Objective:To evaluate the effect of preoperative panel reactive antibody(PRA)levels on long-term survival after kidney transplantation. Methods:Data on 1 162 patients underwent first kidney transplantation performed between January 2001 and June 2014 were included in our center. According to the preoperative PRA levels,the patients were divided into negative group( PRA≤10%) and positive group( PRA>10%) ,which were retrospectively analyzed. Results: The 1-,5-,10-year patient survival rates of the negative group calculated by Kaplan-Meier were 96. 8%,89. 4%,78. 6%,respectively,while the positive group were 93. 5%,81. 6%, 65. 4%. The 1-,5-,10 -year death-censored graft survival rates of the negative group were 95. 9%,84. 8%,63. 1%,respectively,while the positive group were 92. 3%,74. 1%,51. 9%. The log-rank test revealed that there was significant difference between the patient and graft survival curves (χ2 =9. 623/11. 019, P=0. 002/0. 001 ) . Cox multivariate analysis found that preoperative PRA levels were independent risk factors for reducing the patient or graft survival rates(P<0. 001). Logistic multivariate regression analysis confirmed the significant association between preoperative PRA levels and the risk of acute rejection ( OR=8. 25,95% CI=2. 86-5. 72, P<0. 001). The 5-,10-year creatinine values were significantly lower in the negative group compared to the positive group(all P<0. 05), while there was no difference in the 1-year. In addition, Logistic multivariate regression analysis confirmed the significant association between preoperative PRA levels and the production of donor specific antibody(DSA)(OR=6. 89,95% CI=4. 52-9. 17,P<0. 05). Conclusion: The detection of preoperative PRA is an important indictor predicting the sensitivity status of the recipients. The preoperative PRA positive recipients need careful monitoring and diagnosis of acute rejection and DSA after kidney transplantation.

The real-time and wireless mobile has become the trend of electrocardiogram (ECG) monitoring system for atrial fibrillation (AF). At present, the ECG with multi-leads (12 leads) is needed by most of AF signal extraction algorithms in order to extract effective AF waves. However, it is not very convenient for patients' movements in a multi-lead ECG monitoring system. Although the traditional template matching method is for single-lead ECG extraction, it is less robust than blind source extraction algorithm, and is affected severely by noise. In view of this,we put forth a new real-time algorithm for extracting AF from the singlelead ECG, using non-stationary heartbeat series during AF to extend dimension (segmentation), and then applying a blind source extraction algorithm to extract the effective AF signal. Experiment results showed that this method could be used to extract AF signal effectively from a single-lead ECG data. Therefore, it is suitable to apply this method to Wireless Monitoring System using single-lead ECG.
Algorithms ; Atrial Fibrillation ; physiopathology ; Electrocardiography ; methods ; Humans ; Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted

Objective:To study the correlations of micro RNA (miR)-432 expression with cell proliferation and migration, and tripartite motif containing protein 38 ( TRIM38) gene expression in isocitrate dehydrogenase ( IDH) wild-type glioma, and overall survival (OS) of these patients. Methods:(1) The miRNA expression microarray data of 198 glioma patients (81 with IDH mutant, 106 with IDH wild type and 11 with unknown type) and 5 nontumorous brain tissues (controls) were downloaded from China Glioma Genome Atlas (CGGA); expression differences of miR-432 between IDH mutant and IDH wild type glioma subgroups and normal controls were compared. According to the median value of miR-432 expression in IDH wild-type glioma samples, these patients were divided into miR-432 high expression group ( n=51) and miR-432 low expression group ( n=53), Kaplan-Meier survival analysis was used to compare the OS, univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses were used to determine the factors influencing OS, and Pearson correlation was used to analyze the relation between miR-432 expression and TRIM38 gene expression. (2) Human glioma cell line U251 was routinely cultured and divided into nonsense sequence control group and miR-432 mimics group; CCK-8 assay was used to detect the cell viability on the 1 st-5 th d of cultivation; Transwell assay was used to detect the cell migration; quantitative reverse transcription PCR (RT-qPCR) was used to detect the TRIM38 mRNA expression. (3) According to the binding sites between miR-432 and TRIM38 gene predicted by miRNA target gene prediction database, the wild-type TRIM38 3'-terminal untranslated region (3'-UTR) and mutant TRIM38 3'-UTR sequences were designed; U251 cells were divided into miR-432 nonsense sequence+wild-type TRIM38 3'-UTR group, miR-432 mimics+wild-type TRIM38 3'-UTR group, miR-432 nonsense sequence+mutant TRIM38 3'-UTR group, and miR-432 mimics+mutant TRIM38 3'-UTR group; the luciferase activity in these 4 groups was detected by microplate assay. Results:(1) The miR-432 expression in IDH wild-type glioma was significantly decreased as compared with that in the IDH mutant one ( P<0.05). The OS of patients in the miR-432 low-expression group was significantly shorter as compared with that in the miR-432 high-expression group ( P<0.05). Age, glioma grading, and miR-432 expression were significantly correlated with OS of IDH wild-type glioma patients ( P<0.05), but miR-432 expression level was not an independent influencing factor for OS ( P>0.05). The miR-432 and TRIM38 mRNA expressions in IDH wild-type glioma samples were negatively correlated ( r=-0.255, P=0.018). (2) As compared with nonsense sequence control group, miR-432 mimics group had significantly lower cell activity on the 2 rd-5 th d of cultivation, significantly smaller number of migrated cells, and statistically decreased TRIM38 mRNA expression ( P<0.05). (3) The luciferase activity of cells in the miR-432 mimics+wild-type TRIM38 3'-UTR group was significantly lower than that in the miR-432 nonsense+wild-type TRIM38 3'-UTR group ( P<0.05). Conclusion:The miR-432 expression is low in IDH wild-type glioma tissues, and it is associated with poor prognosis of these patients; miR-432 overexpression can inhibit the proliferation and migration of glioma cells, which may be related to its specific binding of TRIM38 gene and interference the expression of this gene.

Objective To investigate the safety of young recipients undergoing living donor renal transplantation from elderly relative donors through long-term follow-up of the pathological changes. Methods According to the age of donors, 28 young recipients were divided into the observation group (n=14, elderly donors) and control group (n=14, young and middle-aged donors). The 7-year survival after renal transplantation, the serum creatinine (Scr) levels at various postoperative time points were compared between two groups. The chronic pathological injury scores of renal allograft biopsy at time-zero, postoperative 6-month and 7-year were compared between two groups. The expression levels of renal interstitial fibrosis indicators connective tissue growth factor (CTGF), transforming growth factor (TGF)-β, laminin (LN), fibronectin (FN), cell senescence indicators intercellular connexin (Cx)-43 and mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) at postoperative 6-month and 7-year were compared between two groups. Results The 7-year survival rates in the observation and control groups were 78.5% and 92.8% with no statistical significance (P > 0.05). In the observation and control groups, the levels of Scr were 190 and 160 μmol/L at the postoperative 7 d, and 170 and 125 μmol/L at postoperative 1 month. At each postoperative time point, the levels of Scr in the observation group were significantly higher than those in the control group (all P > 0.05). The total chronic pathological injury scores of renal transplant biopsy at time-zero in the observation group was significantly higher than that in the control group (P > 0.05), whereas the total chronic pathological injury scores at postoperative 7-year did not significantly differ between two groups (P > 0.05). Within either group, the total chronic pathological injury scores at postoperative 7-year was remarkably higher than those at time-zero and postoperative 6-month (both P < 0.05). The expression levels of CTGF, TGF-β, LN, FN, mTOR, Cx43 of renal transplant tissue at postoperative 7-year did not significantly differ between two groups (all P > 0.05). Conclusions The long-term follow-up outcomes demonstrate that the pathological changes of young recipients undergoing renal transplantation from elderly donors are similar to those from young and middle-aged donors. It is safe and feasible for young recipients to undergo renal transplantation from elderly donors in the pathological perspective.

Background: Porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) is an important infectious pathogen implicated in porcine circovirus-associated diseases (PCVAD), which has caused significant economic losses in the pig industry worldwide. Objectives: A suitable viral vector-mediated gene transfer platform for the expression of the capsid protein (Cap) is an attractive strategy. Methods: In the present study, a recombinant adeno-associated virus 8 (rAAV8) vector was constructed to encode Cap (Cap-rAAV) in vitro and in vitro after gene transfer. Results: The obtained results showed that Cap could be expressed in HEK293T cells and BABL/c mice. The results of lymphocytes proliferative, as well as immunoglobulin G (IgG) 2a and interferon-γ showed strong cellular immune responses induced by Cap-rAAV. The enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay titers obtained and the IgG1 and interleukin-4 levels showed that humoral immune responses were also induced by Cap-rAAV. Altogether, these results demonstrated that the rAAV8 vaccine Cap-rAAV can induce strong cellular and humoral immune responses, indicating a potential rAAV8 vaccine against PCV2. Conclusions The injection of rAAV8 encoding PCV2 Cap genes into muscle tissue can ensure long-term, continuous, and systemic expression.

Objective:To explore the clinical efficacy of aspirin plus low molecule heparin for pancreatic thrombosis during simultaneous pancreas and kidney transplantation (SPK).Methods:A total of 129 patients aged 18 years or higher underwent SPK between September 2016 and March 2020.They were divided retrospectively into two groups of aspirin ( n=60) and heparin ( n=69) according to different anticoagulant regimens.The aspirin group received only aspirin 100 mg/d at Day 1 post-operation.The heparin group received subcutaneous injection of enoxaparin 2 000 AxaIU daily for 7 days and followed by aspirin and clopidogrel.Outcomes and complication rates were compared between two groups. Results:All operations were successful without any mortality.In aspirin group, there were 5 cases of pancreatic thrombosis and one patient underwent pancreatectomy.There was no pancreatic thrombosis in heparin group ( P=0.014). There were 8 cases of intestinal anastomotic bleeding in aspirin group and 19 cases in heparin group.Statistically significant inter-group difference existed ( P=0.048). However, no significant inter-group difference existed in delayed recovery or rejection. Conclusions:Heparin anticoagulation can significantly lower the incidence of pancreatic thrombosis after SPK.Despite a higher incidence of intestinal anastomotic bleeding, no serious complication occurs after conservative meaures.