AIM: To study the protocol and condition that induce bone marrow stromal cells (MSCs) to differentiate into neuron in vitro by baicalin, a kind of flavonoid isolated from an important medicinal plant Scutellariae Radix . METHODS: MSCs from adult rats were induced by baicalin in serum-free medium for 6 h, and postinduced for 6 d. The morphological changes of MSCs were evaluated by light microscope. The positive percentages of neuron-specific enolase (NSE), 200-kilodalton neurofilament (NF), glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) and vimentin expression were measured by immunocytochemistry with ABC staining. Hoechst 33258 staining was used to measure the cell viability by fluorescence microscope. RESULTS: After induction for 6 d, MSCs displayed neuronal morphologies, such as pyramidal cell bodies and processes formed extensive networks. The positive percentages of NSE, NF, GFAP and vimentin protein expression were 70.5%?11.6%, 68.3%?13.4% ,

BACKGROUND: Perinatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy(HIE) is the primary cause of neonatal brain injury, which retards the mental development in affected infants.OBJECTIVE: To investigate the influence of early intervention on mental and psychological development in infants with HIE, study the time-effect relation of the early intervention, and to find an optimal time for intervention.DESIGN: A time series of following-up and a non-randomized concurrent controlled investigation.SETTING: Xiangya Hospital and Xiangya School of Medicine Affiliated to Central South University.PARTICIPANTS: From February 1999 to May 2001, in the Pediatric Department of Xiangya Hospital Affiliated to the Central South University, the inpatient and outpatient infants with HIE were selected. There were 32 inpatients in the intervention group, 10 with moderate HIE and 22 with severe HIE. There were 36 outpatients in the control group, 10 with moderate HIE and 26 with severe HIE. Comparison was performed between these two groups.METHODS: BRS and the Infant and Child Mental Development Scales,made by The Institute of Psychology of The Chinese Academy of Science and The China National Children' s Center(CNCC), were adopted in the assessment between the two groups.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Mental Development Index(MDI) and Psychomotor Development Index(PDI) scores of the two groups were compared.were significantly higher in the intervention group(90.50 ± 11.12/90. 34±12.49,94.06±14.96/92.03±13.07,90.78±7.46/91.38 ± 13.87)than those in the control group(62.28±7.44/62.67±6.06, 59.11following-up results showed that one patient in the intervention group had a MDI score at the critical threshold value, and two patients had PDI scores at the critical threshold value. For all the other patients in this group, the MDI/PDI scores of them were above the moderate range. In contrast, all the 36 infants in control group had developed mental deficiencies at that time.CONCLUSION: A quantifiable effect of the intervention can be observed in patients at 3 months of life. This indicates that an early intervention is essential for improving the mental development in infants with HIE.

Objective To investigate the effect of multidisciplinary physician/nurse collaboration care mode in diagnosis and treatment of elderly patients with intertrochanteric fracture.Methods Clinical data of 433 elderly patients with intertrochanteric fracture treated from August 2011 to September 2013 were studied retrospectively.Among them,136 were diagnosed and treated using conventional methods (control group) and 297 using the multidisciplinary physician/nurse collaboration approach (collaboration group).Hospital stay,surgery rate,time from hospitalization and operation,and complications were compared between the two groups.Results Length of hospital stay [(14.8 ± 5.9) d] in collaboration group was not statistically different from that in control group [(16.0 ± 4.7) d,t =0.433,P ＞ 0.05],but surgery rate was improved (72.8％ vs 83.9％,x2 =7.212,P ＜ 0.05),time from hospitalization and operation shortened [(5.6 ± 2.9) d vs (6.9 ± 3.4) d,t =3.096,P ＜ 0.05],and perioperative complication rate reduced in collaboration group compared to control group (all P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion Multidisciplinary physician/nurse collaboration mode is a novel method for diagnosis and treatment of intertrochanteric fracture in the elderly and is associated with improved surgery rate,reduced perioperative complications and early functional recovery.

To investigate the therapeutic effect and mechanism of Qingfei oral liquid in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. Seventy-two male SD rats were divided into control group, model group, pirofenidone group and Qingfei group with 18 animals in each group. The idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis was induced in last three groups by intratracheal injection of bleomycin; pirofenidone group was given oral administration of pirofenidone b.i.d for 21 d, and Qingfei group was given Qingfei oral liquid 3.6 mL/kg q.d for Lung tissues were obtained for HE staining, Masson staining and transforming growth factor (TGF)-β immunohistochemical staining. Superoxide dismutase (SOD), malondialdehyde (MDA) and glutathione (GSH) were detected in tissue homogenates. The BATMAN-TCM database was used to retrieve the chemical components and their corresponding targets of Qingfei oral solution by network pharmacology method, and then the component-target-disease network diagram was constructed. Finally, the pathway enrichment analysis was carried out to explore the molecular mechanism of Qingfei oral liquid against idiopathic fibrosis. Histopathology results showed that Qingfei oral liquid had a similar relieving effect on pulmonary fibrosis as the positive drug pirfenidone; TGF-β secretion had a significant reduction in lung tissues of Qingfei group; and Qingfei oral liquid had better regulatory effect on SOD, MDA and GSH than pirfenidone. The results of component-target-disease network and pathway enrichment analysis showed that the related molecular pathways were concentrated in inflammation, extracellular matrix and cytokines. Qingfei oral liquid has a good therapeutic effect on idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis in rats via regulation of inflammation, extracellular matrix and cytokines.
Animals ; Bleomycin/pharmacology* ; Cytokines ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; Glutathione ; Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis/drug therapy* ; Inflammation ; Lung/pathology* ; Male ; Network Pharmacology ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Superoxide Dismutase/metabolism* ; Transforming Growth Factor beta/pharmacology*

Objective To explore the expressions and significance of brain natriuretic peptide (BNP),hypersensitive C-reactive protein (hs-CRP),human fibrinogen (Fib),D-Dimer and blood gas analysis in patients with acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AECOPD) and pulmonary hypertension (PH).Methods Totally 135 patients with AECOPD were divided into single AECOPD group (n =75) and AECOPD + PH group (n =60).The value of pulmonary systolic pressure (PASP) was measured by echocardiography.Serum BNP,hs-CRP,D-Dimer,Fib levels and arterial blood gas analysis indexes such as p(CO2) and p(O2) were compared between two groups.Results The levels of hs-CRP,BNP,D-Dimer and p(CO2) in AECOPD + PH group were significantly higher than those in AECOPD group (P ＜ 0.05),while p (O2) in AECOPD + PH group was significantly lower than that in AECOPD group.Multiple linear regression analysis showed that the levels of hs-CRP,Fib,BNP,D-Dimer and p (CO2) were positively correlated with pulmonary artery pressure (P ＜ O.05),and p (02) was negatively correlated with PASP (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion The hs-CRP,Fib,BNP,and D-Dimer participate in the formation of AECOPD complicated with pulmonary hypertension,and systemic inflammation plays an important role in the pathogenesis of AECOPD complicated with pulmonary hypertension.

Objective To establish a method for the determination of residual solvents in tulobuterol by GC and optimize the purified process of crude tulobuterol product by this method. Methods The analysis was performed on Agilent DB-624 capillary column (30 m×0.32 mm,1.8 μm).The carrier gas was nitrogen at 1 mL·min-1.The injector temperature was 250 ℃.Detector was FID with hydrogen at 45 mL·min-1and air at 450 mL·min-1.The detector temperature was 250 ℃.The column temperature program was used.And the flow ratio was 10:1.Dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) was used as solvent of reference and test solution. Results Ethanol,tert-butylamine,dichloromethane,tert-butyl-methyl ether,n-hexane and 1,4-dioxane were completely separated.The calibration curve of each solvent showed good linear correlation. The RSD of precision was less than 5.0% and the average recovery ranged from 97.0% to 104.0% (RSD<5%).By optimizing the purification process of toloterol,the residue of organic solvent in the preparation of tolobuterol was in accordance with the Chinese Pharmacopoeia ( 2015) limit. Conclusion Validated by methodology,this simple,rapid and precise method can be used for the test of residual solvents in tulobuterol.

Objective To develop a CD30-targeted CAR-T cell drug based on the multi-chain chimeric antigen re-ceptor T cells(CAR-T)of the bridging protein DAP12,and to study the in vitro and in vivo preclinical efficacy of CD30 CAR-T on Hodgkin lymphoma tumor cells.Methods Through gene synthesis and molecular cloning tech-niques,a CAR plasmid targeting CD30 was designed and constructed,and the obtained lentivirus was packaged.The T cells were transfected with the lentivirus,where the multi-chain CAR-T targeting CD30 was the CD30-KIRS2/Dap12-BB group,the single-chain second-generation CAR-T was the CD30-41BBζ group,and the T cells without virus infection were the NTD group.The positive rate of CAR was detected by flow cytometry,the cytotoxic-ity of the cells was detected by lactate dehydrogenase(LDH)release assay,the secretion level of the cytokine in-terferon γ(IFN-γ)was detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA),and the antitumor activity of CD30 CAR-T in mice was further detected by a mouse xenograft tumor model.Results A comparison was made between the multi-chain CAR-T targeting CD30 and the single-chain second-generation CAR-T.It was found that the antitumor effect of the multi-chain CAR-T was similar to that of the single-chain CAR-T.However,it was worth noting that the IFN-γ secretion level of the multi-chain CAR-T was higher(P<0.001).More importantly,in the mouse tumor model experiment,the multi-chain CAR-T achieved complete tumor regression.Conclusion The multi-chain CAR-T targeting CD30 is superior to the traditional single-chain CAR-T in terms of antitumor activity.

Objective:To explore the protective effects of bradykinin postconditioning on cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) rats, and to assess the underlying mechanisms.Methods:Forty-eight adult male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were randomly divided into four groups according to random number table: Sham operation group, cardiac arrest (CA) group, bradykinin treatment (BK) group, and AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) inhibitor Compound C+ bradykinin treatment (CP+BK) group, finally, 8 rats in each group were taken for follow-up experiment. CA was induced by asphyxia. Rats in the Sham group received arteriovenous catheterization, endotracheal intubation, and mechanical ventilation, without CA. Compound C (250 μg/kg) was intraperitoneally injected in CP+BK group 30 minutes before CA, and the same volume of dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) was given in the remaining groups. Bradykinin (150 μg/kg) was intraperitoneally injected in BK group and CP+BK group 48 hours after restoration of spontaneous circulation (ROSC), and same volume of saline was given in the remaining groups. The neural function of rats in each group was evaluated with neurological deficit score (NDS) 72 hours after ROSC. Microtubule-associated protein light chain 3 (LC3) and p62 expressions were detected by immunohistochemistry, autophagosomes were observed by transmission electron microscopy, and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick end labeling method (TUNEL) assay was used to assess apoptosis.Results:Compared with the Sham group, the NDS was decreased (60.75±5.80 vs. 80.00±0.00, P < 0.01), the expression levels of LC3 and p62 elevated [LC3 ( A value): 1.04±0.64 vs. 0.40±0.14, p62 ( A value): 2.75±0.57 vs. 0.36±0.12, both P < 0.05], the number of autophagosomes and apoptotic cells increased in the CA group [(39.00±8.00)% vs. (3.87±1.90)%, P < 0.05]. Compared with the CA group, the NDS (67.75±6.32 vs. 60.75±5.80, P < 0.05), the expression of LC3 ( A value: 1.60±0.34 vs. 1.04±0.64, P < 0.05), and the number of autophagosomes increased in the BK group, while the expression of p62 and the rate of apoptotic cells reduced [p62 ( A value): 1.51±0.32 vs. 2.75±0.57, apoptotic cells rate: (23.03±1.91)% vs. (39.00±8.00)%, both P < 0.05]. Compared with the BK group, the NDS (59.00±8.19 vs. 67.75±6.32, P < 0.05), the expression of LC3 ( A value: 0.62±0.41 vs. 1.60±0.34, P < 0.05) and the number of autophagosomes declined in the CP+BK group, while the expression of p62 and the rate of apoptotic cells elevated [p62 ( A value): 3.50±0.47 vs. 1.51±0.32, apoptotic cells rate: (44.53±10.15)% vs. (23.03±1.91)%, both P < 0.05]. Conclusion:Bradykinin postconditioning played a neuroprotective role in CPR rats by activating autophagy and reducing apoptosis.

OBJECTIVE:To prepare borneol-modified colchicine ethosome,and to evaluate its in vitro transdermal permeation. METHODS:Borneol-modified colchicine ethosome was prepared with ultrasonic injection-probe ultrasonic method,and its ethosome was characterized. The content and moditication rate of borneol in borneol-modified colchicine ethosome was determined by GC;content and encapsulation rate of colchicine was determined by HPLC.Accumulative permeability and permeation rate were investigated for colchicine ethanol solution,colchicine-borneol-ethanol solution,colchicine ethosome without borneol-modification, borneol- modified colchicine ethosome after diffused for 1,3,6,8,12,16,24,48 h. RESULTS:The average particle size of borneol- medified colchicine ethosome was about(110.4 ± 5.1)nm,polydispersity index was 0.110 ± 0.030,Zeta potential was (2.33±0.20)mV,prepared ethosome is approximately spherical in shape and multilaminar vesicles in structure. Encapsulation rate of colchicine was 56.12%,and modification rate was 9.85%. The in vitro diffusion tests showed that after diffused for 48 h, accumulative permeability per unit area of borneol-modified colchicine ethosome was 103.52 μ g/cm2;permeation rate was 1.26 times as colchicine ethosome without borneol-modification,1.77 times as colchicine-borneol-ethanol solution and 5.14 times as colchicine ethanol solution. CONCLUSIONS:Prepared borneol-modified colchicine ethosome has small particle size,narrow particle size distribution,high modification rate and good transdermal permeation.

Objective:To design a novel electromagnetic ejection device for endoscopic suturing to achieve continuous deployment of suture nails.Methods:An electromagnetic ejection device and its accompanying suture nail structure were designed and a prototype was fabricated based on electromagnetic ejection principles. A finite element model of the electromagnetic ejection device was constructed to study the effects of armature-coil center distance and different driving voltages on suture nail ejection speed. An experimental platform for testing electromagnetic ejection velocity was constructed, and a high-speed camera was used to detect the ejection velocity. A platform for the suture embedding experiment was built to measure the effects of different voltages on the inserting speed of suture into the gastric wall tissue. A platform for a suture extraction force experiment was built to evaluate the extraction force of sutures embedded in tissues under different driving voltages.Results:A suture nail structure and electromagnetic ejection device were designed, and a prototype was fabricated. The ejection velocity increased and then decreased with the increase of the armature-coil center distance, and the maximum ejection velocity was 15.81 m/s at the center distance of 18 mm. At this distance, the voltage was linearly related to the ejection velocity, and the experimental values of the staple basically coincided with the simulated values. When the driving voltage was in the range of 150 to 180 V, the suture nails could successfully insert in the tissues, and the 180 V voltage group had a greater insertion depth. The extraction force of the suture nails at 120, 150, 180, and 210 V voltages were (0.49 ± 0.19), (1.14 ± 0.19), (1.23 ± 0.15), and (1.85 ± 0.31) N, respectively.Conclusions:A novel electromagnetic ejection device for endoscopic suturing is proposed that is capable of continuous firing of suture nails. This device provides a new long-distance driving method for intelligent, minimally invasive surgical instruments.