Objective To investigate the effects of ursolic acid (UA) on cisplatin (CDDP)-induced expres_sion of transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 (TRPV1) in mouse cochlea .Methods Sixty BALB/c mice were ran_domly divided into 4 groups (15 mice in each group) and received introperitoneal injection once daily for 5 days:Control group (normol saline) ,UA group (80 mg/kg/day) ,CDDP group (4 .5 mg/kg/day) ,and CDPP (4 .5 mg/kg/day) plus UA group (80 mg/kg/day) .The expression of TRPV1 in mouse cochlea was determined by immuno_histochemistry ,microscope image analysis and western blot ,and auditory thresholds were evaluated by auditory brainstem response (ABR) measurement .ResuIts The expression of cochlea TRPV1 and ABR threshold shift was significantly increased in the mice treated with CDDP (P< 0 .05) ,as compared with control mice .These effects were prevented by UA treatment (all P<0 .05) .Furthermore ,a linear relationship analysis revealed that the ex_pression of cochlea TRPV1 was significantly correlated with ABR threshold shift(|r|>0 .7 , P<0 .05) .ConcIusion UA effectively attenuated CDDP -induced ototoxicity and improved auditory function through inhibition of TR_PV1 .

Objective To investigate whether cyclic GMP-AMP synthase ( cGAS ) , a cytosolic DNA sensor, could recognize the reverse transcription intermediate and induce the subsequent signaling path-way during the infection of human T cell leukemia virus type 1 ( HTLV-1 ) . Methods Biotin-labeled ssDNA90, a reverse transcription intermediate of HTLV-1, was transfected into HeLa cells and the interac-tion between it and cGAS was detected by co-immunoprecipitation experiments. HeLa cells were co-cultured with HTLV-1-positive MT2 cells and the interaction between cGAS and stimulator of interferon genes ( STING) was analyzed by co-immunoprecipitation experiments. The expression of STING in HeLa cells was silenced by siRNA. cGAS was transfected into the HeLa cells 24 h after the silencing and after 24 h, these cells were co-cultured with MT2 cells for another 24 h. Real-time PCR assay was used to measure the ex-pression of IFN-β, RANTES ( regulated upon activation, normal T-cell expressed, and secreted) , TNF-α, HTLV-1 protein Tax, p19 and HBZ. Immunoblot assay was performed to evaluate the phosphorylation of IRF3 and p65 in HeLa cells. Results cGAS interacted with ssDNA90. cGAS interacted with STING in the cytoplasm. In STING-silenced HeLa cells, cGAS transfection had no influence on the expression of IFN-β, RANTES , TNF-α, Tax , p19 or HBZ , nor did it affect the phosphorylation of IRF3 or p65 . Conclusions cGAS interacted with HTLV-1 RTI ssDNA90 and activated STING-dependent innate immune responses.

Objective:To analyze the effect of Excel tabular nutrition assessment management combined with mental awareness intervention in patients with chronic renal failure.Methods:Using the convenient sampling method, a total of 90 patients with chronic renal failure who were treated in Department of Nephrology of Huai'an Second People's Hospital in Jiangsu Province from January to December 2020 were selected. They were divided into the control group and the research group by computer random number method, with 45 cases in each group. The control group was given routine nursing and mental awareness intervention, while the research group was given Excel tabular nutrition assessment management on the basis of the control group. Self-Rating Anxiety Scale (SAS) , Self-Rating Depression Scale (SDS) , Mindful Attention Awareness Scale (MAAS) and Kidney Disease Quality of Life Short Form (KDQOL-SFTM) were respectively used to evaluate the level of adverse psychology, mental awareness and quality of life of patients in two groups. The levels of nutritional indicators, adverse psychological mood, mental awareness and quality of life were compared between the two groups.Results:SAS score and SDS score of the two groups after intervention were lower than before intervention, and that of the research group was lower than the control group. The MAAS score of the two groups after intervention was higher than before, and that of the research group was higher than the control group. Quality of life scores in both groups were higher than before intervention and those of the research group were higher than the control group, and the differences were statistically significant ( P<0.05) . Conclusions:The application of Excel tabular nutrition assessment management combined with mental awareness intervention in patients with chronic renal failure can relieve negative emotions of patients, improve their mental awareness and improve their quality of life.

Objective To explore the relationship between the ratio of small dense low density lipoprotein(HDL-C)and high-density lipoprotein(HDL-C)and contrast nephropathy(CIN)after emergency percutaneous coronary intervention(PCI)in patients with acute ST segment elevation myocardial infarction(STEMI)complicated with type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM).Method Totally 187 patients with STEMI complicated with T2DM from May 2021 to November 2023 were selected for emergency percutaneous coronary intervention.The creatinine level was measured within 48-72 hours after operation,which was divided into 52 cases in CIN group and 135 cases in non CIN group.The levels of sdLDL and HDL-c in all patients were measured,and the ratio between them was calculated.The difference of sdLDL/HDL-c between the two groups was compared,and its relationship with contrast nephropathy after emergency percutaneous coronary intervention was analyzed.Results SdLDL-C(1.283±0.432)mmol/L in CIN group was higher than that in non CIN group(0.884±0.436)mmol/L.HDL-C(0.822±0.213)mmol/L in CIN group was lower than that in non CIN group(1.013±0.224)mmol/L.sdLDL/HDL-C(1.712±0.793)in CIN group was higher than that in non CIN group(0.843±0.484).The difference was statistically significant(P＜0.05).Logistic regression analysis showed that among the risk factors of coronary heart disease,sdLDL-C/HDL-C was an independent risk factor for CIN after emergency intervention in STEMI patients with T2DM[OR=9.003,95％CI:3.510-23.089,P＜0.001].ROC curve showed that the area under the curve of sdLDL-C/HDL-C to predict the occurrence of CIN in STEMI patients with T2DM was 0.836,optimal truncation was 1.159,the sensitivity was 76.1％,and the specificity was 83.7％.Conclusion SdLDL-C/HDL-C is closely related to the occurrence of CIN after emergency percutaneous coronary intervention in patients with STEMI complicated with T2DM.It may be used as an indicator for predicting the risk of CIN and has clinical guiding significance.

Objective To investigate the role of cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS),a cytosolic DNA sensor,in regulating innate immune responses induced by reverse transcription intermediate of human T cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1). Methods (1)ssDNA90,the reverse transcription intermediate of HTLV-1,was transfected into HeLa cells to observe changes in the expression pattern of cGAS in transfected-HeLa cells with immunoblot assay. (2) HeLa cells were firstly transfected with cGAS-encoding plasmid and then ssDNA90 24 hours later. Real-time PCR was used to measure the expression of interferon ( IFN)-β, IFN-gamma-inducible protein 10 ( IP-10 ), regulated on activation, normal T cell expressed and secreted (RANTES) and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α. Immunoblot assay was performed to measure phosphorylated interferon regulatory factor 3 (IRF3) and p65. (3)cGAS expression was silenced by siRNA in HeLa and phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate (PMA)-treated THP1 (PMA-THP1) cells and then ssDNA90 was transfect-ed into these cells 24 hours later. Real-time PCR was used to measure the expression of IFN-β,IP-10,RAN-TES and TNF-α. Immunoblot assay was performed to measure phosphorylated IRF3 and p65. Results Ex-pression of cGAS was increased in HeLa cells after ssDNA90 transfection. Compared with control cells, cGAS-transfected HeLa cells showed increased expression of IFN-β, IP-10, RANTES and TNF-α and en-hanced phosphorylation of IRF3 and p65 after ssDNA90 transfection. Compared with control cells,both HeLa and PMA-THP1 cells with silenced expression of cGAS showed impaired production of IFN-β,IP-10,RAN-TES and TNF-α after ssDNA90 transfection. Moreover,ssDNA90-induced phosphorylation of IRF3 and p65 were decreased after cGAS gene-knockdown. Conclusion cGAS might promote HTLV-1 RTI ssDNA90-in-duced innate immune responses.

Objective To investigate the function and the possible mechanism of cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS), a DNA sensor, in HeLa cells during human T cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1) in-fection.Methods HeLa cells were co-cultured with MT2 cells (HTLV-1-positive T cells) and then detec-ted by immunoblot assay to analyze the changes in the expression of cGAS .A hemagglutinin ( HA)-tagged cGAS plasmid was constructed and transfected into HeLa cells .Twenty-four hours after transfection , these cells were co-cultured with MT2 cells for another 24 hours.Immunoblot assay was used to detect the expres-sion of HTLV-1 proteins Tax and p19.Real-time PCR was performed to measure the expression of HTLV-1 Tax, p19, Env, HBZ and px at mRNA level .Immunoblot assay was also used to analyze the phosphorylation of interferon regulatory factor 3 (IRF3) and p65.Expression of interferon (IFN)-β, IFN-gamma-inducible protein 10 ( IP-10 ) , RANTES ( regulated on activation , normal T cell expressed and secreted ) and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-αwas detected by real-time PCR assay.Results Expression of cGAS was enhanced in HeLa cells after co-cultured with MT2 cells.Compared with control cells , the HeLa cells that were trans-fected with cGAS plasmid showed lower levels of Tax and p 19 proteins, suppressed expression of HTLV-1 Tax, p19, Env, HBZ and px at mRNA level , enhanced phosphorylation of IRF 3 and p65, and higher levels of IFN-β, IP-10, RANTES and TNF-αafter co-cultured with MT2 cells.Conclusion cGAS might promote the innate immune response and inhibit HTLV-1 replication in HTLV-1-infected HeLa cells .