Objective To investigate the clinical effectiveness of hysteroscopy in cervical conization for benign lesions. Methods A total of 1026 patients with benign cervical lesions were treated by cervical conization under a hysteroscope from January 2000 to December 2006. Results The operation time was 5-25 min and the intraoperative blood loss was 5-100 ml. The patients received re-examination 3 menstrual cycles after the operation. Among them, 990 patients were cured (cure rate,96.5%); the other 36 patients (34 improved and 2 ineffective) were cured after the second operation. No surgery related complications occurred. Conclusion Hysteroscopy is effective for cervical conization. The method is worth being widely used for fewer complications.

Objective To analyze the new breeding of eggplant "HANGQIE-5"(HQ-5) generated by space mutagenesis with RAPD,identify the differential RAPD bands,and try to provide molecular proofs for space mutation breeding.Methods Dry seeds of two eggplants "Tianshuichangqie(TSCQ)" and Longguoyuanqie(LGYQ) were carried by "shenzhou-4" and "shenzhou-3"spaceship.Two mutant lines "TSCQ-MUT-4" and "LGYQ-MUT-4" were selected after four generations of self-cross of TSCQ and LGYQ.A new variety of "HQ-5" was selected by crossing the two lines of "TSCQ-MUT-4" and "LGYQ-MUT-4",which were male and female,respectively.The RAPD reaction system was optimized with orthogonal design and further RAPD analysis was applied.Results The RAPD reaction system was determined as follows: DNA: 40 ng,dNTPs: 7.5 nmol,primer: 10 ng,and rTaq polymerase: 1.25 U.The RAPD results displayed that TSCQ-MUT-4 produced four differential bands compared with its wild type,while LGYQ-MUT-4 produced one,through space flight.Six differential fragments were amplified between HQ-5 and the paternal/maternal.HQ-5 not only shared the common fragments with its parents,but also held some particular ones,which were stably inherited.Conclusion The results indicate that space mutagenesis could cause mutations in DNA of plants,and is helpful to generate a new breeding.

Objective To evaluate the value of diffusion weighted imaging (DWI)in distinguishing the solid solitary pulmonary nodule (SPN).Methods 42 patients with SPN (malignant in 25 and benign in 1 7)who were confirmed by operation,biopsy or follow up after treatment underwent routine chest T1 WI,T2 WI and DWI.The b values were chosen as 300,500,800 and 1 000 s/mm2 ,and the corresponding apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC)values and the signal intensity (SI)were respectively measured.Results The ADC values and SI of benign and malignant SPNs were gradually reduced with increasing b value.The ADC value between benign and malignant SPNs was statistically significant with b value of 500 s/mm2 (P 500 =0.03 <0.05 ),meanwhile the SI was statistically significant with b values from 300 to 1000 s/mm2 (P 300 <0.001,P 500 =0.03 <0.05,P 800 =0.01 <0.05, P 1 000 =0.02<0.05).Conclusion Both SI and ADC value of DWI play important role in distinguishing benign and malignant SPNs, and the diagnostic efficiency of SI is superior to ADC value.

Objective To identify whether the calf or porcine cervical spine is a suitable substitute specimen for vitro spine study by comparing the biomechanical characteristics of porcin, calf and human cervical segments. Method Twelve fresh (age: 1 year; average weight: 60-80 kg) porcine cervical spines (C0-T1) and twelve fresh (age: 1 week; average weight： 40-50 kg) calf cervical spines (C0 T1) were taken. The twelve specimens were divided into two groups. One group of six was divided into C2-C3, C4-C5, C6-C7; the other group was divided into C3-C4, C5-C6. The muscle and soft tissue of each functional segment (C2-C3, C3-C4, C4-C5, C5-C6, C6-C7) were removed, preserving the full ligament, and then each functional segment was tested respectively. The flexion/extension, axial left/right rotation, and right/left lateral bending were applied continuously on the range of motion(ROM) and neutral zone(NZ). The findings in the study were compared with the published data of human cervical spine. Results In rotating and extension/flexion of NZ, the calf and human cervical spines were relatively similar, but they were far greater than that of the porcine cervical spine. In the lateral bending, the NZ of porcine C2-C3 was 69.7% of human, the NZ of porcine C6-C7 was 60.4% of human, and other segments were far smaller than human; the calf cervical spines were different from human, except the C2-C3. In bending and extension flexion of ROM, the porcine and human cervical spines were very similar. But they were far less than the calf, approximately 50% of calf; in the rotation, C2-C3 of porcin was about 69% of human, and other segments were less than the human. The calf cervical spine was much larger than human, and the smallest gap was in C4-C5 of 3.5 °. Conclusions The C2-C3 and C6-C7 of porcin can replace the human cervical spine in nearly all biomechanical experiments on spines. The ROM of calf is bigger than human cervical, but the C2-C3 and C3-C4 of calf are similar to human in biomechanics.