Objective To investigate if glucose-insulin-potassium (GIK)would relieve the liver injury induced by endotoxemia in rats.Methods Sixty SD male rats,weight 200-250g,were randomly divided into three groups (n = 20):control group (group C),lipopolysaccharide group (group LPS,LPS 8 mg/kg)and Glucose-insulin-potassium group(group GIK,8 mg/kg LPS+GIK 4 ml·kg-1 ·h-1 ).All the rats were injected with 20 mg/kg ketamine intraperitonealy before trial. Erythrocin was daubed on the wound to avoid infection.The rats of group LPS and group GIK were injected LPS 8 mg/kg intraperitoneal,then,rats in group LPS and group GIK received saline(4 ml·kg-1 ·h-1 )or GIK(Glucose 200 g/L,Insulin 60 IU/L,KCL 60 mmol/L)infusion continuously. Liver and serum samples were collected on before injection,3 days after injection and 5 days after in-jection.Serum concentrations of ALT and AST were measured.TNF-αlpha of liver homogenate was detected by ELISA.The severity of liver damage was assessed by an approprite histopathological sco-ring system and apoptosis of parenchymal cells were assessed by TUNEL immunofluorescence assay. Results Compared with group control,the level of serum ALT and AST in group LPS and group GIK were significantly higher at 3 days after injection.The level of hepatic TNF-α,the hepatic damage score and the index of hepatic apoptosis in group LPS and group GIK were significantly higher on 3 days after injection and 5 days after injection.(P<0.05).Compared with group LPS,the level of hepatic TNF-αand the hepatocyte apoptosis rates decreased significantly in group GIK on 3 days after injection.The level of serum ALT and AST,hepatic TNF-α,the hepatic damage score and the hepatocyte apoptosis rates decreased significantly in group GIK at 5 days after injection(P <0.05).Conclusion Intraperitoneal injection of endotoxin can cause liver injury in rats,resulting in the liver hepatdysfunction and hepatocyte damage.GIK has protective effects on LPS induced liver injury in rats.

Objective:To investigate the death of patients with granulocytopenia complicated with infection after chemotherapy and the changes of vital signs before emergency treatment, and to analyze the prognosis of different vital signs on patients' prognosis and emergency treatment.Methods:This study used a case-control study method to select 211 patients with hematologic malignancies who met the inclusion criteria in two tertiary hospitals in Weifang City. The vital signs of patients were collected and the vital signs were analyzed using SPSS 17.0 software. And the statistical significance and predictive value in the emergency response group.Results:The heart rate, respiratory rate, systolic blood pressure, blood oxygen saturation and urine volume were significantly different between the survival group (112 cases) and the death group (99 cases)( t values were 11.038-177.102, P<0.01). The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of body temperature, heart rate, respiratory rate, systolic blood pressure, and blood oxygenation saturation and urine volume were 0.547, 0.495, 0.294, 0.899, 0.988, and 0.827, respectively. The highest predictive efficiency (higher level) was observed with the change of blood oxygen saturation, and the corresponding optimal cutoff point. 0.91; between the emergency treatment group (103 cases) and the non-emergency treatment group(108 cases), the difference in heart rate, respiratory rate and oxygen saturation between the two groups was statistically significant ( t values were 5.247, 8.001, 9.066, P<0.01). The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of body temperature, heart rate, respiratory rate, systolic blood pressure, blood oxygen saturation and urine volume were 0.581, 0.732, 0.813, 0.346, 0.102, and 0.543, respectively. Among them, the predicted value of respiratory frequency change was the highest (medium level), which was the best corresponding. The cutoff point was 27.5. Conclusions:Patients with granulocytic infection after malignant hematologic disease will have abnormal changes in vital signs before death and emergency treatment. However, different vital signs have different effects on predicting disease changes, and should focus on respiratory rate and oxygen saturation. Changes, when the respiratory rate exceeds 27 beats/min, the probability that the patient needs to implement emergency treatment such as rescue will increase. If the condition is not effectively controlled, the blood oxygen saturation is lower than 0.91, the risk of death of the patient is greatly increased.

Vascular cognitive impairment is the only cognitive impairment disease that can be intervened at present. In recent years, the research on its genetic factors has attracted much attention. Among them, apolipoprotein E (ApoE) and its genotypes are closely associated with lipid metabolism, β-amyloid aggregation and deposition, the changes of brain structure and function, and are closely correlated with the pathogenesis of dementia. This article discusses some possible mechanisms of ApoE and its genotypes affecting cognitive function, in order to provide reference for the management of cognitive function in patients with vascular cognitive impairment.

Atrial fibrillation is one of the most common arrhythmia types. With the increase of age, atrial fibrillation will increase the incidence of silent cerebral infarction (SCI), and the correlation between them will lead to the aggravation of cognitive impairment. Atrial fibrillation can be regarded as an independent risk factor for accelerating cognitive impairment in patients with SCI, but the possible mechanism is not completely clear. Therefore, patients with atrial fibrillation should undergo MRI examination, find SCI in time and develop corresponding intervention measures in order to reduce or delay a series of subsequent negative effects. This article reviews the related cognitive impairment of SCI patients with atrial fibrillation.

Objective: To investigate the current status of HIV-related stigma among college students in Guilin,and to explore the impact of perspective-taking and empathy on HIV-related stigma among college students. Methods: The stratified cluster sampling method was used to select college students from 4 universities in Guilin city. Stratified randomization was used to assign all subjects into a control group (410) and an experimental group (396) for randomized controlled trials,and the HIV-related Stigma Questionnaire and the Basic Empathy Scale were used before and after the intervention. Results: Before the intervention of perspective-taking,there were no statistically significant differences between two groups in subscale scores and total scores of HIV-related stigma (t=0.80，0.35，-0.62，-0.10，P>0.05); However, signiticant differences in subscale scores and total score in HIV-related stigma were found after intervention (t=3.53，2.21，2.30，3.98，P<0.05). There was no statistically singnificant in the scores of all dimensions of empathy level and the total score before the intervention (t=0.10,-0.27,-0.08,P>0.05), dimensional score and total score in empathy were statistically significant after intervention (t=-2.15，-3.06，P<0.05). Empathy played an intermediary role of 14.08% between opinion selection and HIV stigma. Conclusion HIV-related stigma exists among college students in Guilin,and perspective-taking intervention effectively reduces its AIDS stigma. Empathy plays an intermediary role between them.

Objective:To analyze the distributions of ABO and RhD blood groups by analyzing the basic data of blood group detection among voluntary blood donors in Huainan in 2021, to provide data support for blood recruitment, clinical use of blood, and emergency guarantee of rare groups of blood.Methods:ABO and RhD blood groups of 24 484 voluntary blood donors eligible for blood donation in 2021 were detected using the Metis150-8 automatic blood group analyzer, manual saline method, antihuman globulin method, and manual polybrene test. The blood group results were statistically analyzed.Results:Among 24 484 voluntary blood donors in Huainan in 2021, A blood group accounted for the highest proportion (7 463 cases, 30.48%), followed by O blood group (7 444 cases, 30.40%) and B blood group (7 056 cases, 28.82%), and the last was AB blood group (2 521 cases, 10.30%). A total of 143 cases of RhD-negative blood were detected, and the negative frequency of RhD was 0.58% (143/24 484). Among the RhD-negative blood samples, 43 cases of type A, 41 cases of type B, 46 cases of type O, and 13 cases of type AB were RhD-negative, accounting for 30.07%, 28.67%, 32.17%, and 9.09%, respectively. There was no statistical difference in the detection rate of Rh-negative blood among different ABO blood groups in Huainan ( χ2 = 0.36, P = 0.948). The ABO blood group distribution of voluntary blood donors in Huainan in 2021 was not identical to those of voluntary blood donors in Guangzhou, Yueyang, Xinjiang Bozhou, Zhangzhou, and Liuzhou. The proportion of type A blood donors in Yueyang was higher than those in other regions. The proportions of type B blood donors in Huainan, Xinjiang Bozhou, and Zhangzhou were higher than those in other regions. The proportion of type O blood donors in Liuzhou was higher than those in other regions. The proportions of type AB blood donors in Huainan and Xinjiang Bozhou were higher than those in other regions. Conclusion:The distributions of ABO and RhD blood groups among voluntary blood donors in Huainan region have certain regional characteristics. Central blood banks and medical institutions should reasonably store and supply blood according to the blood collection from voluntary blood donations and the needs of clinical transfusion, to prevent the occurrence of situations such as blood expiration and waste.

Post-stroke fatigue is one of the common symptoms of stroke patients. Continuous fatigue will affect the rehabilitation of patients' limb functions, lead to the decline of daily living ability, and at the same time, make patients lack energy, lose the initiative of rehabilitation exercise, and seriously affect the quality of life and social function. This article reviews the epidemiology, clinical characteristics, evaluation scales, influencing factors, pathophysiological mechanism and treatment of post-stroke fatigue.

Objective To explore the clinical efficacy of Chaiqi Ningshen Anmian Decoction(CNAD)combined with wrist ankle acupuncture(WAA)in treating chronic insomnia(CI)patients with heart and spleen deficiency.Methods CI patients diagnosed and treated at the Beijing Huairou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine from April 2022 to April 2023 were selected,and patients were randomly divided into the Eszolam(ET)group and the combination group(CNAD combined with WAA)according to the random number table method,with 50 cases in each group.The primary outcome was clinical efficacy[evaluated by the Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndrome Integral(TCMSI)].Secondary outcomes included changes in cognitive function[assessed by the Montreal Cognitive Assessment(MoCA)],anxiety level[assessed by the Hamilton Anxiety Scale(HAMA)],sleep quality[assessed by the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index(PSQI)],glycated serum albumin(GA),serotonin(5-HT),interleukin-1 β(IL-1β),and C-reactive protein(CRP)before and after treatment in both groups.Results Before treatment,there was no significant differences in total TCMSI between the two groups(P＞0.05).After treatment,the total TCMSI of the combination group was significantly lower than that of the ET group(P＜0.05),and the treatment effectiveness rate was significantly higher in the combination group(P＜0.05).Before treatment,there were no significant differences in MoCA score,HAMA score,PSQI score,serum GA level,serum 5-HT level,serum IL-1 level and serum CRP level between the groups(P＞0.05).After treatment,the MoCA score,serum GA level,and serum 5-HT level in the combination group were significantly higher than those in the ET group(P＜0.05),while the HAMA score,PSQI score,serum IL-1β level,and serum CRP level were significantly lower in the combination group(P＜0.05).Conclusion Compared with ET,CNAD combined with WAA significantly improves insomnia symptoms in CI patients with heart and spleen deficiency,enhances cognitive function and sleep quality,and reduces anxiety levels.This may be related to the upregulation of serum 5-HT,IL-1 β and the inhibition of the inflammatory response.

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is the most common prostate disease and one of the most common chronic diseases caused by aging in men. On the other hand, there has been no research on BPH using Abeliophyllum distichum Nakai (A.distichum). Therefore, this study investigated the effects of A. distichum on BPH.MATERIALS/METHODS: A. distichum leaves were extracted with distilled water, 70% ethanol, and 95% hexane as solvents. Subsequently, the inhibitory effects of each A. distichum extract on androgen receptor (AR) signaling were evaluated in vitro. The testosterone-induced BPH model was then used to confirm the efficacy of A. distichum leaves in 70% ethanol extract (ADLE). RESULTS: ADLE had the strongest inhibitory effect on AR signaling. A comparison of the activity of ADLE by harvest time showed that the leaves of A. distichum harvested in autumn had a superior inhibitory effect on AR signaling to those harvested at other times. In the BPH rat model, the administration of ADLE reduced the prostate size and prostate epithelial cell thickness significantly and inhibited AR signaling. Subsequently, the administration of ADLE also reduced the expression of growth factors, thereby inactivating the PI3K/AKT pathway. CONCLUSIONS An analysis of the efficacy of ADLE to relieve BPH showed that the ethanol extract grown in autumn exhibited the highest inhibitory ability of the androgen-signaling related factors in vitro. ADLE also inhibited the expression of growth factors by inhibiting the expression of the androgen-signaling related factors in vivo. Overall, ADLE is proposed as a functional food that is effective in preventing BPH.

Objective:To discuss the effects of different doses of ganoderic acid A(GAA)on the biological activities,glycolysis,and the expression of rate-limiting enzymes of non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC)PC9 cells,and to clarify the mechanism.Methods:The NSCLC PC9 cells were cultured in vitro and divided into blank control group,low dose(25 μmol·L-1)of GAA group,medium dose(50 μmol·L-1)of GAA group,and high dose(100 μmol·L-1)of GAA group.The methylthiazolydiphenyltetrazolium(MTT)assay was used to detect the survival rates of the PC9 cells in various groups;Transwell chamber assay was used to detect the number of migration cells of the PC9 cells in various groups;the glucose uptakes of the PC9 cells in various groups were detected by glucose assay kit;the levels of ATP in the PC9 cells in various groups were detected by ATP assay kit;the levels of lactic acid in the PC9 cells in various groups were detected by lactate assay kit;the expression levels of hexokinase 2(HK2)and pyruvate kinase M2(PKM2)mRNA in the PC9 cells in various groups were detected by real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR(RT-qPCR)method;the expression levels of HK2 and PKM2 proteins in the PC9 cells in various groups were detected by Western blotting method.Results:The MTT assay results showed that,at 24,48,and 72 h of culture,compared with blank control group,the survival rates of the cells in medium and high doses of GAA groups were significantly decreased(P<0.05).At 72 h of culture,compared with low dose of GAA group,the survival rate of the cells in high dose of GAA group was significantly decreased(P<0.05).The Transwell chamber assay results showed that compared with blank control group,the numbers of migration cells in medium and high doses of GAA groups were significantly decreased(P<0.05);compared with low doses of GAA group,the number of migration cells in high dose of GAA group was significantly decreased(P<0.05).Compared with blank control group,the glucose uptakes and levels of lactic acid in the cells in medium and high dose of GAA groups were significantly decreased(P<0.05),and the level of ATP in the cells in high dose of GAA group was significantly decreased(P<0.05).The RT-qPCR results showed that compared with blank control group,the expression levels of HK2 and PKM2 mRNA in the cells in medium and high doses of GAA groups were significantly decreased(P<0.05).The Western blotting results showed that compared with blank control group,the expression levels of HK2 and PKM2 proteins in the cells in medium and high doses of GAA groups were significantly decreased(P<0.05).Conclusion:Medium and high doses of GAA can inhibit the biological activities of proliferation and migration of the PC9 cells,reduce the glycolysis,and its mechanism may be related to the inhibition of the expressions of the key rate-limiting enzymes HK2 and PKM2.