Heated humidified high flow nasal cannula oxygen therapy (HFNC) has the characteristics of improving the work of breathing,creating the effect of positive end-expiratory pressure,being setted up easily,well tolerated by patients and high safety.At present,it has been widely used in neonatal respiratory support,but lack of its extensive use and research in infants and children.HFNC is suitable for use in infants with viral bronchiolitis,pneumonia,asthma,ARDS,and postextubation respiratory support from the aspect of the mechanism of action of HFNC and the pediatric physiology.HFNC should be the preferred mode of conventional oxygen therapy in pediatrics.

BACKGROUND: At present, related finite element models have been used to simulate the femoral fracture, and the effects of loading rate, loading angle and cancellous bone on the fracture of hip have been discussed. However, the fracture simulation of trabecula is still lack of relevant research. OBJECTIVE: To simulate the biomechanical process of osteoporotic trabecular compression fracture in ovariectomized rats. METHODS: The right femur of ovariectomized rats was scanned at the distal end of femur by Micro-CT. The microstructure parameters and three-dimensional model of the region of interest of the rat femur were obtained. After geometric optimization in Geomagic Studio, they were pretreated in HyperMesh 14.0, including volume mesh division, setting material property parameters, boundary conditions, setting load of 1 200 N, acting time of 2 ms, and they were calculated in LS-DYNA software. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) The bone trabeculae in the region of interest showed uneven spatial distribution. (2) The bone trabeculae with small volume and small number first presented deformation fracture, and the plate shape and bone trabeculae with large volume finally demonstrated fracture collapse. (3) The change trend of von Mises stress was roughly the same as that of bone trabeculae fracture collapse. The fracture collapse process of bone trabeculae in the region of interest included vertical collapse and horizontal torsion, in which the degree and rate of horizontal torsion were lower than that of vertical collapse, making the size and rate of cross-section torsion angle less than that of coronal plane angle. (5) The increase and peak value of shear stress of failure unit were smaller than Von-mises stress. (6) These results indicate that fracture collapse of bone trabecula is a complex process, including deformation and angle of different planes.

Objective To explore the possibility and safety of the simultaneous esophagectomy and off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting(OPCABG) in patients suffering from esophageal cancer combined with coronary artery and summarize the clinical experiences.Methods We retrospectively analyzed the clinical dates of 5 patients performed at the Henan province Chest Hospital from May 2009 to December 2014.The related literature was reviewed.Results All patients were performed the simultaneous esophagectomy and OPCABG through the single left posterolateral thoracotomy 4cases and through median sternotomy and left thoracotomy 1 case.Instrument anastomosis under aortic arch 2 cases and above aortic arch 1 case , left neck anastomosis by hand 2 cases.Coronary artery three ressel disease 3cases, double-vessel 1 case, left main single vessel 1 case.There was no hospital death in this series.Postoperative complications included arrhythmia,anastomotic fistula and pneumonia.Only one patient was still alive, the other patients died of tumor recurrence or metastasis and median survival time was 20.6 months.Conclusion Simultaneous esophagectomy and OPCABG is a safe and feasible treatment modality in patients with severe CAD and esophageal cancer and it may be more beneficial for the patient with early esophageal cancer.

Objective: To explore the effectiveness eye caring theme based intervention model in the improvement of students’ vision, and to provide a systematic method for pupils’ visual intervention. Methods: A total of 965 students in the same grade of the three schools were divided into intervention group(482) and control group(483) at a 1∶1 ratio match. The intervention group received a one year intervention through the design of the series of eye caring theme activities, and the control group did not receive any intervention. Results: The mean values of visual related knowledge literacy improvement in the intervention group and the control group were 7.08 and 2.18, respectively, with a significant difference( t =92.18, P <0.05); The mean values of improvement of vision related belief literacy in the intervention group and the control group were 7.88 and 4.57, respectively, and the difference was statistically significant( t =45.57, P <0.05); The mean values of visual related behavior literacy improvement in the intervention group and the control group were 17.41 and 2.21. The differences were statistically significant( t =117.37, P <0.05); The mean values of total vision improvement in the intervention group and the control group were 10.80 and 2.99, respectively, and the differences were statistically significant( t =87.74, P <0.05); The mean values of the parents’ improvement in children’s vision health care in the intervention group and the control group were 13.33 and 0.80, respectively, and the difference was statistically significant( t =128.76, P <0.05); The mean values of visual acuity reduction in the intervention group and the control group were 0.07 and 0.71, respectively, and the differences were statistically significant( t =128.00, P <0.05). Conclusion Theme based intervention can improve students’ visual literacy, especially visual behavior literacy, and can effectively slow down the deterioration of students’ vision.

As a form of Tuina(Chinese therapeutic massage)Qigong exercises and an essential part of exercise therapy,static training has proven clinical efficacy.However,further evidence is required to reveal its mechanism of action provided by animal experiments.There are four major ways to establish static training animal models:pole climbing,hind-limb suspension,isometric-contraction weight bearing,and electrical stimulation.These models have been used to study diseases of the motor,circulatory,and endocrine systems,etc.,and the mechanism has got extensive exploration.It reviewed static training animal models and the research progress to provide theoretical evidence for static training's experimental research and mechanism exploration.

Objective To explore the application value of quantitative analysis of tissue diffusion by ultrasound elastography in evaluating the evolution of achilles tendinopathy and indirectly reflecting the feature of tendon biomechanics.Methods Rabbits underwent 0.1 ml (group M) or 0.3 ml (group S)collagenase or 0.2 ml saline (group C) injection.The percentage of area displaying blue (％AREA) in the area of interest was measured by the diffusion quantitative technique of ultrasound elastography at baseline and 1,3,7 and 14 days after model.The achilles tendon was obtained for pathological examination to observe the changes of collagen fibers and tested to measure the maximum tensile load by the universal testing machine.Results (1) The ％AREAs in group M and S at 1,3,7 and 14 days after model were smaller than those in group C (P ＜0.05),and reached its lowest value at 3 days after model.％ AREA in groupSwas significant lower than that in group M at 3 or 7 days after model (P ＜0.05).(2) The maximum tensile loads in group M at 1,3 and 7 days after model were smaller than those in group C (P ＜0.05),but there was no significant difference between group M and C at 14 days after model (P ＞0.05).The maximum tensile load in group S was significant lower than those in group M and C after model (P ＜0.05),and arrived its lowest point at 3 days after model.(3) The ％AREA was positively associated with the maximum tensile load of achilles tendon (r =0.87,P ＜0.001).Conclusions Ultrasound elastography can dynamically monitor the evolution of achilles tendinopathy and reflect the biomechanical state of achilles tendon.

Objective To investigate the role of neuroglobin ( NGB) in oxygen-glucose deprivation and reoxygenation ( OGD/R ) induced mitochondrial depolarization and reactive oxygen species ( ROS ) production in a human neuroblastoma cell line (SH-SY5Y).Methods SH-SY5Y cells were transfected with lentivirus to establish a stable cell line of NGB knockdown ( KD).After treated with OGD/R, cells were collected at different time points to analyze NGB mRNA and protein levels.Furthermore, cells were stained with JC-1 and DCFH-DA to evaluate mitochondrial depolarization and ROS production by inverted fluorescence microscope.Also, to determine the neurotoxicity , we measured the lactate dehydrogenase ( LDH) level in the cell culture medium.Results After the treatment of OGD/R, the NGB mRNA and protein started to elevate and peak at 4 h and 8 h (2.04 ±0.35 fold,1.69 ±0.18 fold).Compared with the vector group , NGB KD group had much more mitochondrial depolarization [ JC-1 red/green ( 1.10 ±0.10 ) vs (1.46 ±0.11),P<0.05] and ROS production [DCFH-DA fluorescence (36.30 ±5.32) vs (16.26 ± 2.97),P<0.05].Furthermore, NGB KD groups had a higher level of LDH release [(63.42 ±6.14)%vs (49.65 ±5.09 )%, P <0.05 ].Conclusions NGB plays an important role in the homeostasis of mitochondria.Knockdown of NGB results in increased mitochondrial depolarization , ROS production and neurotoxicity under hypoxia circumstances.

Objective : To construct a visual literacy evaluation system for pupils by Delphi expert consultation method（Delphi method）. Methods : The visual literacy evaluation indices for pupils were preliminarily constructed through literature review. Twenty experts in relevant fields were invited and the visual literacy evaluation system for pupils was established by two rounds of expert consultation based on Delphi method. Results : The average age of 20 experts was（48.35±5.79）years old,of which 19 experts had senior titles,and 17 experts had master's degree or above. The enthusiasm of the experts in two rounds of consulting was both 100.00%. The average authoritative coefficient（W）of the experts was 0.88. For the first consulting round,the W of importance scores from experts was 0.91（P<0.01）;the W of operability scores from experts was 0.89（P<0.01）,which indicated satisfactory consistency. For the second consulting round,the W of importance scores from experts was 0.79（P<0.01）;the W of operability scores from experts was 0.77（P<0.01）,which also indicated satisfactory consistency. The finalized visual literacy evaluation system for pupils after two rounds of expert consultation included three primary indices（eye care knowledge literacy,eye care attitude literacy and eye care behavior literacy）,six secondary indices（basic knowledge,eye care behavior,eye care attitude,eye care willingness,bad eye care behavior and eye protection）and 40 tertiary indices（≥5.0 of eyesight among normal people,always wearing glasses due to poor eyesight and so on）. Conclusion The experts who participated in the construction of visual literacy evaluation system for pupils had strong professional representativeness,high enthusiasm,high authority and good coordination,and the evaluation system can be used for evaluating pupils visual literacy.

Objective To analyze the cancer mortality and epidemiological characteristics of digestive system cancer in Xianyou County, Fujian Province, and to provide a scientific evidence for formulating preventive measures for digestive system cancer. Methods Excel and SPSS software were used to collect the monitoring data of digestive system cancer death in Xianyou County from 2014 to 2018, and then analyzed the mortality, the standardized rate (according to the Chinese 2000 population census) and the cause of death. Results From 2014 to 2018, the deaths of malignant tumors in Xianyou County accounted for 35.00% of all deaths. Among them, the four common digestive system malignant tumors (gastric cancer, esophageal cancer, liver cancer and colorectal cancer) accounted for 62.44% of malignant tumors. Gastric cancer ranked first and accounted for 27.36%. Average annual rate of crude mortality and standardized mortality of malignant tumor in the digestive system were 108.93/10⁵ and 89.34/10⁵, respectively, and the ratio of male to female was 2.27 to 1. Significant differences were found between town and village, as the terrain gets lower, the death rate goes down gradually. Compared with the data of 2011-2012, the standardized death rate of gastric cancer, esophageal cancer and liver cancer were reduced by 29.71%, 23.92% and 12.06%, respectively, while the rate of colorectal cancer was increased by 28.80% and the average annual growth rate was 7.83%. Conclusion Although the death rates of gastric cancer, esophageal cancer and liver cancer have decreased significantly, the malignant tumor of the digestive system is still the main disease that causes the death of residents in Xianyou County, Putian City. Therefore, it is necessary to strengthen the education of health in order to achieve the early discovery, diagnosis and treatment.

Abstract Speed is an important component of physical fitness testing for students around the world. On the whole, the different testing systems usually set up various indexes based on the moving speed, action speed and reaction speed; the indexes are diverse but uniform in number; there are differences in the age of application of the indexes and no gender differences. As far as the classification of indexes is concerned, there are two types of movement:sprinting and shuttle run, for the moving speed test indexes; there are differences in the need for action speed and reaction speed tests. Based on this, from the perspective of energy metabolism and health benefits, the properties and testing methods for measuring moving speed and the need for action speed and reaction speed testing are analyzed. The study shows that acceleration capability should be a measured attribute of moving speed，the 30 m running can be used as a general index of moving speed for all students; the shuttle run is not suitable as an index of moving speed; action speed is less correlated with physical health, so it should not be included in the testing system for the time being; and reaction speed which closely relates to physical health,should be included in the testing system.