18.77±10.11) mm Hg, (4.85±2.05) mmol/L, (1.76± 1.76)mmol/L vs. (24.13±3.42) kg/m2 , (80.38±6.87) mm Hg, (12.26±9.56) mm Hg, (4.36± 1.21)mmol/L, (1.52± 1.21) mmol/L]. In normal blood lipids group, BMI, PP, and FBG were found significant differences compared with high TC or TG group (all P＜0.05).ConclusionsThe increase of body mass index in the elderly has a close relationship with hypertension and type 2 diabetes. It is important to prevent obesity in the prevention and control of hypertension and diabetes.

Objective To investigate the expression change of LRP16 in endometrial cancer tissues and its influence on the pro-liferation of human endometrial carcinoma HEC-1-B cells .Methods HEC-1-B cells were transfected with LRP16 .RT-PCR was used to examine the expression of LRP16 in 26 normal endometrium specimens ,10 endometrial cancer specimens .RT-PCR was used for verifying the transfection success .WES-T was used to observe the proliferation change of HEC-1-B cells .Results The positive expression rate and level of LRP16 mRNA in the endometrial cancer tissues were 83 .33% and 0 .82 ± 0 .21 ,which were significantly higher than 30 .00% ,0 .47 ± 0 .18 in the normal endometrium tissues(P<0 .05) .The RT-PCR detection results revealed that the expression of LRP16 mRNA after transfection was significantly increased .HEC-1-B cells in the transfection group could continued to proliferate in vitro ,but the proliferation capacity was not increased .Conclusion The expression abnormality of LRP16 may be closely related to the occurrence and progress of endometrial cancer ,LRP16 gene may have potential value for the endometrial canc-er gene therapy .

High expression of Fightless I (FLII) is associated to multiple tumors. Based on our previous study that FLII might be involved in the nuclear export, we assessed the possible interaction of FLII with the nuclear envelop associating proteins Importin β and Nup88. We first constructed GST-FLII, GST-LRR recombinant plasmids and transformed them into the Rosetta strain to produce GST-FLII, GST-LRR fusion protein. After purification of these proteins, GST-pull down, as well as co-immunoprecipitation, were used to test the interaction of FLII with Importin β and Nup88. FLII interacted with Importin β and Nup88, and FLII LRR domain is responsible for these interactions. Thus, FLII may play a role in nuclear export through interaction with Importin β and Nup88.
Humans ; Microfilament Proteins ; metabolism ; Nuclear Pore Complex Proteins ; metabolism ; Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear ; metabolism ; Recombinant Fusion Proteins ; metabolism ; beta Karyopherins ; metabolism

Thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy (TAO) is a common orbital disease in the adults, which leads to a series of ocular symptoms and signs, seriously affecting the visual function and life quality of patients.Grasping the disease progression accurately and evaluating the severity and activity of TAO objectively play a crucial role in improving the management and prognosis of TAO patients.Grading and staging methods of TAO have been constantly improved.In the descriptive evaluation of subjective symptoms and signs of TAO, four international grading and staging systems with similarities and different focuses, namely, NOSPECS, CAS, VISA and EUGOGO, have been proposed successively.In recent years, with the rapid development of science and technology, objective evaluation methods such as imaging technology and laboratory examination have played an important role in the grading and staging of TAO.Among them, the application of orbital CT and MRI has made a great breakthrough in quantitative analysis of the disease.Continuous summary of grading and staging methods of TAO can contribute to the guidance for improving diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of TAO.

Ocular choristoma is composed of ectopic tissues with normal structures. The pathogenesis still remains uncertain. Histopathologically, it is a dense connective tissue mixed with epidermal appendages, smooth muscle cells, mature adipose tissue, lacrimal glands, lymph nodes, skeletal muscle fibers, cartilage and bone. Because of its low incidence, most of published literature are case reports. The clinical manifestations are non-specific and we need to distinguish it from other ocular masses. The choice of surgical resection depends on the ocular symptoms, the effect on appearance, and the need for clinical confirmation. This paper reviews the epidemiology, etiology, pathogenesis, clinical manifestations, diagnosis, differential diagnosis and treatment of ocular choristoma.

Objective To explore the value of OSCE system combined with intelligent network in-formation platform in clinical skills assessment of obstetrics and gynecology. Methods 112 clinical medi-cal students who participated in the practice of gynecology and obstetrics in Second Military Medical Uni-versity in 2017 were randomly divided into the experimental group (network information OSCE) and the control group (traditional OSCE). The teaching results were evaluated by the questionnaire survey of teachers and students and the examination results as well. The statistical analysis was made with the Chi-square test and the t test respectively. Results According to the questionnaire survey of two skills assessment methods, the satisfaction index of the experimental group was higher than that of the control group in both teachers and students, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). The total time of examination in the experimental group was lower than that of the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). The final total score and the results of case analysis and clinical operation examination of experi-mental group were all higher than those of the control group, but there was no statistical difference (P>0.05). Conclusion OSCE combined with the network information system has an unparalleled advantage in the assessment of the obstetrics and gynecology department. The system will promote clinical education of ob-stetrics and gynecology and the evaluation of the clinical ability of the medical students to a new height, which deserves popularization.

Objective: To explore the diagnosis and treatment of fourth branchial cleft deformity. Methods: The clinical data of a patient with bilateral fourth branchial cleft deformity in the neck were summarized, and the literature was reviewed Results: The patient was a 17-year-old male who had a painless lump in his neck for 10 years. During specialized examination, a lump approximately 4.0 cm × 3.0 cm in size could be palpated subcutaneously on the right side of the neck, with clear boundaries, a regular shape, a soft texture, and a wave-like sensation without obvious tenderness. A fistula with a size of approximately 0.5 cm × 0.5 cm could be observed on the left side of the neck, and yellow clear liquid could be seen flowing out of the fistula. The surrounding skin was locally red and swollen, and the surface temperature of the skin was elevated. Computed tomography examination demonstrated a circular cystic low-density shadow approximately 4.4 cm × 3.4 cm in size in the right supraclavicular and anterior cervical regions. A flocculent isodense image could be observed in the middle; moreover, nodular calcification could be observed at the edge, and the surrounding fat spaces were blurred. The enhanced scan showed mild enhancement of the cyst wall but no obvious enhancement of the contents. On the left side, a circular nodular shadow with a diameter of approximately 1.4 cm could be seen, with enhanced scanning and circular enhancement. The surrounding skin was thickened, and the subcutaneous fat gap was blurred. Multiple small lymph nodes could be observed on both sides of the neck, with the larger nodes having a short diameter of approximately 0.8 cm. The size and morphology of the thyroid gland were not significantly abnormal, and there was no obvious abnormal density shadow inside of the gland. Upon admission, the diagnosis was a fourth gill fissure cyst in the right neck and a fourth gill fissure fistula in the left neck. Under general anesthesia and intravenous anesthesia, right branchial cleft cyst resection and left branchial cleft fistula resection were performed. Postoperative pathological examination demonstrated a left branchial cleft fistula and a right branchial cleft cyst. The wound healed by first intention, and there was no recurrence after 6 months of follow-up. According to the literature, fourth branchial cleft deformity is a congenital developmental abnormality of the branchial apparatus, the incidence of which accounts for only 1% of all branchial cleft deformities; moreover, it often occurs on the left side. The anatomical position is often located in the cervical root and supraclavicular region, thus demonstrating cysts or sinuses adjacent to the thyroid gland. The diagnosis should be confirmed by anatomical location, imaging examination or laryngoscopy combined with postoperative pathological results and should be differentiated from cervical masses such as thyroglossal duct cysts and lymph node metastasis. The main treatment methods include surgical procedures and endoscopic cauterization of the internal fistula. The prognosis is generally good, and there is a risk of recurrence; however, cancer rarely occurs Conclusion Deformity of the fourth branchial fissure is very rare; thus, it should be identified early to avoid excessive and ineffective surgical drainage, reduce potential complications during resection and completely remove the lesion to prevent recurrence.

OBJECTIVE：To provide reference for improving the operation efficiency of drug quality sampling and inspection in China . METHODS ：Starting from the application and management situation of inspection standards/methods in provincial inspection institutions ，the problems existing in the application and management of inspection standards/methods in provincial inspection institutions were analyzed ；the inspection standards/methods database of provincial inspection institutions is attempted to build，combining with the relevant experience and practices of FDA. RESULTS & CONCLUSIONS ：The inspection methods involved in drug sampling and inspection could be divided into official standards and non-standard methods. Official standards were the main standards for drug sampling and inspection ，and were mainly used for routine inspection. Such kind of standards could be classified according to the characteristics of compiled ，single-page and later-issued supplementary ；an electronic catalogue should be established for unified management. Non-standard methods were only used for sample preliminary screening ，verification of official inspection results ，quality evaluation and inspection of unknown or suspicious samples in emergency inspection. Its tracking，collection and management mechanisms were not yet complete. It is recommended to draw on the experience of drug sampling and inspection in the United States so as to establish method database hierarchically. For the mature method established in drug supervision system ，an electronic catalog and document content database should be established and the method should be confirmed before use ；for national standards and the recommended methods published by authoritative institutions in other industries，and mature methods published in scientific and technological literature ，the retrieval channels should be listed ，the methods should be verified ，reviewed and approved before use ，and an electronic catalogue should be established and recorded in time after use. The electronic catalogue format of non-standard methods generally include controlled number ，applicable variety name，method name ，inspection items ，etc.

Iron (Fe) deficiency and excess cadmium (Cd) in rice grain are important problems to be solved in agricultural production. Previous studies have shown that OsVIT1 and OsVIT2 are vacuolar iron transporters. In this study, wild-type ZH11 was selected as the background material and OsVIT1 and OsVIT2 were overexpressed in endosperm by using endosperm specific promoter Glb-1. Field experiments were conducted to study the effect of OsVIT1 and OsVIT2 overexpression on Fe and Cd accumulation in different parts of rice. The results showed that OsVIT1 overexpression in endosperm significantly reduced Fe content in grain by about 50%, while significantly increased zinc (Zn) and copper (Cu) contents in straw and Cu content in grain. OsVIT2 overexpression in endosperm significantly decreased Fe and Cd contents in grain by about 50%, and significantly increased Fe content in straw by 45%-120%. Overexpression of OsVIT1 and OsVIT2 in endosperm did not affect the agronomic traits of rice. In conclusion, OsVIT1 and OsVIT2 overexpression in endosperm reduced Fe accumulation in rice grain, which did not achieve the expected effect. OsVIT2 overexpression in endosperm also decreased Cd accumulation in grain and increased Fe accumulation in straw, which provided reference for iron biofortification and cadmium reduction in rice.
Cadmium ; Endosperm/chemistry* ; Oryza/genetics* ; Iron ; Zinc ; Edible Grain ; Soil Pollutants