Objective To establish a small amount of acid ,microwave digestion‐atomic fluorescence spectrometer method was developed for the determination of arsenic and mercury in eggs at the same time .Methods The sample was digested with 1 ml HNO3 ,After digestion ,the sample was deoxidized with sulfocarbamide and vitamin C and then determined by AFs without dispel‐ling the acid .Results The sample was digested with 1 mL HNO3 ,After digestion ,the sample was deoxidized with sulfocarbamide and vitamin C and then determined by AFs without dispelling the acid .Conclusion The method is simple ,rapid and with little pol‐lution .The determination of arsenic and mercury in eggs by Atomic Fluorescence Spectrometry using microwave digestion were de‐veloped with satisfactory sensitivity ,accurate and precision .

Carcinoma ex pleomorphic adenoma occurring in the sublingual gland is extremely rare. In this report, a case of adenoid cystic carcinoma ex pleomorphic adenoma of the sublingual gland was presented.
Adenocarcinoma ; Adenoma, Pleomorphic ; Humans ; Sublingual Gland ; Sublingual Gland Neoplasms

Objective To construct two DNA vaccines based on two glycoprotein antigen segments of Xinjiang hemorrhagic fever virus (XHFV) and to evaluate the immune responses in BALB/c mice following vaccination.Methods Two recombinant expression plasmids pVAX1-GcⅠand pVAX1-Gc Ⅱ were constructed by inserting XHFV YL04057 strain Gc Ⅰ (1 229-1 349 aa) and Gc Ⅱ (1 443-1 566 aa) fragments into the eukaryotic expression vector pVAX1 and then were identify by restriction enzyme digestion and sequencing analysis.The recombinant expression plasmids were transfected into mice by hydrodynamics-based transfection.Immune responses induced in mice were evaluated by testing the proliferation of T cells with MTT,measuring serum antibody level with ELISA and detecting cytokines in the supernatant of spleen cell culture with ELISA kit.Results The recombinant expression plasmids were successfully constructed as indicated by the results of restriction enzyme digestion and sequencing analysis.Expression of Gc Ⅰ and Gc Ⅱ genes in mice liver tissues was detected.Antibody titers in mice immunized with pVAX1-GcⅠor pVAX1-Gc Ⅱ were higher than those in mice immunized with pVAX1.Compared with pVAX1,pVAX1-Gc Ⅱ significantly enhanced the proliferation of splenic T lymphocytes and the expression of IFN-γ (P<0.01).Conclusion The constructed two DNA vaccines for XHFV can induce specific humoral and cellular immune responses in mice.pVAX1-Gc Ⅱ is better than pVAX1-GcⅠin immunogenicity and protective efficacy,suggesting that it can be used as a promising candidate for the development of DNA vaccine for XHFV.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effects of light on baicalin,baicalein accumulation and related genes expression in suspension cultures of Scutellaria baicalensis.

METHODThe content of baicalin, baicalein in suspension cultures of S. baicalensis was determined by HPLC. The related genes expression was analyzed by semi-quantitative PCR.

RESULTActive ingredients in suspension cultures of S. baicalensis were promoted significantly by light, PAL gene transcription under the conditions of light was higher than that under the dark conditions, the UBGAT gene expression levels was significantly related to the baicalein (r = -0.995).

CONCLUSIONActive ingredients and related genes (PAL, UBGAT) in suspension cultures of S. baicalensis were promoted significantly by light.

Antioxidants ; pharmacology ; Cell Culture Techniques ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacology ; Flavanones ; analysis ; genetics ; radiation effects ; Flavonoids ; analysis ; genetics ; pharmacology ; radiation effects ; Free Radical Scavengers ; pharmacology ; Light ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; methods ; Phytotherapy ; methods ; Plant Extracts ; chemistry ; Rehmannia ; chemistry ; Scutellaria baicalensis ; chemistry ; growth & development ; Suspensions ; chemistry

OBJECTIVETo compare the distribution and concentration of matrix metalloproteinases-2 (MMP-2) in different dentin depth of premolar and molar of young people.

METHODSFreshly extracted human premolars and molars (aged between 20-30) were sectioned to 1.5 mm thick slices along the longitudinal axis of the tooth separately. Enamel and pulp of each slice was removed, and then the premolar and molar slices were respectively divided into two subgroups according to superficial or deep dentin and pulverized to fine powder. After dentin protein was extracted, the concentrations of MMP-2 in different tooth were detected using fluorescent microsphere immunoassay.

RESULTSThe content of MMP-2 in superficial layer dentin of premolar was (0.022 ± 0.006) ng/mg. The content of MMP-2 in deep layer dentin of premolar was (2.087 ± 0.090) ng/mg. The content of MMP-2 in superficial layer dentin of molar was (0.336 ± 0.037) ng/mg. The content of MMP-2 in deep layer dentin of molar was (3.312 ± 0.308) ng/mg.

CONCLUSIONSMMP-2 exists in human coronal dentin. In the same type of teeth of young people, the concentration of MMP-2 in deep dentin was significant higher than those in superficial dentin. In the same dentin depth, the concentration of MMP-2 in molar was significant higher than those in premolar.

Adult ; Bicuspid ; Dental Enamel ; Dental Pulp ; Dentin ; chemistry ; Fluorescent Antibody Technique ; Humans ; Matrix Metalloproteinase 2 ; analysis ; Molar ; Tooth ; Tooth Crown ; Tooth Root ; Young Adult

Objective: To study the influence of personality on the occurrence of dental trauma of school-aged children. Methods:The school-aged children with dental trauma who came to visit our department were randomly recruited. The Eysenck Personality Scale was used to test the subjects who met the inclusion criteria. Results: 306 children were included in the study. There was a statistically significant association between personality type and the number of traumatic teeth (P ＜ 0. 05) and the number of traumatic teeth in children with extroversion was higher than that of children with neutrality or introversion (P ＜ 0. 05) . Conclusion: Extroverted personality is a significant correlation factor affecting the severity of dental trauma in children, and it is of great significance to provide scientific guidance and warning for them to prevent tooth trauma.

OBJECTIVETo systematically investigate the aging effect of thermocycling, water storage and bacteria aggression on the stability of resin-dentin bonds.

METHODSForty molars were sectioned perpendicularly to the axis of the teeth to expose the middle-coronal dentin surfaces. The dentin surfaces were then treated with Single Bond 2 and made a core build-up. According to random digits table, the bonding specimens were divided into four groups (n = 10) as follows: immediate control group, aging group with thermocycling for 5 000 times, aging group with artificial saliva storage for 6 months and aging group with bacteria aggression for 14 days. The specimens in each group were then subjected to microtensile bond strengths (µTBS) testing and nanoleakage evaluation respectively.

RESULTSAfter aging treatments, the three aging groups showed significantly lower µTBS than the immediate control group [(44.24 ± 12.75) MPa, P < 0.05]. The immediate control group also showed the lowest value of nanoleakage. The µTBS of aging group with bacteria aggression [(25.53 ± 7.39) MPa] was significantly lower than those of the other aging groups with artificial saliva storage[(29.72 ± 6.51) MPa] and thermocycling [(31.92 ± 11.87) MPa, P < 0.05]. There were no differences in the nanoleakage values among the three aging groups (P > 0.05).

CONCLUSIONSAll the aging treatments with artificial saliva storage, thermocycling and bacteria aggression could accelerate the degradation of bonding interfaces between an etch-and-rinse adhesive and dentin. Bacteria aggression showed the most impairing effect on the stability of resin-dentin bonds.

Adhesives ; Bisphenol A-Glycidyl Methacrylate ; Dental Bonding ; Dental Stress Analysis ; Dentin ; Dentin-Bonding Agents ; Humans ; Materials Testing ; Molar ; Resin Cements ; Saliva, Artificial ; Tensile Strength

Objective: To study the clinical reference pulpal blood flow(PBF) values detected by laser doppler flowmetry(LDF) in healthy young population and to analyze their possible affected factors. Methods: Undergraduate students at the age of 17-23 years were enrolled. PBF of 12-22 were detected by LDF based on the standard procedure. Difference of the test results between different sex was analyzed by T test and variance homogeneity test, and the correlation with age was analyzed by the chi-square test, and the difference between the different teeth was analyzed by the random group analysis. Results: 400 students(250 males and 150 females with the average age of 19. 83 years) met the inclusion criteria. The clinical reference values of PBF of different anterior teeth were obtained by the detection of LDF. For the same tooth, PBF values of females were higher than that of males (P＜ 0. 05). PBF values of different ages shared no statistical significance(P＞ 0. 05). For the same gender, PBF values of middle incisor were higher than that of lateral incisors(P＜ 0. 05). Conclusion: The determination of the clinical reference values of PBF detected by LDF may promote the clinical use of this technology.

OBJECTIVETo explore the spatial and temporal distributions of animal plague in Junggar Basin natural plague focus.

METHODSData regarding plague antibody (F1) in serum of Great Gerbil (Rhombomys opimus, R. opimus) which were collected from 2005 to 2012 in Junggar Basin and analyzed. The changing rates on the positivity of F1 that appeared spatially and temporally were also analyzed.

RESULTSA total of 4 825 R. opimus serum samples were collected in 13 administrative regions in Junggar Basin.

RESULTSshowed that plague R. opimus existed in two areas-Gurbantonggut desert in the eastern-center and the clay desert of western Junggar Basin. However, in these two areas, the intensity of animal plague prevalence was different. In the former region where Yesinia pestis positive serum was detected from R. opimus, the detected rate of R. opimus was 8.39%. However, in the latter areas, the average positive rate was 1.56%. The changing trends of R. opimus plague prevalence were also varied annually. In the western Junggar Basin, the trend showed a slowly downward profile. The serum positive rate of R. opimus for Yesinia pestis decreased, from 7.59% in 2005 to 0.61% in 2008, and appeared as a resting state that none of the positive sample could be found since then. However, in the eastern-center Junggar Basin area-also named as Gurbantonggut desert which had been divided into 3 segments(western, central and eastern, according to related geographical characteristics), the changing trends of animal plague seemed quite complex. In the western segment, the animal plague had two epidemic peaks-in 2006 and 2010, with the interval of 4 years, with the higher peak of all the three geographic segments as 45.65% in 2010 and the positive serum of R. opimus for plague could be detected each year from 2006 to 2012. However, there were 3 epidemic peaks in the same period in the central and eastern segments. In the central segment, the peaks appeared in 2006, 2009 and 2011, with the intervals as 2.5 years and the average positive rate 8.92% was seen the lowest in Gurbantonggut desert. In the eastern segment, the first 2 peaks appeared the same season as in the central segment, but the third peak appeared in 2012, with the peak interval as 3 years. The positive rate of R. opimus for plague was also different in seasons, with the positive rate higher in autumn than in spring. These findings showed that the animal plague could be continuously prevalent from spring to autumn in the natural foci of plague in the Junggar Basin.

CONCLUSIONBoth geographical and temporal fluctuations of animal plague existed in the natural foci of Junggar Basin which was also named as geographical heterogeneity. Consequently, animal plague could be divided into two areas-the clay plains desert in the western and the Gurbantonggut desert in the eastern-center Junggar Basin.

Animals ; Gerbillinae ; Plague ; epidemiology ; Time ; Yersinia pestis