Point of care testing (POCT) is a laboratory-medicine discipline that is evolving rapidly in analytical scope and clinical application.Medical-laboratory tests can be performed at the point of care,shortening the time caused by sample transportation and preparation.At present,POCT contains many items,ranging from blood-glucose measurement to coagulation assays.But,errors in results in POCT practical applications are usually caused by personnel and methodology.Management of POCT detection within the hospital should be strengthened to ensure the quality of POCT in order to provide better services for patients.

Objective This article made an exploration on the feasibility of combined applica-tion of TBL with LBL in immunology experiment teaching, and analyzed teaching effectiveness of such combined model in order to find a new way of teaching reformation. Methods 2012 grade biophar-maceutical technology students were chosen in this research, one class as the experimental group(n=42), the other one as control group(n=42). In the experimental group, students were taught on a TBL+LBL combination model, while in the control group, students were taught only on LBL model. After the course was finished, effects of teaching were evaluated by questionnaire survey and compre-hensive ability evaluation. SPSS 18.0 software was used to do statistical analysis. Quantitative data and qualitative data were analyzed by t test and chi-square test respectively. P<0.05 means that difference is statistically significant. Results Above 90.0% of students in experiment group approved that TBL+LBL can improve the interest in learning , can enhance sense of teamwork , can help acquiring of knowledge and improving of individual comprehensive ability. Average score of comprehensive ability evaluation and percentage of students achieving good score in experimental group were higher than those in control group, the differences were statistically significant(t=2.020, P=0.049; χ2=6.372, P=0.012). Conclusion The TBL+LBL combination model can improve immunology experiment teach-ing quality, and is worth publicizing.

Objective To evaluate the effects of desamethasone in pregnancy on fetal pituitary-adrenal functions.Methods From May 2003 to November 2003 24 cases of intrahepatic cholestasis of pregancy(ICP) in the third trimester were treated with dexamethasone.The levels of ACTH and cortisone in the umbilical blood were detected after delivery.The pregnant Wistar rats were intramuscularly injected of dexamethasone(1 mg?kg-1?d-1) from the pregnancy day 15 for 5 days as group B,while the rats in group A received no dexamethasone as control group.The levels of ACTH and cortisone of the rat fetus as well as the ACTH in fetal pituitary gland by immunohistochemistry were examined.Results The ACTH level in the umbilical blood of the fetus increased and the cortisone level decreased as compared to that of the control group.Treatment with desamethasone to pregnant rats resulted in enhanced expression of ACTH,increased serum ACTH concentration,and decreased concentration of cortisol in the rat fetal pituitary gland.Conclusion Treatment with dexamethasone in pregnancy causes some impact on the adrenal gland of the newborn rats in the near future.

Objective To explore the function of unfolded protein response(UPR) in the differentiation of neural cells. Methods In this study, all trans retinoic acid was used to induce the mouse embryonic stem (ES) cells to differentate, immunocytochemistry and RT PCR were adopted to detect the expression of neural specific markers. With this differentiation system derived from ES cells, the expression of UPR molecules was assayed by RT PCR and Western blot respectively. Results Large amount of cells expressing neural tissue specific markers were obtained. With the differentiation of the cells, the expressions of Irel ? declined in different degree in both RA treated and untreated cells, the expression level was lower in RA untreated cells than that in RA treated cells. The expression of Grp78 was up regulated in RA induced cells, however, no increase of the expression of Grp78 could be detected in RA untreated cells.Conclusion RA induced differentiation of ES cells could be used as the neural differentiation model. The expressions of UPR molecules were associated with expressions of neural tissue specific marker molecules, which suggested that UPR signaling might play a role in neural cell differentiation. [

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a common chronic metabolic disorder,it results from an interaction of environmental as well as genetic factors.There were several kinds of oral antidiabetic drugs (OADs),including biguanides,sulfonylureas,thiazolidinediones,and meglitinides,etc.Several genes have been identified to be associated with disease development and therapeutic outcomes.Inter-individual variations in the human genome affect both,risk of T2DM development and personalized response to identical drug therapies.Pharmacogenomics approaches focus on single nucleotide polymorphisms and their influence on individual drug response,efficacy and toxicity.Therefore,pharmacogenomics in T2DM is of great importance towards precision medicine which will greatly improve the efficacy of diabetes treatment.In this paper,antidiabetic drugs and related gene polymorphism researches are reviewed.

Nuclear receptors(NRs)superfamily signaling plays an important role in regulating the expression of gene involved inenergy homeostasis.The nuclear receptors regulate target gene expression through the recruitment of coregulatory proteins,which act as scaffolds or plateforms for linking NRs with enzyme complexes that modify DNA and histones.As a transcriptional co-repressor for NRs,RIP140 negatively regulates the transcription of target gene in metabolic tissue,such as adipose tissue,muscle and liver.In the absence of RIP140,genes expressions involved in metabolic pathways were upregulated including glycolysis,triglyceride synthesis,TCA cycle,fatty acid ? oxidation,mitochondrial electron transport and oxidative phosphorylation.RIP140 may be a candidate therapeutic target for metabolism syndromes.

Objective: To eliminate the noise of the plethysmography wave and obtain plethysmography wave signal without noise. Methods:Using sym4 and combining the improved wavelet threshold wavelet algorithm to remove high frequency white noise of plethysmography wave, and then using spline differential fitting method to remove baseline drift of pulse wave volume. Results:The experimental results show that the high frequency noise and baseline drift of plethysmography wave have been removed effectively processed by the sym4 wavelet and combining with improved threshold of wavelet algorithm and spline difference after fitting. Conclusion:The method can well remove the noise of the plethysmography wave and retains the effective information of plethysmography wave effectively.

Malignant tumors are the most common lethal diseases in China.Because of complexity of etiology and pathogenesis , and the lack of specific markers for early diagnosis , delayed diagnosis and treatment of cancer , the fatality rate is high.With the development of basic research , more and more early specific markers were found , but the current detection mostly depend on the professional laboratories , time-consuming , high price and have a number of inconveniences to patients on time and money.Meanwhile , it′s difficult to extend to zoon of medicine resources deficient.Recently, point-of-care testing (POCT) has been rapidly developed , because of its portability , getting results quickly , can be operated in basic medical units and economic backward areas , so it′s benefit to cancer screening in human.By the application in tumor markers, POCT can be done for the cancer early detection , early diagnosis and early treatment , so then cuts the death rate.

Various collateral circulations were detected by 2D color Doppler flow imaging(2DCDFI)in the part of 70 patients of liver cirrhosis with portal hypertension,including reopened umbilical veins,dilated focal intrahepatic veins,dilating,hepatofugal centrifugal hepatic blood flow in the portalveins,perisplenic and retroperitoneai varices etc.Red and blue blood flows were detected in the collateral circulations by 2D-CDFI and appeared as continuous venous spectrum with low velocity blood volume could be calculated to evaluat the therapeulic effectiveness of portal-systemic shunt operation.

Objective To systematically review the influence of propofol orsevoflurane on postoperative cognitive dysfunction(POCD) in elderly patients undergoing non-cardiac surgery.Methods Eight databases including Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, MEDLINE, EMBASE, Pubmed, CNKI, VIP, CBM and Wanfang Database were searched for randomized controlled trials (RCT) about the influence of propofol orsevoflurane on POCD in elderly patients from the time of database establishment to June, 2016.At the same time, the reference materials of included literature were retrieved manually.All data were selected and evaluated by three independent reviewers according to the inclusion and exclusion criterions.RevMan 5.1 was used for the data analysis.Results A total 14 trials were discovered involving 790 elderly patients undergoing non-cardiac surgery.The results of Meta-analysis showed that the eye opening time and extubation time in the propofol group were significant shorter than sevoflurane group[SMDeye opening=-0.83,95%CI(-1.05,-0.61),P<0.05;SMDextubation=-0.85,95%CI(-1.09,-0.62),P<0.05].The MMSE scores at 1,3 and 6 h respectivelyafter the operation were obviously higher than those of sevoflurane group[SMD1h =0.84,95%CI(0.61,1.08),P<0.05;SMD3 h=1.12,95%CI(0.86,1.38),P<0.05;SMD6h=0.61,95%CI(0.40,0.82),P<0.05].One day after the operation,the difference was not significant[SMD1d=0.14,95%CI(-0.03,0.31),P>0.05].Three days after the operation, the values returned to normal levels, and was still higher in propofol group than in sevoflurane group[SMD3d=-0.32,95%CI(-0.56,-0.07),P<0.05] until 7 d [SMD7d=-0.18,95%CI(-0.51,0.15),P>0.05].The odds ratio of POCD incidence between propofol and sevoflurane groups was 0.35 [95%CI(0.21,0.58),P<0.05].Conclusion Propofol may lead to shorter eye opening time and extubation time compared to sevoflurane in elderly patients undergoing non-cardiac surgery.Both groups may lead to POCD, while propofol is a better choice for elderly patients when choosing general anesthesia.