Objective To understand the blood lipid levels and abnormal conditions of the senior citizens aged over 65 in Shenz-hen city and provide a scientific basis for prevention of dyslipidemia.Furthermore,to investigate the influence of dyslipidemia on the result of hemoglobin(Hb).Methods Through random investigation of 252 samples aged over 65 in Shenzhen on their fasting serum TC,TG,HDL-C,LDL-C and Hb in peripheral venous blood and analyze current situation of dyslipidemia.By comparing the groups with dyslipidemia (A,B,C,D group)and group with normal blood lipid (E group),investigation on the influence of dyslipidemia on Hb was conducted.Results The total prevalence of dyslipidemia was 48.02%,TG,TC,LDL-C,HDL-C prevalence was 26.19%, 32.14%,25.79%,17.86% respectively.The average value of TG,TC,LDL-C,HDL-C respectively was(1.53 ±0.66),(4.79 ± 0.90),(2.96±0.77),(1.28±0.26)mmol/L.The prevalence and the difference of average level on TG between male and female was significant in statistics(P <0.01).There had been statistical differences of Hb among groups A,B and group E(P <0.05 ). Conclusion The total prevalence of dyslipidemia of people over the age of 65 in Shenzhen is higher than average,especially in TC. There is interference on Hb when TG,TC is abnormal.Therefore,emphasis should be laid clinically and related rectification must be carried out to ensure the accuracy of Hb.

Objective:To explore the application of Allostatic Load (AL) in evaluation the effect of management for patients with type 2 diabetes.Methods:According to the control objectives of each indicator in the Guidelines for the Prevention and Treatment of Type 2 Diabetes in China, the P75 and P80 of the subjects before intervention, AL was calculated, which were AL1-1, AL1-2 and AL1-3 respectively. On the basis of the above three indicators, the number of complications was taken as the numerical sum to obtain AL2-1, AL2-2 and AL2-3. Study participants were from a one-year randomized controlled intervention trial in patients with type 2 diabetes. Patients in the control group were treated with the integrated diabetes management mode used bg the tier-three medical institutions, while the intervention group added the intervention based on " Your Doctor" App on the basis of the above strategy. The changes of 6 types of AL and HbA 1C in the two groups before and after intervention were compared. Two groups of patients were treated with propensity score matching method to ensure the balanced distribution of covariates between groups. Multiple regression analysis was used to explore the factors influencing the effect of AL intervention. Two independent samples t-test, paired t-test and chi-square test were used to analyze the efficacy of the intervention. Results:After propensity score matching, the control group and the intervention group each included 483 patients. Among the six types of AL, the score of AL2-1 was the highest, while the score of AL1-3 was the lowest. Compared with baseline, all other indicators in the two groups decreased after intervention except ALL-3 in control group ( P<0.05).Patients who were residing in rural areas, having less co-habitants and more diabetic complications, and lower annual household income, shown higher AL ( P<0.05). The number of complications and the situation of urban or rural areas were the factors influencing the effect of AL intervention. Conclusions:More research is needed on AL as an early evaluation index of the effect of comprehensive management of diabetes.

This paper analyzed challenges and difficulties in the teaching of academic English for doctoral postgraduates. The ideas of putting emphasis on listening and speaking course of academic English,compiling suitable teaching material,encouraging teachers to advance against the hardship were proposed. At the same time,it took China pharmaceutical university as an example to discuss the practice of listening and speaking course of pharmaceutical English for doctoral postgraduates and summed up the experiences in the enaction of teaching objectives,curriculum provision,compilation of teaching material,design of teaching model,etc. The purpose was to provide experiences for teach-ing reform of listening and speaking course of pharmaceutical English.

Objective To investigate the effect of stanozolol on nitrogen balance ,grip strength and clinical outcomes of criti‐cal patients with high nutrition risk .Methods We enrolled patients who were admitted to the ICU of Guizhou provincial Hospital during the time period from January 2014 to June 2014 and ,as patients with high nutrition risk .Patients ,who received same base nutritional support program ,were divided into two groups .Treatment group who were treated with stanozolol administrated with gastric or jejunal tube for 7 days by 4 mg Tid .The control group whose members underwent placebo simultaneously with the treat‐ment group .The nitrogen balance ,grip strength of both groups was measured when at admitted and 4th as well as 7th day .Prealbu‐min ,total bilirubin ,alanine aminotransferase ,and aspartate aminotransferase were measured when at the same time and before leave hospital .The duration of the mechanical ventilation ,ICU stays ,hospital stays and mortality within 28 days were recorded .Results There was no statistical significance in the differences between all the indicators of the two groups at admission(P>0 .05) .The du‐ration of mechanical ventilation ,ICU stays ,hospital stays were decreased significantly in the treatment group (P<0 .05) compared to the control group .But the mortality within 28 days had no significant difference between two groups (P>0 .05) .Nitrogen bal‐ance ,prealbumin ,grip strength and liver function parameters in the treatment group were significantly higher than they were been at admitted and control group at 4th and 7th day (all P<0 .05) .Liver function parameters of treatment group gradually decreased to the normal range before discharge .Conclusion In critically ill patients treated with anabolic steroid stanozolol ,can promote protein synthesis ,reduce muscle and other lean tissue decomposition ,improve clinical symptoms ,short the length of hospital stay and ICU stay .But we should pay more attention on liver function in critically ill patients who treated with stanozolol .

Objective:To evaluate the impact of health education intervention on promoting rural residents to join new rural cooperative medical system(NCMS)and their intention of joining NCMS based on Health Belief Model in project areas in Henan and Jilin Provinces.Methods:Quasi-experiment study was used to evaluate intervention impact.Following the evidence-based approach,according to needs assessment,a half-year health education intervention was implemented among farmers in the experimental counties in Henan and Jilin Provinces respectively.A questionnaire survey was conducted among farmers in intervention and control counties before and after intervention,and intervention impact was evaluated by comparing the indicators' changes in intervention and control counties.Results:After health education intervention,the knowledge level of farmers in two intervention counties increased by 29.0% and 37.8% respectively,their scores of perceived threatens of health risk and perceived barriers of joining NCMS among the respondents were decreased.Meanwhile,their score of perceived benefit of joining NCMS were increased,and the rate of willingness to join NCMS increased remarkably in both intervention counties.Conclusion:Health education was effective and helpful in increasing farmer's knowledge,understanding and cognitive level of NCMS,and it should play an important role for the sustainable development of NCMS.

Objective To investigate the application of U100plus laser in treating incarcerated in gallbladder stones. Methods The clinical data of 52 patients accepted U100plus laser lithotripsy of gallbladder neck incarcerated were retrospective analyzed. Results All 52 patients were successful treated by surgery. Twelve patients with gallbladder wall edema, drainage tubes were used to prevent bile leakage after gallbladder surgery. After 2~4 d, the ultrasound examination showed that no abnormal drainage, and tube was removed. The mean operative time was 40 min. The mean intraoperative bleeding was 2 mL. Patients were able to get out of bed 1 day after surgery. The average length of hospital stay was 4 d. Pa-tients were followed up for 6 to 30 months, and no special discomfort, The ultrasonography showed no stone recurrence. Conclusion U100plus laser lithotripsy is a safe and effective method for treating incarcerated gallbladder stones.

Objective To predict the biological process and signaling pathways in which hsa-miR-1908 might be in-volved by a series of bioinformatics analysis, so as to lay foundations and provide theoretical basis for the further studies of hsa-miR-1908 biological function in human preadipocytes. Methods The sequence of hsa-miR-1908 was acquired from miR-Base database, and target genes of hsa-miR-1908 were predicted by miRanda, and then the intersection of the results and the results of gene-chip as gene set were further analyzed by gene ontology and pathway enrichment. Results The hsa-miR-1908 had some conserved property among different species. The functions of the target genes were enriched in Wnt receptor signal-ing pathway through beta-catenin, cell cycle, cell apeptosis and other biological processes. The GnRH signaling, MAPK sig-naling, insulin signaling, cell cycle signal transduction pathways and signaling pathway in pancreatic cancer were signiifcantly enriched. Conclusions The target genes set of hsa-miR-1908 were enriched in multiple biological process which are related with the obesity. This study provides guidance for the further study in human preadipocytes.

Objective To investigate the clinical effect of nicorandil for treatment of patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS).Methods A prospective randomized controlled trial was conducted. A total of 40 cases of patients with ARDS admitted to Department of Critical Care Medicine of Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital from October 2012 to October 2014 were enrolled, and they were randomly divided into two groups, 20 cases in each group. The two groups were treated with routine western medicine after admission. On this basis, the observation group was given nicorandil 10 mg, while the control group was given warm boiled water 10 mL, through gastric tubes 3 times a day, the therapeutic course being consecutive 5 days in both groups. The length of stay in intensive care unit (ICU), duration of mechanical ventilation after treatment, oxygenation index (OI), alveolo-arterial oxygen partial pressure difference (PA-aO2), positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP), acute physiology and chronic health evaluation Ⅱ (APACHE Ⅱ) score, Glasgow coma score (GCS) before and after treatment, the predicted death rate (PDR) and 28-day mortality were compared between the two groups. The predicitive factors for 28-day mortality were screened by binary logistic analysis.Results The length of stay in ICU and duration of mechanical ventilation of control group were longer than those of observation group, but the difference was not statistically significant [ICU length of stay (day): 14.55±12.71 vs. 9.15±6.00, duration of mechanical ventilation (day): 13.25±12.27 vs. 7.75±5.32, bothP > 0.05]. After treatment, the GCS was higher than that before treatment in control group and observation group (11.95±3.98 vs. 10.75±4.89, 12.95±3.67 vs. 12.20±4.56), while APACHE Ⅱ score, PDR and PEEP were all lower than those before treatment [APACHE Ⅱ: 21.05±8.58 vs. 24.90±5.63, 18.70±11.21 vs. 26.65±7.67; PDR: (47.71±29.49)% vs. (61.00±23.29)%, (36.79±18.49)% vs. (56.12±18.16)%; PEEP (cmH2O, 1 cmH2O = 0.098 kPa): 4.40±3.14 vs. 5.75±2.59, 3.80±2.55 vs. 7.55±3.32], but there were no statistically significant differences between the two groups before and after treatment (allP > 0.05). After treatment, the OI was significantly higher and the PA-aO2 was significantly lower than those before treatment in the two groups, and the degrees of improvement of the observation group were more remarkable than those of the control group [OI (mmHg, 1 mmHg = 0.133 kPa): 224.72±85.12 vs. 141.37±45.82, PA-aO2 (mmHg): 132.60±46.64 vs. 204.30±121.2, bothP < 0.05]. The 28-day mortality of observation group was lower than that of control group, but no statistically significant difference was seen [15% (3/20) vs. 25% (5/20),χ2 = 0.156,P > 0.05). Binary logistic regression analyses showed that the PA-aO2 [odds ratio (OR) = 0.958,P = 0.013, 95% confidence interval (95%CI) = 0.927 - 0.991], APACHE Ⅱ score (OR = 0.882,P = 0.010, 95CI = 0.803 - 0.970), GCS (OR = 1.399, P = 0.004, 95%CI = 1.111 - 1.761) and PDR (OR = 0.907,P = 0.002, 95%CI = 0.853 - 0.965) after treatment were the independent predictors of 28-day mortality.Conclusion Nicorandil can significantly improve oxygenation, but cannot reduce 28-day mortality in patients with ARDS.

Objective To explore the effects and possible mechanism of calcium-sensing receptor(CaSR) in rat myocardial H9c2 cells hypertrophy model using angiotensin Ⅱ (Ang Ⅱ).Methods Cardiac hypertrophy model was established by treating cultured H9c2 cells with Ang Ⅱ in vitro.Hypertrophic H9c2 cells were treated with gadolinium chloride (GdCl3,a specific agonist of CaSR) and/or with Calhex231 (a specific inhibitor of CaSR) and 3-methyladenine (3-MA,a specific inhibitor of autophagy) to divided into 5 groups (six in each group):control,Ang Ⅱ,GdCl3 + Ang lⅡ,GdCl3 + Calhex231 + Ang Ⅱ,GdCl3 + 3-MA + Ang Ⅱ groups.To evaluate the status of H9c2 cells hypertrophy,protein content was determined through a coomassie brilliant blue protein kit and the expression of Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase Ⅱ (CaMK Ⅱ) and the phosphorylation form (pCaMK Ⅱ/CaMK Ⅱ) was analyzed by Western blotting.The protein expression of CaSR,autophagy maker [Beclin-1,micmtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3(LC3)Ⅱ/LC3 Ⅰ,P62] and Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent-protein kinase-kinase-β (CaMKKβ)-activated protein kinase (AMPK)-mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway was analyzed by Western blotting.Results ①GdCl3 further increased H9c2 cells protein content [control group:(2.52 ± 0.84) g/L,Ang Ⅱ group:(8.72 ± 3.60) g/L GdCl3 + Ang Ⅱ group:(14.17 ± 4.49) g/L,all P ＜ 0.05] and the expression of CaSR (control group:0.22 ± 0.04,Ang Ⅱ group:0.43 ± 0.02,GdCl3 + Ang Ⅱ group:0.63 ± 0.08,all P ＜ 0.05) and pCaMK Ⅱ/CaMKⅡ (control group:0.25 ± 0.05,AngⅡ group:0.51 ± 0.03,GdCl3 + AngⅡ group:0.77 ± 0.06,all P＜ 0.05) induced by Ang Ⅱ.Calhex231 suppressed the increasing of hypertrophy indicators induced by GdCl3 [GdCl3 + Calhex231 + AngⅡ group,CaSR:0.41 ± 0.16,protein content:(9.92 ± 2.54) g/L,pCaMK Ⅱ/CaMKⅡ:0.58 ± 0.08,all P ＜ 0.05].②GdCl3 promoted the effect of Ang Ⅱ in regulation of autophagy such as Beclin-1 protein increased (control group:0.31 ± 0.06,AngⅡ group:0.55 ± 0.09,GdCl3 + AngⅡ group:0.74 ± 0.08,all P ＜ 0.05),LC3 Ⅱ/LC3 Ⅰ increased (control group:0.28 ± 0.06,Ang Ⅱ group:0.56 ± 0.10,GdCl3 + Ang Ⅱ group:1.00 ± 0.15,all P ＜ 0.05) and P62 protein decreased (control group:0.54 ± 0.03,AngⅡ group:0.34 ± 0.02,GdCl3 + AngⅡ group:0.15 ± 0.03,all P ＜ 0.05).Moreover,Calhex231 suppressed autophagy induced by GdCl3 (GdCl3 + Calhex231 + Ang Ⅱ group,Beclin-1:0.53 ± 0.14,LC3 Ⅱ/LC3 Ⅰ:0.57 ± 0.12,P62:0.28 ± 0.05,all P ＜ 0.05).③GdCl3 increased pCaMKKβ/CaMKKβ (control group:0.43 ± 0.09,AngⅡ group:0.76 ± 0.12,GdCl3 + AngⅡ group:1.19 ± 0.21,all P ＜ 0.05),pAMPK/AMPK (control group:0.38 ± 0.11,AngⅡ group:0.68 ± 0.08,GdCl3 + AngⅡ group:1.18 ± 0.08,all P ＜ 0.05) and decreased pmTOR/mTOR (control group:0.90 ± 0.10,Ang Ⅱ group:0.54 ± 0.04,GdCl3 + AngⅡ group:0.29 ± 0.09,all P ＜ 0.05).Furthermore,Calhex231 blocked the effect of GdCl3 on the above-mentioned proteins changes (GdCl3 + Calhex231 + Ang Ⅱ group,pCaMKKβ/CaMKKβ:0.75 ± 0.06,pAMPK/AMPK:0.57 ± 0.05,pmTOR/mTOR:0.51 ± 0.08,all P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion Inhibiting calcium-sensing receptor expression has reversed H9c2 cell hypertrophy induced by Ang Ⅱ,which may be related to suppressing autophagy and suppressing CaMKKβ-AMPK-mTOR pathway.

OBJECTIVE: To explore the clinical effect of ultrasound guided microwave ablation in the treatment 01 recurrent thyroid nodules. METHOD: Seventy-five cases of recurrent thyroid nodules were treated with ultrasound guided microwave ablation(MWA) under local anesthesia. All the patients underwent biopsy puncture, then the microwave ablation needle puncted in the center site of nodule with energy of 25-35 W, and the center tempera- ture could reach to 70-95 °C. RESULT: MWA were successfully performed in all the patients without significant com- plications. Temporary hoarseness occurred in 5 cases and dispeared after 1-3 weeks, choking water occurred in 2 patients and recovered 3-5 days later. Ultrasound examination showed that the bloodstream of thyroid nodules disappeared in all the patients, and the nodules diminuted with varying degrees at 3-month and at 6-month follow- up Serum FT4 and TSH did not change significantly. CONCLUSION Ultrasound guided MWA could be effective in the treatment of recurrent thyroid nodule with minimal invasive technology.
Anesthesia, Local ; Catheter Ablation ; Humans ; Microwaves ; Recurrence ; Thyroid Nodule ; surgery ; Treatment Outcome ; Ultrasonics