At Showa University, which consists of the Schools of Medicine, Dentistry, Pharmacy, and Nursing and Rehabilitation Sciences, systematic interprofessional education for the purpose of training staff who can contribute to the medical team has been introduced with the cooperation of all 4 schools and through all undergraduate years. In the lower years, students study the basics of medical team care through a 4-school joint curriculum of experiential learning （such as early exposure） and problem-based learning inside and outside of the university. In the upper years, to acquire practical skills, students study the practice of medical team care through a joint curriculum of participatory learning in hospitals and the community. Through this curriculum, I expect that the medical staff to promote patient-centered team medical care in a variety of medical fields will grow in the future.

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Migraine patients are particularly prone to the complication of medication-overuse headache (MOH). Although it has been shown that A allele carriers for the tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-beta gene G252A polymorphism are at high risk of the development of migraine without aura, the relationship between the TNF-beta gene G252A polymorphism and MOH is unknown. We investigated whether the TNF-beta gene G252A polymorphism is involved in the aggravation of migraine by overuse of medications. METHODS: Forty-seven migraine patients (6 males and 41 females; age 36.4+/-10.3 years, mean+/-SD) and 22 MOH patients (1 male and 21 females; age 39.6+/-9.9 years) who had migraine were included in this study. The genotype for the TNF-beta gene G252A polymorphism was determined by polymerase-chain-reaction restriction-fragment-length polymorphism analysis. RESULTS: The distribution of TNF-beta gene G252A genotype frequency differed significantly between migraine and MOH patients (p=0.013). The G/G genotype was carried by 23% of the migraine patients but it was absent in MOH patients. CONCLUSIONS: G/G genotype carriers appear to be less susceptible to the aggravation of migraine by overuse of medications. The G252A TNF-beta gene polymorphism may be one of the factors contributing to the complications of MOH in patients with migraine.
Alleles ; Genotype ; Headache ; Humans ; Lymphotoxin-alpha ; Male ; Migraine Disorders ; Migraine without Aura ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha