The Spt-Ada-Gcn5-acetyltransferase (SAGA) is an ancillary transcription initiation complex which is highly conserved. The ADA1 (alteration/deficiency in activation 1, also called histone H2A functional interactor 1, HFI1) is a subunit in the core module of the SAGA protein complex. ADA1 plays an important role in plant growth and development as well as stress resistance. In this paper, we performed genome-wide identification of banana ADA1 gene family members based on banana genomic data, and analyzed the basic physicochemical properties, evolutionary relationships, selection pressure, promoter cis-acting elements, and its expression profiles under biotic and abiotic stresses. The results showed that there were 10, 6, and 7 family members in Musa acuminata, Musa balbisiana and Musa itinerans. The members were all unstable and hydrophilic proteins, and only contained the conservative SAGA-Tad1 domain. Both MaADA1 and MbADA1 have interactive relationship with Sgf11 (SAGA-associated factor 11) of core module in SAGA. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that banana ADA1 gene family members could be divided into 3 classes. The evolution of ADA1 gene family members was mostly influenced by purifying selection. There were large differences among the gene structure of banana ADA1 gene family members. ADA1 gene family members contained plenty of hormonal elements. MaADA1-1 may play a prominent role in the resistance of banana to cold stress, while MaADA1 may respond to the Panama disease of banana. In conclusion, this study suggested ADA1 gene family members are highly conserved in banana, and may respond to biotic and abiotic stress.
Musa/genetics* ; Phylogeny ; Fungal Proteins ; Cell Nucleus ; Histones ; Stress, Physiological/genetics*

Femoral neck fracture (FNF) in the elderly patients is currently a major health challenge worldwide, with excessive consumption of medical resources, high incidence of complications as well as suboptimal outcome and prognosis. Hip joint arthroplasty (HJA) has been the mainstream treatment for FNF in the elderly, but the conventional surgical approaches and techniques are still confronted with a series of bottlenecks such as dislocation, limp and limb length discrepancy. In recent years, direct anterior approach (DAA) for HJA (DAA-HJA) has been a major new choice in the field of joint replacement, which achieves improved clinical effectiveness of HJA in the treatment of elderly FNF, due to the fact that DAA approach involves the neuromuscular interface and accords with the idea of soft tissue retention and enhanced recovery after surgery. However, there is still a lack of unified understanding of standard technique and procedure of DAA-HJA in the treatment of elderly FNF. Therefore, relevant experts from the Hip Joint Group of Chinese Orthopedics Association of Chinese Medical Association, Youth Arthrology Group of Orthopedic Committee of PLA, Orthopedic Committee of Chongqing Medical Association, Branch of Orthopedic Surgeons of Chongqing Medical Doctor Association and Sport Medicine Committee of Chongqing Medical Association were organized to formulate the " Chinese expert consensus on the technical standard of direct anterior hip arthroplasty for elderly femoral neck fracture ( version 2023)" based on evidence-based medicine. This consensus mainly proposed 13 recommendations covering indications, surgical plans, prosthesis selections, surgical techniques and processes, and postoperative management of DAA-HJA in elderly patients with FNF, aiming to promote standardized, systematic and patient-specific diagnosis and treatment to improve the functional prognosis of the patients.

Glutamate receptor-like (GLR) is an important class of Ca²⁺ channel proteins, playing important roles in plant growth and development as well as in response to biotic and abiotic stresses. In this paper, we performed genome-wide identification of banana GLR gene family based on banana genomic data. Moreover, we analyzed the basic physicochemical properties, gene structure, conserved motifs, promoter cis-acting elements, evolutionary relationships, and used real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) to verify the expression patterns of some GLR family members under low temperature of 4 ℃ and different hormone treatments. The results showed that there were 19 MaGLR family members in Musa acuminata, 16 MbGLR family members in Musa balbisiana and 14 MiGLR family members in Musa itinerans. Most of the members were stable proteins and had signal peptides, all of them had 3-6 transmembrane structures. Prediction of subcellular localization indicated that all of them were localized on the plasma membrane and irregularly distributed on the chromosome. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that banana GLRs could be divided into 3 subclades. The results of promoter cis-acting elements and transcription factor binding site prediction showed that there were multiple hormone- and stress-related response elements and 18 TFBS in banana GLR. RT-qPCR analysis showed that MaGLR1.1 and MaGLR3.5 responded positively to low temperature stress and were significantly expressed in abscisic acid/methyl jasmonate treatments. In conclusion, the results of this study suggest that GLR, a highly conserved family of ion channels, may play an important role in the growth and development process and stress resistance of banana.
Musa/metabolism* ; Phylogeny ; Abscisic Acid/metabolism* ; Temperature ; Stress, Physiological/genetics* ; Hormones/metabolism* ; Gene Expression Regulation, Plant ; Plant Proteins/metabolism* ; Gene Expression Profiling

OBJECTIVE: To study the effect of aquaporin 4(AQP4) in regulating the permeability of blood-brain barrier(BBB) induced by subacute 1,2-dichloroethane(1,2-DCE) inhalation. METHODS: Specific pathogen free healthy CD-1 male Aqp4 genetically engineered mice(Aqp4~(+/+)and Aqp4~(-/-)) were randomly divided into control and low-, medium-and high-dose groups. The mice were exposed to 1,2-DCE at the dosages of 0.00, 100.00, 350.00 and 700.00 mg/m~3 for 6 hours per day for consecutive 28 days by systemic dynamic inhalation. After the end of 1,2-DCE exposure, the BBB permeability was evaluated by Evans blue staining. Real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction method was used to detect the mRNA expression of genes related to BBB tight junction protein(Tjp)1, Tjp2, Tjp3, claudin(Cldn)3, Cldn5, Cldn11, occludin(Ocln), matrix metalloproteinase(Mmp)2, Mmp9 and Na-K-Cl cotransporter-1(Nkcc1). RESULTS: The BBB permeability in mice showed significant change with 1,2-DCE dose and Aqp4 genotype(P<0.01). The BBB permeability of Aqp4~(+/+) genotype mice was higher in low-, medium-and high-dose groups than that of control group(all P values were <0.05). The permeability of BBB was lower in Aqp4~(+/+) genotype mice in the control group than that of Aqp4~(-/-) genotype mice in the same group(P<0.05), but BBB permeability was higher in Aqp4~(+/+) genotype mice in the three dose groups than that of Aqp4~(-/-) genotype mice in the same group(all P values were <0.05). The Cldn3 and Olcn mRNA relative expression in the brain cortex had statistical difference in mice with different genotype(all P values were <0.01). The mRNA relative expressions of Cldn3 and Olcn in the brain cortex were higher in Aqp4~(-/-) genotype mice than that of Aqp4~(+/+) genotype mice(all P values were <0.01). The relative mRNA expression levels of Tjp1, Tjp2, Tjp3, Cldn5, Cldn11, Mmp2, Mmp9 and Nkcc1 in the cerebral cortex of mice were not statistically significant in aspect of 1,2-DCE exposure dose and genotype(all P values were >0.05). CONCLUSION: Exposure to 1,2-DCE can increase BBB permeability in mice, and the mechanism may be associated with 1,2-DCE-induced down-regulation of Aqp4 and up-regulation of mRNA expression of the cerebral cortex TJP-related molecules Cldn3 and Ocln.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the expression of acetyl coenzyme A synthetase short-chain family member 2 (ACSS2) in patients with colorectal cancer (CRC) and its biological role.

METHODSA total of 74 CRC tissue samples and 40 normal colorectal tissues were tested by immunohistochemical staining to detect the expression of ACSS2 (cell staining intensity score: 0 points: without staining, 1 points: weak staining, 2 points: intensity staining, 3 point: strong staining; the percentage of positive cells in tumor or negative score: 0 points: negative, 1 point: <25% positive cells, 2 points: 25%-50% positive cells, 3 points: 50%-75% positive cells, 4 points: >75% positive cells. The product of above two scores was the final score.). Association of ACSS2 expression with clinicopathological characteristics was analyzed. Small interfering RNA (siRNA, including A and B group) was used to knock down the expression of ACSS2 in colorectal cell lines (Lovo, HCT116) and their proliferation, migration and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (E-cadherin and Snail as markers) after knocking down were observed.

RESULTSThe expression of ACSS2 was significant higher in CRC tissue than that in normal colorectal tissue (tumor average score 6.284, normal tissue average score 3.625, P<0.01) and the percentage of positive cell was higher than that in normal tissue (tumor 69.9%, normal tissue 45.1%, P=0.000). The use of ACSS2 siRNA successfully knocked down the expression of ACSS2 in Lovo and HCT116 cells. A mild suppression of cell proliferation was observed 5 days after planked (A450 value: Lovo-NC 1.758±0.041, Lovo-ACSS2-siA 1.485±10.026, Lovo-ACSS2-siB 1.371±0.049; HCT116-NC 2.609±0.038, HCT116-ACSS2-siA 2.260±0.042, HCT116-ACSS2-siB 2.295±0.029). While a remarkable ability decline of cell migration was found (Lovo-NC 225±5/field, Lovo-ACSS2-siA 40±5/field, Lovo-ACSS2-siB 79±3/field; HCT116-NC 198±7/field, HCT116-ACSS2-siA 96±7/field, HCT116-ACSS2-siB 77±9/field, P<0.05). Real-time quantitative PCR detection showed that in Lovo cells, expression of E-cadherin up-regulated and expression of Snail down-regulated, while in HCT116 cells, E-cadherin up-regulated slightly [E-cadherin: Lovo NC 1.000±0.211, Lovo-siA 3.403±0.207, Lovo-siB 2.658±0.420 (P<0.05); HCT116 NC 1.000±0.121, HCT116-siA 1.349±0.197, HCT116-siB 1.528±0.147(P>0.05); Snail: Lovo NC 1.000±0.085, Lovo-siA 0.468±0.030, Lovo-siB 0.499±0.088 (P<0.05); HCT116 NC 1.000±0.118, HCT116-siA 0.265±0.020, HCT116-siB 0.194±0.017 (P<0.05)].

CONCLUSIONCRC tissues have high expression of ACSS2, which may be associated with cell migration and epithelial-mesenchymal transition.

Objective To explore the effect of diammonium glycyrrhizinate(DG) and astragalus membranaceus (AM) injection on the clinical comprehensive score in patients with acute lung injury (ALI). Methods According to the random number table method,a prospective random controlled study was conducted in which 60 cases of patients with ALI were divided into a study group and a control group(each,30 cases). Both groups received a comprehensive treatment based on the new guidelines,and the study group was additionally given DG and AM injection(DG 150 mg+AM 20 ml)one time per day for 7 days. The scores of lung injury,acute physiology and chronic health evaluationⅡ(APACHEⅡ)and systemic inflammatory response syndrome(SIRS)were measured at baseline,3rd and 7th day after treatment,and ventilation support time and final disease mortality rate were also calculated in all the patients. Results There were no statistically significant differences between the two groups in the scores of lung injury,APACHEⅡand SIRS before treatment and after treatment for 3 days(all P>0.05),with prolonged treatment,the above indexes were significantly reduced compared with those before treatment in the two groups,and the decreases in scores of indexes in study group was more significant than those in control group after treatment(lung injury score:1.31±0.99 vs. 2.29±1.08,APACHEⅡscore:18.43±8.17 vs. 24.23±6.98,SIRS score:1.69±0.89 vs. 2.60±1.04,all P<0.01). The time(hour)for ventilator support in study group was shorter than that in the control group(176.10±57.81 vs. 286.07 ± 156.27,P<0.01),but there was no statistically significant difference in mortality rate between the two groups(13.33%vs.16.67%,P>0.05). Conclusion The results suggest that DG and AM injection improve the scores of lung injury,APACHEⅡand SIRS,and alleviate the lung injury,so that the injection is beneficial to the early weaning from the ventilator to support treatment in patients with acute lung injury,and has certain therapeutic effect on ALI.

Objective To explore, the levels of serum highsensitive C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) in different subtypes of acute ischemic stroke (AIS) and its significance. Methods According to TOAST criteria, 124 cases of AIS were divided into four groups: large-artery atherosclerosis (LAA,47 cases), small-artery occlusion (SVO,37 cases), cardiogenic cerebral embolism (CE,21 cases), acute stroke of other determined etiology and stroke of other undetermined etiology (ODE and UE, 19 cases). The serum concentration of hs-CRP was measured with the immunoturbidimetry in every patient of each group at 72 hours, 7 and 14 days after admitted to hospital. Meanwhile 81 healthy persons were involved in control group. Results The serum concentrations of hs-CRP at 72 hours, 7 and 14 days after onset were (10.77 ± 4.27),(16.41±5.61), (7.63±3.59) mg/L in LAA group;(3.99± 1.56), (6.45±3.25), (4.22±3.21) mg/L in SVO group; (11.60±4.85), (25.14±7.12), (9.24±4.61) mg/L in CE group; (6.09±2.43), (9.65 ±4.65), (5.89 ± 2.68) mg/L in ODE and UE group. The serum concentrations of hs-CRP in LAA group, CE group, ODE and UE group were significantly higher than those in control group [(4.26 ± 1.34) mg/L] (P <0.05) except for that in SVO group, the level of serum hs-CRP in the three groups showed significant difference among the different time (P< 0.05). Conclusions The level of serum hs-CRP in AIS patients is increased and positively correlated with the disease severity. The changes of hs-CRP level are performed in various subtypes of TOAST, and show time-dependent effects. Inflammatory response may play an important role in the pathological mechanism of AIS.

Based on the introduction and cultivation of Alisma germplasm which were from Fujian, Jiangxi and Sichuan provinces, the biological characteristics, morphological characteristics and quality were observed and studied. After three-year continuous experiment and monographic study, there were remarkable difference in the biological characteristics, morphological characteristics and product quality of Fujian Alisma, Sichuan Alisma and Jiangxi Alisma. Fujian Alisma and Jiangxi Alisma were the same plant species of A. orientalis, whereas Sichuan Alisma and Fujian Alisma were the different plant species of A. plantago-aquatica. The study results will provide the theoretical and practical basis for the genuine medicinal materials research and good agricultural practice (GAP) of Alisma.
Alisma ; chemistry ; genetics ; growth & development ; China ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; analysis ; Quality Control

Objective To study the therapeutic effect of reconstruction in improving trachea esophagus vocalization after total laryngectomy.Method We reviewed the reconstruction of vocalization with trachea esophagus tunnel in 12 cases patients of total laryngectomy,i.e. a triangular mucous valve was made by incision of the posterior wall of the trachea with the correlative anterior wall of the esophagus made into a tunnel and the mucous valve would vocalize.Result 11 of the 12 cases obtained successful vocalization,counting for 91% of the total. Atresia of the vocalizing valve occurred in one case.Conclusion Trachea esophagus tunnel vocalization reconstruction has better therapeutic effect with good vocalization effect and fewer complications and easily performed.It avoided the shortcomings of necrosis and atresia of the vocalization valve and pharyngeal fistula formation,and the complexity of exchange of artificial vocalization tube again and again.

Objective To study the impact of environmental temperature on the development of Schistosoma japonicum larvae within the Oncomelania hupensis. Methods Oncomelania snails, collected from the field and free of S. japonicum infection, were exposed to miracidiae of S. japonicum in a ratio of 1∶20 and raised at 30 ℃, 27 ℃, 24 ℃, 21 ℃ and 18 ℃, respectively. The prepatent period of larvae within the Oncomelania hupensis and the developmental velocity were determined, of which the relationship with the temperature was analysed. Results The average prepatent period of cercariae in snail was (128.89?16.05) d,(95.00?21.03) d,(71.93?12.74) d and (62.74?14.19) d at 21 ℃, 24 ℃, 27 ℃, 30 ℃, respectively. The regression formulation between prepatent period and temperature was y =730.68x -0.8918 (r=0.9976, P