OBJECTIVE: Probe into the causes of postoperative delayed hemorrhage of low temperature plasma tonsillectomy in children. METHOD: The methods of retrospective analysis the difference of postoperative bleeding time and bleeding rate between tonsillectomy by the low temperature plasma and the traditional cold surgical devices in 2-14 years old children. Plasma group contained the tonsillectomy by low temperature plasma between the March in 2012 to the August in 2013. Traditional group contained the tonsillectomy by traditional cold surgical devices between the March in 2005 to the August in 2006. RESULT: In the 1,000 cases of plasma group, 19 cases occurred postoperative hemorrhage, the hemorrhage rate was 1. 9%. Four cases occurred postoperative primary hemorrhage in 8 hours after operation, the postoperative primary hemorrhage rate was 0. 4%. Fifteen cases occurred postoperative delayed hemorrhage, the delayed hemorrhage rate was 1. 50%, the bleeding time was 2-13 days after operation, the average number was 7. 5 days. Nine cases had wound infection and 6 cases had eaten some food improperly in these 15 cases. And in these eaten improperly cases, 4 children had eaten fruit and hard food, 2 children had eaten a little food who lost their weight. In 860 cases of the traditional group, 29 cases occurred postoperative hemorrhage, the hemorrhage rate was 3. 37%. 26 cases occurred postoperative primary hemorrhage in 8 hours after operation, the postoperative primary hemorrhage rate was 3. 02%. Three cases occurred postoperative delayed hemorrhage, the delayed hemorrhage rate was 0. 35%, the bleeding time was 2-6 days, the average number was 4 days. CONCLUSION It is preferable for chileren to having low temperature plasma tonsillectomy. The causes of postoperative delayed hemorrhage of low temperature plasma tonsillectomy in children are probably related to the postoperative infection, the differences of operation skills, the method of stop bleeding, eating the wrong foods, irritating cough, improper nursing and so on.
Adolescent ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Cold Temperature ; Humans ; Plasma Gases ; Postoperative Hemorrhage ; etiology ; Retrospective Studies ; Tonsillectomy ; adverse effects ; methods

Objective To discuss different effect of periocular injection and subconjunctival injection in treatment of iridocyclitis. Methods Eighty people with iridocyclitis were divided into group A and group B according to their admission order. Group A adopted periocular injection and group B was given subconjunctival injection. The incidence of complication was compared between the two groups. Results Significant difference existed in complications and related factors between two groups after treatment, periocular injection proved to be superior to subconjunctival injection. Conclusions Periocular injection is a desirable treatment method for iridocyclitis. It is easy to operate, safe, rapid and with less pain, so it is worthy of clinical application.

Objective To investigate the safety and feasibility of fast track surgery (FTS)in patients with vaginal hysterectomy for non -prolapsed uterus.Methods 1 1 0 cases of vaginal hysterectomy for non -prolapsed ute-rus with benign uterine disease were randomly divided into two groups:fast track group (n =55)and conventional group (n =55).The operative time,intraoperative blood loss,postoperative nausea and vomiting,anal exhaust time, postoperative hospital stay,medical cost and perioperative complications were compared between the two groups. Results In FTS group,the incidence rate of postoperative nausea and vomiting,the postoperative anal exhaust time, hospital stay,cost of hospitalization were 1 6.4%,(1 3.73 ±2.41 )h and (4.38 ±1 .08 )d,(7 541 .00 ± 253.1 7)yuan,respectively,which in the control group were 36.4%,(1 8.56 ±1 .54 )h,(4.89 ±1 .26 )d, (8 1 55.1 5 ±495.89)yuan,the differences were statistically significant between the two groups (χ2 =5.67,t =-1 2.53,-2.28,-8.1 7,all P <0.05).There was no significant difference in the operative complications between the two groups (P >0.05).Conclusion FTS has good security.It can short the hospitalization time,reduce medical costs and improve the quality of life in patients who underwent vaginal hysterectomy for non -prolapsed uterus with benign uterine disease.

BACKGROUND: Insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) is a peptide hormone, it has been proved a promotion role on the proliferation of precursor cells. OBJECTIVE: To explore the intravenous injection of IGF-1 on the proliferation, migration and differentiation of neural stem cells in rats after cerebral ischemia. METHODS: Eight adult male SD rats were randomly divided into control group and experimental group, with 40 rats in each group. The rats in two groups were used to prepare models of focal cerebral ischemia using modified suture method, the rats in the experimental group were treated with tail vein injection of IGF-1, according to 100 μg/kg computation, the injection was given for 6 continuous days; in the control group, rats were given equal volume of saline. The rats were decapitated at 7, 14, 21, 28 days following intervention, respectively, and rats in each group were given intraperitoneal injection of the BrdU at 1 day before death. Immunohistochemistry and double staining were applied to detect the expressions of BrdU-positive cells, PSA-NCAM-positive cells, BrdU + PSA-NCAM double-positive cells, and BrdU + MAP2 double-positive cells. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The number of BrdU-positive cells and PSA-NCAM positive cells reached the peak at 7 days after ischemia; BrdU + PSA-NCAM double-labeled-positive cells could be detected in ischemic bilateral subependymal zone and dentate gyrus, the number was the most at 7 days, then followed by a gradual decrease; the BrdU + MAP2 double-positive cells began to increase from 14 days, and then gradually increased along with the decrease of BrdU + PSA-NCAM double-positive expression, showing a reverse trend. Intravenous injection of IGF-1 can induce the proliferation, differentiation and migration of neural stem cells in rats following ischemic brain injury.

ObjectiveTo explore the clinical manifestations of infant cytomegalovirus infection in different age. MethodThe clinical data of 237 infants who suffered from cytomegalovirus infection was analyzed retrospectively and divided into three groups: 0-3 months old (77 cases,group A) ,4-6 months old ( 65 cases , group B ) , 7-12 months old ( 95 cases , group C ). ResultsThe incidence of respiratory infection was the highest among all infectious organs in three groups, the numbers of patients who had wheeze in group A was less than that in the other two groups[24.7％(19/77) vs. 61.5％ (40/65), 61.1％( 58/95 )](P ＜ 0.01 ).The incidence of jaundice decreased gradually as the babies grew up[23.4％( 18/77 )→7.7％(5/65 )→1.1％( 1/95 )](P ＜ 0.05). There was no significant difference in diarrhoea and bleeding among three groups (P＞0.05 ). The proportion of alanine aminotransferase], aspartate amino transferase increasing was similar among three groups, but gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT) was different, the proportion of GGT increasing was 77.9％ (60/77) in group A which was higher than that in the other two groups[10.8％ ( 7/65 ), 2.1％ ( 2/95 )].Granulocytopenia in group B was obviously decreased compared with the other two groups (P ＜ 0.05 ), anemia was easily occurred in group C (P ＜ 0.05 ). ConclusionThe injury of cytomegalovirus infection may be related to month old.

Objective To investigate the surgical selection of retinal detachment with myopic macular holes. Methods Management strategies were adopted according to the ocular symptoms of patients with high myopia involved in posterior chorioretinal atrophy, the colour showed by the bottom of macular holes and the shape of posterior staphyloma. Seventy-five eyes of 72 patients fulfilled the study criteria. The patients were followed up in an average of eight-month-observation and were divided into three groups: single 16% C2F6 gas tamponade (26 eyes of 26 patients) as group A,vitrectomy combined with 16% C2F6 gas tamponade (26 eyes of 23 patients) as group B and vitrectomy with silicon oil tamponade (23 eyes of 23 patients) as group C. Results 69.2%(18/26) of the macular holes were closed in group A, 73.1%(19/26)in group B and 87.0% (20/23) in group C after the primary surgery. Comparison of postoperative outcomes,macular hole closure rate was not significantly different among three groups (P= 0.3184). Conclusions It suggests that good anatomic retinal reattachment be achieved using any approach. However, the optimal surgical choice regarding of the personality case offered less surgical burden and more rapid visual rehabilitation to patients.

Mutagenesis of several male contraceptives in sperm bead anomalies was investigated. Results show that glycosides of tripterygium wilfordii hook (GTW) and its monomer T13, microwave induce sperm head anomalies. However, gossypol and monomer T4 and GTW do not induce sperm head anomalies. Adult male mice and rats were given orally GTW, monomer T4, T13 and gossypol. These chemical agents were delivered in 1% methylcellulose. Result indicated that frequency of abnormal sperm heads in GTW, T13 groups were significantly increased, while frequency of abnormal sperm heads in T4 and gossypol-treated animals were similar to that of normal controls. When male mice were exposed to microwaves of 0.5 kW for 1-2 min, for five weeks abnormal shape of spermatozoa could be found.

Objective To evaluate the effects of selective hepatic vascular occlusion SHVO) on the prognosis of patients undergoing hepatic resection for huge liver cancer.Methods The clinical data of 49 patients who received huge liver cancer resection at the Zhejiang People's Hospital from January 2005 to January 2010 were retrospectively analyzed.Based on the type of hepatic vascular occlusion,all patients were divided into Pringle's maneuver group (24 patients) and SHVO group (25 patients).The intraoperative condition,postoperative recovery of hepatic and renal function,incidence of complications,survival rate and recurrence rate of liver cancer of the 2 groups were compared.All data were analyzed by using the t test or Fisher exact probability.The survival curve was drawn by using the Kaplan-Meier method and the survival of the 2 groups was compared by using the Log-rank test.Results Hepatectomy was successfully performed on all the patients.Time for blood occlusion were (32 ±19) minutes in the Pringle's maneuver group and (34 ± 22)minutes in the SHVO group,with no significant difference between the 2 groups (t =2.45,P ＞ 0.05).The volume of blood loss of the Pringle's maneuver group was (736 ± 543) ml,which was significantly greater than (273 ± 298) ml of the SHVO group (t =6.87,P ＜0.05).The incidences of hepatic vein rupture were 21％ (5/24) in the Pringle's maneuver group and 24％ (6/25)in the SHVO group,with no significant difference (x2=1.45,P＞0.05).The course of 3 patients was complicated by hepatic vein rupture and hemorrhage and 1 by air embolism in the Pringle's maneuver group,while no hemorrhage or air embolism happened in the SHVO group.Four patients in the Pringle's maneuver group and 3 in the SHVO group were found with vascular invasion,while the resection margins were negative.There was no significant difference in the hepatic function in the 2 groups before operation.The levels of alanine aminotransferase in the SHVO group at postoperative day 1 and 3 were significantly lower than those in the Pringle's maneuver group (t=7.12,6.35,P ＜ 0.05).There was no significant difference in the levels of blood urea nitrogen and creatinine between the 2 groups (P ＞ 0.05).Acute hepatic dysfunction was found in 4 patients in the Pringle's maneuver group,but no patients with acute hepatic dysfunction was found in the SHVO group.The 1-and 3-year tumor-free survival rates were 58％ and 21％ in the Pringle's maneuver group,which were significantly lower than 72％ and 30％ in the SHVO group (x2 =5.32,6.07,P ＜ 0.05).The 5-year tumor-free survival rates were 21％ in the Pringle's maneuver group and 20％ in the SHVO group,with no significant difference between the 2 groups (x2 =1.78,P ＞ 0.05).Conclusion SHVO is safe,feasible and effective to prevent hemorrhage and postoperative acute hepatic dysfunction,and it is also helpful in reducing early-stage tumor recurrence and improving the tumor-free survival rate in patients with huge liver cancer.

Objective To observe the efficacy ofvitrectomy combined with internal limiting membrane (ILM) peeling and scleral shortening for myopic foveoschisis (MF).Methods Prospective and non-randomized concurrent control study.A total of 35 MF patients (35 eyes) were enrolled in this study.The patients were divided into 2 groups according to surgery,including group A (18 eyes) and group B (17 eyes),all received vitrectomy combined with ILM peeling,but group A also received scleral shortening.The best corrective visual acuity (BCVA) examination using the Snellen vision chart was converted to the minimum resolution logarithm (logMAR).Ocular axis length (AL) was measured by Zeiss IOL-Master or A-scan ultrasound (Quantel Medical,France).The maximal value of retinal foveoschisis (MxFT) was measured by frequency-domain optical coherence tomography (Heidelberg,Germany).Multifocal electroretinogram (mfERG) responses were obtained with the RETIscan system (Roland Consult,Gemany).There was no statistically significant difference between the two groups (P＞0.05) in age (t=0.460),AL (t=1.520),diopter (t=0.020),logMAR BCVA (t=-2.280),MxFT (Z=-4.179) and b-wave ERG amplitude (Z=-0.198).The changes of BCVA,AL,MxFT and b wave amplitude were followed-up for 3-12 months.Results At the last follow-up,the height of MF was decreased in 18 eyes of group A,and MF was completely disappeared in 4 eyes.The logMAR BCVA (t=7.272,5.951),MxFT (Z=-3.724,-3.622) and b-wave ERG amplitude (Z=-3.223,-3.243) in both groups A and B were statistically improved (P=0.000,0.000,0.000,0.000,0.001,0.001) compared to pre-operational results.There was significant difference of logMAR BCVA (t=-2.280) and MxFT (Z=-4.179) between the two groups (P=0.029,0.000).But there was no significant difference in the amplitude of b-wave (Z=-0.198,P=0.843).The AL in group A was shortened after surgery,the difference was statistically significant (t=10.017,P=0.000).During the follow-up,there was no ocular hemorrhage,endophthalmitis and other complications.Conclusion PPV combined with ILM peeling and scleral shortening can shorten AL significantly for MF patients,and gain relative normal anatomical structure of the fovea,thus improve the vision.

Objective To evaluate the relative efficacy of different dosages of Calf Pulmonary Surfactant (Calsurf) administration in premature infants with established respiratory distress syndrome (NRDS).Methods Four neonatal intensive care units in Jiangsu province were enrolled.Premature infants,birth weight ＜ 2 500 g,with NRDS,received 70 mg/kg (61 cases)or 100 mg/kg (69 cases)Calsurf.Clinical and respiratory parameters were recorded.The primary outcome measures were blood gas analysis of 1 h,12 h and 36 h after administration,the need for oxygenation and ventilatory requirements and the adverse events of NRDS.Results Arterial oxygen tension[pa (O2)] results in a significant improvement(80.27-±36.81) mmHg,(73.03 ±24.94) mmHg and (72.35 ± 24.72) mmHg at 1 h,12 h and 24 h in higher dose group(P ＜ 0.05),(67.95 ± 23.79) mmHg,(72.35 ± 24.72) mmHg in 24 h,as compared with the lower dose group at the same time [(67.07 ± 19.94) mmHg,(62.93 ± 21.71) mmHg,(67.95 ±-23.79) mmHg] (P ＞ 0.05).Inspired oxygen (FiO2) and pa (O2) decreased after administration in two groups and the duration of FiO2 decline lasted to 48 h (all P ＜ 0.05).The oxygen index (OI) was improved after Calsurf administration,especially in the infants who received 100 mg/kg of Calsurf with 6.1 ± 2.8,5.6 ± 3.3,5.5 ± 3.5,5.8 ± 4.5,5.3 ± 3.1 in 1 h,12 h,24 h,36 h,48 h,respectively(P ＜ 0.01).The arterial-to-alveolar oxygen tension ratio (a/APO2) of 100 mg/kg group was reduced significantly in 1 h,12 h,24 h,36 h,48 h with 0.39 ±0.22,0.42 ±0.20,0.45 ± 0.22,0.44 ± 0.22,0.46 ± 0.21 as compared with 0.27 ± 0.18 which was at the time point before administration (P ＜ 0.01).Although not statistically significant,the mean time of duration of mechanical ventilation and oxygen inhalation of higher dose group were decreased as compared to the lower dose group [(94.54 ± 113.44) h vs (109.27 ± 124.87) h (P＞0.05) and (259.10 ±280.45) vs (372.31 ±398.08) h(P ＞0.05)].There were no significant differences in the rates of other adverse events such as pneumonia,pneumothorax,intracranial hemorrhage,patent ductus arteriosus (PDA),pneumorrhagia,necrotizing enterocolitis,septicemia between two groups (P ＞ 0.05).Conclusions Calsurf given to preterm infants with NRDS at a dose of 100 mg/kg resulted in a higher Pa (O2),a/APO2,better OI and lower FiO2 as compared with those receiving 70 mg/kg.The need for mechanical ventilation and oxygen supplement were reduced with higher-dose administration.Large dose of Calsurf did not increase the risk of complications as mentioned above.