Objective: To explore the effects of parenting style on emotional and behavioral problems (EBPs) of preschool children and to provide theoretical reference for promoting children s physical and mental health. Methods: In October-November 2021, a stratified cluster random sampling method was adopted to select 3 575 preschool children aged 3-6 years from 12 kindergartens in Hefei. Data on parenting styles and children s EBPs were collected through electronic questionnaires. Binary Logistic regression model was used to explore the effects of parenting styles on children s EBPs. Results: The detection rates of emotional symptoms, conduct problems, hyperactivity, peer interaction problems, and prosocial behavior problems were 15.5% ( n =554), 23.2% ( n =830), 22.4% ( n =802), 38.2% ( n =1 367), and 29.5% ( n =1 055) in preschool children, respectively. Binary Logistic regression analysis showed that after adjusting for covariates such as child s age, sex, and preterm birth, a high authoritative parenting style reduced the risk of EBPs in children ( OR =0.29-0.78), while a high authoritarian ( OR =1.36-2.15) and high permissive ( OR =1.36-1.68) parenting style in mothers increased the risk of EBPs in children (all P <0.05). Further stratified analysis indicated that among children with fathers exhibiting high authoritative, high authoritarian, or high permissive parenting styles, a high authoritative parenting style in mothers reduced the risk of peer interaction problems and prosocial behavior problems ( OR =0.51, 0.30 ; 0.44, 0.23; 0.51, 0.29, all P <0.05). Among children with fathers exhibiting a high authoritative parenting style, a high authoritarian parenting style in mothers increased the risk of emotional problems ( OR =2.59), and both high authoritarian and high permissive parenting styles in mothers increased the risk of conduct problems ( OR =3.25, 2.09) and hyperactivity problems ( OR =2.35, 2.87) (all P <0.05). Among children with fathers exhibiting high authoritarian or high permissive parenting styles, a high authoritarian parenting style in mothers increased the risk of EBPs ( OR =1.65-2.71, 1.62-2.52, all P <0.05). Conclusion Parenting style is an important factor affecting EBPs of preschool children, and appropriate parenting style is beneficial for children s psychological development.

Objective To explore the guiding significance of preoperative 3D reconstruction for pulmonary nodule location and thoracoscopic surgical method selection in lung cancer patients. Methods The clinical data of the patients with preoperative 3D reconstruction in our China-Japan Friendship Hospital between January and November 2023 were retrospectively analyzed. Preoperative surgical planning was performed using 3D reconstruction. Different surgical procedure, including wedge resection, segmentectomy, lobectomy, or combined surgical procedure were performed based on tumor location, size and distance from the pleura. Results A total of 115 patients were included with 45 males and 70 females, at an average age of 25-84 (58.29±11.36) years and successfully completed the operation. Fifty-five (47.8%) patients' nodule diameter was tangent cross-section, among whom twenty-five (21.7%) patients of nodules crossed sections. There were 21 patients of wedge resection in the outer 1/3 nodules of CT, which had shorter operation time and less cost (P<0.001) and less intraoperative bleeding (P=0.019). For the crossing sections or edge crossing sections nodules of the middle and inner of CT, 6 patients were of simple pulmonary segmentectomy, 8 patients of combined with sub-segmentectomy, 7 patients of combined segmentectomy, 5 patients of lobectomy, and 3 patients of wedge resection. Conclusion The proportion of cross-segment pulmonary nodules is relatively high. For the outer 1/3 nodules of CT, compared with pulmonary segmental resection combined with adjacent lung tissue resection, wedge resection can also ensure sufficient surgical margin, and the middle and inner 1/3 nodules of CT need to be combined with adjacent pulmonary tissue resection to ensure the surgical edge.

Objective To explore the effect of transcutaneous electrical acupoint stimulation(TEAS)on perioperative analgesia in elderly patients undergoing lumbar fusion internal fixation.Methods Eighty-two elderly patients undergoing lumbar fusion internal fixation within two levels,57 males and 25 fe-males,aged 65-74 years,BMI 18.5-24.0 kg/m2,ASA physical status Ⅰ-Ⅲ,were randomly divided into two groups:TEAS group and control group,41 patients in each group.Both groups were given tracheal intubation intravenous general anesthesia.TEAS group was treated with TEAS from 30 minutes before anes-thesia induction to the end of the operation,and continued TEAS for 2 days after surgery,once a day,30 minutes once time,and the stimulation sites were bilateral Hegu,Neiguan,and Zusanli.In the control group,the electrodes were only connected at the same time point without electrical stimulation.Both groups were treated with bilateral erector spinae plane block(ESPB)under ultrasound guidance after anesthesia in-duction.PCIA was performed by connecting the analgesic pump after operation.HR and MAP before stimu-lation and at the time of skin incision were recorded.The dosage of propofol and remifentanil and the number of sufentanil additions during operation were recorded.The addition rate of sufentanil was calculated.The resting and activity VAS pain scores 2,4,8,12,24,and 48 hours after operation were recorded.First compression time of analgesic pump,the consumption of sufentanil 48 hours after operation,the ratio of ef-fective pressing times of analgesic pump to actual pressing times(D1/D2),rescue analgesia rate and ad-verse reactions were recorded.Results Compared with control group,HR was slowed down significantly and MAP was decreased significantly at the time of skin incision in TEAS group,the rate of sufentanil addi-tions,the activity VAS scores 2,4,8,12,24,and 48 hours after operation,the resting VAS pain scores 12,24,and 48 hours after operation in TEAS group were significantly decreased,the first compression time of analgesic pump was significantly prolonged,the consumption of sufentanil 48 hours after operation was significantly decreased,D1/D2 was significantly increased,the rate of rescue analgesia,nausea and vomi-ting,dizziness were significantly decreased(P＜0.05).Conclusion TEAS can provide better analgesia for elderly patients undergoing lumbar fusion internal fixation,reduce the use of opioids,prolong the postop-erative analgesia time and reduce the incidence of postoperative adverse reactions.

Based on the"pivot movement"theory of distinguished physician Huang Yuanyu in the Qing Dynasty,it is believed that the core mechanism of abdominal flatulence disease is the unfavorable operation of the central axis pivot,and the ascent and descent disorder of qi movement in the central earth.The pathogenesis of abdominal flatulence disease was explained from the perspectives of mistakenly dropping the damage to yang,keeping the lung qi from falling,and declining central qi deficiency.The main concept of clinical practice was to promote the movement of the middle earth,promote the movement of the spleen and stomach,and restore position of yin and yang and clearing and turbidity.Examples were given of the five commonly used TCM prescriptions,including Xiaqi Decoction,Banxia Xiexin Decoction,Gancao Xiexin Decoction,Shengjiang Xiexin Decoction and Xuanfu Daizhe Decoction,to explain the treatment approach guided by the theory of"pivot movement",in order to provide reference for clinical diagnosis and treatment.

Objective:To evaluate the anesthetic effect of transcutaneous electrical acupoint stimulation (TEAS)-erector spinal plane block (ESPB)-general anesthesia in elderly patients undergoing lumbar spine surgery.Methods:A total of 100 American Society of Anesthesiologists Physical Status classification Ⅱ or Ⅲ elderly patients, aged 65-75 yr, with a body mass index of 19-27 kg/m 2, undergoing elective lumbar fusion internal fixation within two levels in the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine from October 2023 to March 2024, were selected and divided into 2 groups ( n=50 each) using a random number table method: TEAS group (T group) and control group (C group). In T group, TEAS was performed at 30 min before anesthesia induction until the end of operation, then transcutaneous electrical stimulation of bilateral Hegu, Neiguan and Zusanli was performed for 2 consecutive days after surgery, once a day, 30 min per time. Electrodes were applied to the same acupoints without electrical stimulation in group C. After induction of general anesthesia, bilateral ESPB was performed under ultrasound guidance, and 0.375% ropivacaine 20 ml was injected on each side in both groups. Patient-controlled intravenous analgesia was carried out with sufentanil citrate from the end of surgery until 48 h after surgery. When VAS score≥4, tramadol was intravenously injected as rescue analgesic. The consumption of remifentanil and propofol, the total number of successfully delivered doses (D1) and the number of attempts (D2) within 48 h after operation, and the D1/D2 ratio and rescue analgesia were recorded. The concentrations of interleukin-6, interleukin-10, tumor necrosis factor-α and T-lymphocyte subsets (CD3 +, CD4 +, CD8 + ) were determined before stimulation of acupoints and at 24 and 48 h after surgery. The CD4 + /CD8 + ratio was calculated. Results:Compared with group C, the consumption of intraoperative remifentanil was significantly decreased, D1 and D2 were reduced, the D1/D2 ratio was increased, the rate of rescue analgesia was decreased, the serum concentrations of interleukin-6, interleukin-10 and tumor necrosis factor-α were decreased at each time point after operation, and the serum concentrations of CD3 + and CD4 + and CD4 + /CD8 + ratio were increased in group T ( P<0.05). Conclusions:Compared with combination of ESPB and general anesthesia, TEAS-ESPB-general anesthesia can provide better analgesic effect, reduce postoperative inflammatory responses and improve the immune function in elderly patients undergoing lumbar spine surgery.

Objective:To explore the influence of pulmonary nodule size, nodule location, fissure, surgical approach, surgical entrance, postoperative pathology, surgical method and other factors on the relevant information of basal segmentectomy under thoracoscopy.Methods:Retrospectively analyze 103 patients who underwent thoracoscopic basal segmentectomy of the lung from January 2023 to February 2024. According to the classification of nodule size, nodule position, development of pulmonary fissure, surgical approach, number of surgical entrance, postoperative pathology, surgical method, tc., the influence of single factor Logistic regression analysis was used to explore the influence of various factors on the relevant information of pulmonary basal segmentectomy under thoracoscopy. Results:When the dependent variable was the surgery duration, single factor analysis showed that CT location( P=0.024), nodule composition( P=0.029), surgical entry( P=0.002), surgical method( P<0.001), and surgical approach( P=0.052) significantly influenced the surgery duration. Variables with P<0.1 in the single factor analysis were included in the multivariate analysis, which showed that surgical entry and surgical method significantly influenced surgery duration( P<0.05). When the dependent variable was the total hospitalization cost, single factor analysis showed that CT location, surgical approach, and surgical method significantly influenced the total hospitalization cost( P<0.1). Multiple factor analysis showed that the surgical method affected the total hospitalization cost, with significantly higher costs when S9 or S10 lung segments were resected( P=0.050). When the dependent variable was postoperative drainage duration, single factor analysis showed that the condition of the lung fissures significantly influenced postoperative drainage duration( P=0.028). Multiple factor regression analysis showed that incomplete lung fissure development significantly increased the possibility of postoperative air leaks( P=0.034). Conclusion:The surgical access may significantly affect the operation time, which is the use of uniport thoracoscopy is shorter than the multi-port operation time, the surgical method does not contain S9/S10 is shorter than that of S9/S10, and the total cost of hospitalization is lower. The completeness of the fissure will significantly decrease the possibility of postoperative pulmonary leakage.

Objective:To explore whether lung microorganisms influence the occurrence and development of early lung adenocarcinoma by analyzing the presence and changes of local microorganisms in early lung adenocarcinoma.Methods:Tumor tissues and alveolar lavage fluid were collected from 32 patients diagnosed with lung adenocarcinoma at the China-Japan Friendship Hospital. Nextseq550DX was used for DNA sequencing. R language was used to calculate the number of microorganisms in the tumor tissue and alveolar lavage fluid samples of different stages and grades. species and diversity, and use statistical methods such as TSEA and LEfSe analysis to compare the diversity and differences of microorganisms in different groups. Results:Both Actinobacteria and Proteobacteria accounted for a higher proportion in both the tumor tissue and alveolar lavage fluid samples of patients with lung adenocarcinoma. The number of microorganisms detected in the tumor tissue was greater than that in the lavage fluid, and the alpha diversity was higher, but the difference Not significant( P<0. 05). According to the analysis of differences in lung microorganisms in patients with different pathological grades: In the two samples, invasive adenocarcinoma has more microorganisms than carcinoma in situ + microinvasive carcinoma, and the alpha diversity of the lavage fluid is significantly higher, and the comparison between the groups is statistically significant( P=0. 011); the difference in β diversity was not statistically significant( P>0. 05). Group analysis based on different pathological types: the invasive adenocarcinoma group samples showed a decrease in Proteobacteria, the carcinoma in situ + minimally invasive cancer group was mainly composed of Proteobacteria, and most of the microorganisms related to lung cancer differences analyzed in each group belonged to Proteobacteria and Actinobacteria. Phylum. Conclusion:Most of the microbes in tumor tissues and lavage fluid of lung adenocarcinoma belong to the Actinobacteria and Proteobacteria. Most of the differentially associated microbes of lung cancer under different classifications also belong to Proteobacteria and Actinobacteria, which are the main characteristics of lung microbial composition in patients with early-stage lung adenocarcinoma.

ObjectiveTo explore the inhibitory effect of water extract of Broussonetiae Fructus on hepatocellular carcinoma （HCC） induced by diethyl nitrosamine （DEN） in mice based on homologous phosphatase and tensin homolog/phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase B （PTEN/PI3K/Akt） signaling pathway. MethodThe primary HCC mouse model was constructed by intraperitoneal injection of DEN solution， and the HCC mice were randomly divided into model group， sorafenib group （0.01 g·kg^-1·d^-1）， low-dose Broussonetiae Fructus water extract group （0.9 g·kg^-1·d^-1）， medium-dose Broussonetiae Fructus water extract group （1.8 g·kg^-1·d^-1）， and high-dose Broussonetiae Fructus water extract group （3.6 g·kg^-1·d^-1）， with 10 mice in each group. Another 10 C57BL/6 mice were selected as a control group and intraperitoneally injected with an equal volume of normal saline. Mice were treated with different concentrations of Broussonetiae Fructus water extract when liver cancer-like white nodules appeared. sorafenib group was treated with sorafenib. The control group and model group were intraperitoneally injected with normal saline. The activities of alkaline phosphatase （ALP）， aspartate aminotransferase （AST）， alanine aminotransferase （ALT）， and γ-glutamyl transferase （γ-GT） in the serum of mice were detected by the biochemical analyzer. The expression levels of alpha-fetoprotein （AFP） and carcinoembryonic antigen （CEA） were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay （ELISA）. The degree of hepatocyte canceration and hepatocyte injury were observed by Hematoxylin-eosin （HE） and Masson staining. The proliferation of HCC cells was observed by immunohistochemical staining. The apoptosis of HCC cells in mice was observed by erminal-deoxynucleotidyl transferase mediated nick end labelling （TUNEL） staining. The expression levels of PTEN， PI3K， Akt， and p-Akt proteins related to the PTEN/PI3K/Akt signaling pathway were detected by Western blot. ResultCompared with the control group， the activities of ALP， AST， ALT， and γ-GT， as well as the expression levels of AFP and CEA in the model group were significantly increased （P<0.01）. Carcinogenesis and inflammatory cell infiltration were obvious in liver tissue of mice， and a large number of blue collagen fiber hyperplasia was found. The number of Ki67 positive cells was significantly increased （P<0.01）， and the expression level of PTEN protein was significantly decreased， while PI3K and p-Akt protein expression was increased （P<0.01）. Compared with the model group， the activities of ALP， AST， ALT， and γ-GT， as well as the expression levels of AFP and CEA in the medium-dose and high-dose Broussonetiae Fructus water extract groups were significantly decreased （P<0.05， P<0.01）. The degree of carcinogenesis and inflammatory cell infiltration in liver tissue were reduced， and the collagen fiber hyperplasia was significantly reduced. The number of Ki67 positive cells was significantly decreased， and the number of TUNEL positive apoptotic cells was significantly increased （P<0.05， P<0.01）. PTEN protein expression was increased， while p-Akt protein expression was significantly decreased （P<0.05， P<0.01）. ConclusionThe water extract of Broussonetiae Fructus has a significant inhibitory effect on DEN-induced primary HCC in mice， and its mechanism may be related to the regulation of key protein expressions in the PTEN/PI3K/Akt signaling pathway.

Sodium alginate (SA) is a kind of natural polymer material extracted from kelp, which has excellent biocompatibility, non-toxicity, biodegradability and abundant storage capacity. The formation condition of sodium alginate gel is mild, effectively avoiding the inactivation of active substances. After a variety of preparation methods, sodium alginate microspheres are widely used in the fields of biomaterials and tissue engineering. This paper reviewed the common methods of preparing alginate microspheres, including extrusion, emulsification, electrostatic spraying, spray drying and coaxial airflow, and discussed their applications in biomedical fields such as bone repair, hemostasis and drug delivery.
Alginates ; Biocompatible Materials ; Drug Delivery Systems ; Microspheres ; Plastic Surgery Procedures

Many efforts have been made to understand excitotoxicity and develop neuroprotectants for the therapy of ischemic stroke. The narrow treatment time window is still to be solved. Given that the ischemic core expanded over days, treatment with an extended time window is anticipated. Bestrophin 1 (BEST1) belongs to a bestrophin family of calcium-activated chloride channels. We revealed an increase in neuronal BEST1 expression and function within the peri-infarct from 8 to 48 h after ischemic stroke in mice. Interfering the protein expression or inhibiting the channel function of BEST1 by genetic manipulation displayed neuroprotective effects and improved motor functional deficits. Using electrophysiological recordings, we demonstrated that extrasynaptic glutamate release through BEST1 channel resulted in delayed excitotoxicity. Finally, we confirmed the therapeutic efficacy of pharmacological inhibition of BEST1 during 6-72 h post-ischemia in rodents. This delayed treatment prevented the expansion of infarct volume and the exacerbation of neurological functions. Our study identifies the glutamate-releasing BEST1 channel as a potential therapeutic target against ischemic stroke with a wide time window.