Objective To investigate the expression of two long non-coding RNAs ( lncRNAs ) during HIV-1 infection, which were nuclear-enriched autosomal transcript 1 (NEAT1) and metastasis asso-ciated lung adenocarcinoma transcript 1 ( MALAT1 ) , and their relationships with disease progression . Methods Fifty-nine patients with HIV-1 infection and 21 healthy subjects were recruited in this study , of which 31 patients were highly active antiretroviral therapy ( HAART)-na?ve and 28 patients received HAART for more than one year with undetectable viral loads .Total RNAs were extracted from PBMC and plasma samples, respectively.The levels of NEAT1 and MALAT1 were detected by quantitative real time polymer-ase chain reaction .Results The levels of NAET1 and MALAT1 in PBMC from HAART na?ve patients were 3 to 5 times higher than those in healthy subjects (P<0.01).The levels of NAET1 and MALAT1 in PBMC from HAART treated patients were similar to those in healthy subjects .The levels of NEAT1 in plasma sam-ples from patients with HIV-1 infection were lower than those in healthy subjects , and were positively corre-lated with CD4+T cell counts (P<0.01).No significance differences in the levels of MALAT1 in plasma samples were found between those with and without HIV-1 infection (P>0.05).Conclusion This study suggested that NEAT 1 and MALAT1 might be involved in the disease progression in patients with HIV-1 in-fection.The level of NEAT1 in plasma could be used as a potential biomarker of HIV-1 infection.

The advantages and disadvantages of traditional method and "PBL"(Problem-Based Learning) in Basic Medicine education are analyzed.Based on the analysis above,a new method which possesses the advantages and discards the disadvantages is introduced to adapt to the education in Basic Medicine in China and will be applied to the laboratory education.

BACKGROUND: Perinatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy(HIE) is the primary cause of neonatal brain injury, which retards the mental development in affected infants.OBJECTIVE: To investigate the influence of early intervention on mental and psychological development in infants with HIE, study the time-effect relation of the early intervention, and to find an optimal time for intervention.DESIGN: A time series of following-up and a non-randomized concurrent controlled investigation.SETTING: Xiangya Hospital and Xiangya School of Medicine Affiliated to Central South University.PARTICIPANTS: From February 1999 to May 2001, in the Pediatric Department of Xiangya Hospital Affiliated to the Central South University, the inpatient and outpatient infants with HIE were selected. There were 32 inpatients in the intervention group, 10 with moderate HIE and 22 with severe HIE. There were 36 outpatients in the control group, 10 with moderate HIE and 26 with severe HIE. Comparison was performed between these two groups.METHODS: BRS and the Infant and Child Mental Development Scales,made by The Institute of Psychology of The Chinese Academy of Science and The China National Children' s Center(CNCC), were adopted in the assessment between the two groups.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Mental Development Index(MDI) and Psychomotor Development Index(PDI) scores of the two groups were compared.were significantly higher in the intervention group(90.50 ± 11.12/90. 34±12.49,94.06±14.96/92.03±13.07,90.78±7.46/91.38 ± 13.87)than those in the control group(62.28±7.44/62.67±6.06, 59.11following-up results showed that one patient in the intervention group had a MDI score at the critical threshold value, and two patients had PDI scores at the critical threshold value. For all the other patients in this group, the MDI/PDI scores of them were above the moderate range. In contrast, all the 36 infants in control group had developed mental deficiencies at that time.CONCLUSION: A quantifiable effect of the intervention can be observed in patients at 3 months of life. This indicates that an early intervention is essential for improving the mental development in infants with HIE.

Objective To observe the clinical efficacy ofTong Yuan(short forTong Du Tiao Shen,Yin Qi Gui Yuan, referring to unblocking the Governor Vessel, regulating mind, and guiding qi back to the origin) needling method plus Letrozol and human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) in treating refractory sterility caused by polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS).Method Sixty clomiphene citrate-resistant PCOS-induced sterility patients were recruited and randomized into two groups. The treatment group was intervened byTong Yuanneedling plus Letrozol and HCG, while the control group was intervened only by Letrozol and HCG, both for 3 months. Prior to and after the treatment,the levels of estradiol (E2), follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), and testosterone (T) were detected; the endometrium, ovulation and pregnancy rates were also observed.Result After 3 menstrual cycles, the level of FSH increasedsignificantly (P<0.05), LH decreased significantly (P<0.05), LH/FSH declined significantly (P<0.05), and the level of T also dropped significantly (P<0.05) in both treatment group and control group; the level of E2also dropped significantly after the treatment in both groups (P<0.05), and the decrease in the treatment group was more significantly than that in the control group (P<0.05). The ovulation and pregnancy rates in the treatment group were significantly higher than those in the control group (P<0.05).Conclusion Tong Yuanneedling plus Letrozol and HCG can significantly down-regulate the levels of LH, E2and T, up-regulate the level of FSH, effectively improve the internal reproductive environment of refractory PCOS patients, and enhance the ovulation and pregnancy rates.

BACKGROUND:Exercise has a regulatory effect on intestinal flora dysbiosis,which can effectively protect the beneficial flora and improve the intestinal environment.However,the effect of treadmill exercise on the structure and diversity of intestinal microbial community in Parkinson's disease and the specific mechanism are not clear. OBJECTIVE:Using 16S rDNA technique to analyze the effect of treadmill exercise on the structure and diversity of the intestinal flora of rats with Parkinson's disease,and to investigate the mechanism of non-pharmacological treadmill exercise to improve Parkinson's disease. METHODS:Twelve of the 18 Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly selected to make animal models of Parkinson's disease using unilateral 2-point nigrostriatal injection of 6-hydroxydopamine.The remaining six rats were used as sham-operation group,which were injected with the same dose of saline containing 0.2%ascorbic acid using the same positioning and injection method.After successful modeling,12 rats with Parkinson's disease were randomly divided into model group and treadmill exercise group(n=6 per group).The treadmill exercise group was subjected to a middle and low intensity tread mill exercise,10 m/min,30 minutes per day,5 days per week for 4 weeks.Fresh feces were collected and stored in liquid nitrogen 24 hour after the last exercise session,and the changes in fecal flora were analyzed by 16S rDNA sequencing technique. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Treadmill exercise significantly improved behavior and nigrostriatal tyrosine hydroxylase-positive cell expression in rats with Parkinson's disease model and alleviated changes in the structure and diversity of the gut microbial community caused by Parkinson's disease,increased the number of operational taxonomic units and modulated Alpha and Beta diversity in rats.At the phylum and genus levels,the abundance ratio of Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes in the model group decreased compared with the sham-operated group,while beneficial bacteria such as Prevotella,Bacteroides,and Clostridium_XlV increased significantly after treadmill exercise.To conclude,treadmill exercise has a significant modulating effect on behavioral abnormalities,toxic damage to dopaminergic neurons and gut microbial imbalance caused by Parkinson's disease,alleviates the symptoms of flora-related diseases,and has a positive effect on the improvement of Parkinson's disease.

Objective:To understand the status quo of emotional intelligence, emotional labor, and humanistic caring ability of medical staff, and to clarify their internal relationship.Methods:Convenience sampling was used to select 713 medical staff from a grade A tertiary hospital in Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China. Emotional Intelligence Scale, Humanistic Caring Scale, and Emotional Labor Scale were used to measure the emotional intelligence, humanistic caring ability, and emotional labor of medical staff. SPSS 22.0 software was used to establish a database for statistical description and analysis. Process 3.2 software was used to analyze the mediating effect.Results:In humanistic caring ability, the average score of comprehension dimension was the highest (75.62±8.20) and the average score of patience dimension was the lowest (58.53±5.01). In emotional labor, the average score of the deep action dimension was the highest (23.39±3.85) and the average score of the surface action dimension was the lowest (17.73±3.18). In emotional intelligence, the average score of self-emotion evaluation dimension was the highest (21.76±3.30) and the average score of other-emotion evaluation dimension was the lowest (20.07±3.71). Positive correlations were found between humanistic caring ability and emotional intelligence, between humanistic caring ability and emotional labor, and between emotional intelligence and emotional labor ( P<0.01). Humanistic caring ability had a partial mediating effect between emotional intelligence and emotional labor. Humanistic caring ability had direct and indirect effects on emotional labor, and the effect sizes were 0.279 and 0.029, respectively. Conclusion:Emotional intelligence has a direct positive predictive effect on emotional labor, humanistic caring ability as an intermediary variable indirectly and positively predicts emotional labor. Humanistic caring ability plays a partial mediating role between emotional intelligence and emotional labor. Attention should be paid to the emotional labor of medical staff, and the emotional labor of medical staff should be improved through targeted training on emotional intelligence and humanistic caring ability. These efforts will improve the current situation and establish a harmonious doctor-patient relationship.

Objective:To explore the effect of improved skin cleaning method combined with Incontinence-Associated Dermatitis Intervention Tool (IADIT) in the treatment of incontinence-associated dermatitis in critically ill patients.Methods:By convenience sampling, we selected the patients in Peking University Third Hospital as subjects. A total of 92 critically ill patients with fecal incontinence from March 2017 to February 2018 were set as the control group while 63 critically ill patients with fecal incontinence from March 2018 to February 2019 were set as the experimental group. Patients in the control group received routine care, and those in the experimental group received IADIT care. The incidence, curative effects and healing time of incontinence-associated dermatitis were compared between the two groups.Results:After the intervention, the incidence of incontinence-associated dermatitis in the experimental group was 30.16% (19/63) , which was lower than 44.57% (41/92) in the control group, and the difference between the two groups was statistically significant ( P<0.05) . The effective rate of incontinence-associated dermatitis in the experimental group was 94.74% (18/19) , which was higher than 65.86% (27/41) in the control group, and the difference between the two groups was statistically significant ( P<0.05) . The healing time of incontinence-associated dermatitis in the experimental group was (6.33±3.14) d, which was lower than (11.55±3.41) d in the control group, and the difference between the two groups was statistically significant ( P<0.01) . Conclusions:Compared with traditional empirical nursing methods, targeted interventions based on IADIT for critically ill patients with fecal incontinence can effectively reduce the incidence of incontinence-associated dermatitis, improve the cure rate of incontinence-associated dermatitis and shorten the healing time.

Objectives:To systematically analyze the influencing factors of malnutrition in children with congenital heart disease and provide theoretical reference for the intervention of malnutrition in children with congenital heart disease.Methods:PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, CNKI, Wanfang Database, VIP and Chinese Biomedical literature database were searched for literatures on the influencing factors of malnutrition in children with congenital heart disease. The retrieval period was from the establishment of the databases to April 8, 2021. Two researchers independently screened the literature, extracted data and evaluated the risk of bias. RevMan 5.3 software was used for Meta-analysis of influencing factors, and descriptive analysis was used for factors that were too heterogeneous or could not be combined.Results:A total of 11 literatures were included, including 6 454 children. Meta-analysis results showed that the influencing factors of growth retardation in children with congenital heart disease included pulmonary hypertension [ OR=3.73, 95% CI (2.25-6.18) , P<0.000 01], low birth weight [ OR=2.69, 95% CI (1.25-5.77) , P=0.01] and parental height [ OR=3.88, 95% CI (1.86-8.10) , P=0.000 3]. The influencing factors of low body weight in children with congenital heart disease were pulmonary hypertension [ OR=3.21, 95% CI (2.21-4.66) , P<0.000 01] and low birth weight [ OR=2.75, 95% CI (1.83-4.14) , P < 0.000 01]. The influencing factor of weight loss in children with congenital heart disease was pulmonary hypertension [ OR=3.51, 95% CI (2.21-5.58) , P<0.000 01].In addition, caregivers' emotions, disease cognition and behavior, and children's age and disease were also influencing factors of malnutrition in children with congenital heart disease ( P<0.05) . Conclusions:There are many influencing factors of malnutrition in children with congenital heart disease and pulmonary hypertension and low birth weight are the most common influencing factors. It is suggested that future studies should improve the rigor of design, adopt unified measurement standards, standardize the quality of reports and provide clearer guidance for clinical practice.

Ischemic stroke， also known as cerebral infarction， is the most common type of stroke. Ischemic stroke is extremely harmful with high rates of morbidity， incidence， disability， and mortality， bringing a huge burden on society and families. As a result， finding new and effective prevention and treatment methods is critical. The pathological mechanism of ischemic stroke is very complex and superimposed， with inflammatory response serving as a critical pathological link in the ischemic stroke cascade injury process. NOD-like receptor 3 （NLRP3） is an intracellular sensor， and the inflammatory cascade mediated by the activated NLRP3 inflammasome can exacerbate ischemic stroke injury through the release of inflammatory factors. Taking the NLRP3 inflammasome as the entry point， a large number of experimental studies on the intervention of traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） in the assembly and activation of NLRP3 inflammasome have been carried out， which proved that Chinese medicinal monomers or prescriptions with the main functions of tonifying deficiency， clearing heat and removing toxin， eliminating phlegm， promoting circulation and resolving stasis can interfere with the assembly and activation of NLRP3 inflammasome， reduce the inflammatory response， and relieve ischemic stroke. This study reviewed the assembly and activation of NLRP3 inflammasome， the mechanism of NLRP3 inflammasome in ischemic stroke， and the prevention and treatment of ischemic stroke by TCM through regulation of the NLRP3 inflammasome， which provides a new entry point for the pathological mechanism of ischemic stroke and a direction for the development of new treatments for ischemic stroke.

OBJECTIVE: To study the effects of high-fat (HF) diet and exercise on the expressions of asprosin and CTRP6 in adipose tissues in different regions of rats during mid-gestation. METHODS: Pregnant SD rats were fed on a standard chow diet or a high-fat (60% fat content) diet for 14 days starting on gestation day (GD) 1. Starting from GD3, the rats fed either on normal or high-fat diet in the exercise groups (CH-RW and HF-RW groups) were allowed access to the running wheels for voluntary running, and those in sedentary groups (CH-SD and HF-SD groups) remained sedentary. At the end of the 14 days, adipose tissues were sampled from different regions of the rats for detecting the mRNA and protein expressions of asprosin and CTRP6 using RT-qPCR and Western blotting. RESULTS: The mRNA expression of asprosin in retroperitoneal adipose tissues was significantly higher in HF-RW group than in the other 3 groups ( CONCLUSIONS High-fat diet and exercise during mid-gedtation can affect the expression levels of asprosin and CTRP6 in adipose tissues of rats in a site-specific manner.
Adipokines ; Animals ; Blood Glucose ; Diet, High-Fat/adverse effects* ; Female ; Intra-Abdominal Fat ; Pregnancy ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley