Five cases of pituitary apoplexy were reported and the literature was reviewed in clinical aspects. Our diagnosis criteria consisted of 1. sudden onset of maked visual impairment, bitemporal hemianopsia ,severe headache, yore-Ring, etc; 2. with or without a history of pituitary adenoma, but radiological examinations suggest evidences of pituitary apoplexy; 3. exeluding cases with asymptomatic hemorrhage verified at operation. CT scan, treatment with corticosteroids and craniotomy or transsphenoidal decompression will lead a successful outcome in most cases of pituitary apoplexy. One case in this series died of herniation, the prognosis of other four patients was satisfactory.

Objective:To compare therapeutic effect and safety between atorvastatin and simvastatin treating angina pectoris of coronary heart disease (CHD).Methods:A total of 150 patients with chronic stable angina pectoris (SAP)of CHD were selected and randomly and equally divided into atorvastatin group and simvastatin group accord-ing to number table method.Changes of angina pectoris attack frequency,duration,degree of pain,nitroglycerin dosage and blood lipids were compared between two groups before and after treatment.All patients were followed up six months.Results:Compared with before treatment,there were significant reductions in angina pectoris attack frequency,duration,pain degree and nitroglycerin dosage after treatment 12 weeks in two groups,P<0.05 all;but there were no significant difference in above indexes between two groups before and after treatment (P>0.05 all). Compared with before treatment,there were significant reductions in serum levels of total cholesterol [ (5.62 ± 0.54)mmol/L vs.(3.68±0.41)mmol/L,(5.78±0.56)mmol/L vs.(3.33±0.43)mmol/L],triglyceride [(2.30 ±0.42)mmol/L vs.(1.62±0.34)mmol/L,(2.35±0.41)mmol/L vs.(1.68±0.69)mmol/L]and low density lipoprotein cholesterol [(3.56±1.22)mmol/L vs.(2.76±0.83)mmol/L,(3.48±1.21)mmol/L vs.(2.43± 0.72)mmol/L],and significant increase in level of high density lipoprotein cholesterol [(1.32±0.35)mmol/L vs. (1.58±0.34)mmol/L,(1.30±0.46)mmol/L vs.(1.60±0.45)mmol/L]in atorvastatin group and simvastatin group after treatment (P<0.05 all),but there were no significant difference in blood lipid levels between two groups after treatment (P>0.05);there was no significant difference in incidence rate of cardiovascular events (28.00% vs.25.33%,P>0.05)between two groups during follow-up.Conclusion:Both atorvastatin and simvasta-tin can effectively regulate the state of high blood lipid,and possess good effect and safety for angina pectoris of coronary heart disease.

Objective:To evaluate clinical significance of change of serum thyroid hormone level in patients with ST elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) and old myocardial infarction (OMI) .Methods :Clinical data of 52 STE‐MI patients (STEMI group) and 48 OMI patients (OMI group) hospitalized in our department of cardiology were retrospectively analyzed .Automatic chemiluminescent analyzer was used to quantitatively measure thyroid hormone levels in two groups .Results:Compared with OMI group ,there were significant reductions in serum levels of free triiodothyronine [FT3 ,(4.45 ± 1.09) pmol/L vs .(3.03 ± 0.14) pmol/L] ,free thyroxine [FT4 ,(18.53 ± 3.89) pmol/L vs .(11.83 ± 0.53) pmol/L] and thyrotropic‐stimulating hormone [TSH ,(1.85 ± 1.04)μIU/L vs .(0.26 ± 0.13)μIU/L] in STEMI group ,P<0.01 all .Conclusion:Thyroid hormone levels of STEMI patients are significant‐ly higher than those of OMI patients , serum thyroid hormone levels may reflect severity of coronary vessel lesions in patients with myocardial infarction.

Objective:To explore the Chlamydia pneumoniae (Cpn) immunoglobulin (Ig) G positive rate , inflamma‐tory factors and blood lipid levels in patients with coronary heart disease (CHD) .Methods :A total of 50 CHD patients hospitalized in our hospital were selected as CHD group ,and 33 non‐CHD patients visited to outpatient clinic in same period were regarded as non‐CHD control group .Blood lipid ,inflammatory factor levels ,and positive rate of Cpn IgG were compared between two groups .Results :Compared with non‐CHD control group ,there were significant rise in levels of TC [ (3.96 ± 1.07) mmol/L vs .(4.75 ± 1.33) mmol/L] ,TG [ (1.05 ± 0.42) mmol/L vs .(1.67 ± 0.82) mmol/L] and LDL‐C [ (2.12 ± 0.47) mmol/L vs .(2.88 ± 0.86) mmol/L] , P < 0.05 all ;significant rise in levels of inflammatory factor :C reactive protein [CRP ,(3.85 ± 0.87) mg/L vs .(5.80 ± 1.60) mg/L] ,interleukin‐ 6 [IL‐6 ,(6.50 ± 1.53) mg/L vs .(15.80 ± 7.62) mg/L] and tumor necrosis factor‐α [TNF‐α ,(5.50 ± 1.60) mg/L vs .(16.10 ± 2.20) mg/L] in CHD group , P < 0.05 all ;positive rate of serum Cpn IgG in CHD group was significantly higher than that of non‐CHD control group (78.0% vs .21.2% ,P < 0.05) .Conclusion : In present study ,positive rate of serum Cpn IgG ,inflammatory factor and blood lipid levels significantly rise in CHD patients ; Chlamydia pneumoniae infection and dyslipidemia may have a synergistic effect ,cause occurrence and development of CHD in common .

Objective To investigate the efficacy of tolterodine plus tamsulosin in rats with benign prostatic hyperplasia(BPH)induced low urinary tract syndrome(LUTS).Methods Male rats were castrated,then testosterone propionate were given by subcutaneous injection to induce BPH/LUTS model.Model rats were intragastrically administrated with 0.4mg/kg of tolterodine,0.04mg/kg of tamsulosin or(0.4+0.04)mg/kg of tolterodine plus tamsulosin for 14 days and urodynamics,residual urine volume and volume of bladder were mearsured.Results Tolterodine plus tamsulosin could simultaneously shorten the micturition duration,prolong the interval duration between micturition,decrease the threshold intravesical pressure at micturition and the max intravesical Pressure at micturition significantly.The combined-therapy method could also decrease the residual urine volume to a certein extent and had no obvious influence on enlarging the volume of bladder(P＜0.05 or P＜0.01).Conclusion Combination treatment with tolterodine and tamsulosin may efficiently ameliorate bladder outlet obstrution and overactive bladder simultaneously,with no extra danger of uroschesis.

Although there are a number of shortcomings with these animal models, they provide important clues in understanding the underlying pathophysiology of neuropathic pain in humans. In these models, cutaneous sensory threshold of the hindlimb ipsilateral to nerve injury is measured. The presence of neuropathic pain in experimental animal models is mainly measured as allodynia or hyperalgesia, in which the normally nonnoxious or mildly noxious stimuli induce a nociceptive behavioral response. This paper mainly discusses the recent findings from the peripheral nerve injury model of neuropathic pain, as well as the different characteristics of these animal models of neuropathic pain.

Gabapentin may bind the ? 2? subunit of the voltage -dependent calcium ion channels at the postsynaptic dorsal horn and interrupt t he series of events possibly leading to the experience of a neuropathic pain sen sation. Many clinical studies have clearly demonstrated the efficacy of gabapent in in the treatment of diabetic neuropathy and postherpetic neuralgia. Gabapenti n is considered an effective drug with its minimal side effects and drug interac tions in the management of neuropathic pain syndromes.

objective To study the changes of reticulocyte micronueleus(MN-RET)from peripherai blood and polychromatic erythrocyte mieronucleUS(MN-PCE)from bone marrow in mice following exposure to X-rays in order to provide an experimental basis for exploring possible hish-throughput radiation biodosimeter.Methods Male ICR mice were whole-body irradiated with 0,0.5,1,2,4 and 5 Gy at a dose rate of 0.488 Gy/min.MN-RET from peripheral blood wag scored with FCM and MN-PCE from bone marrow was scored with manual microscopy at 24,48 and 72 h post-irradiation.Results Both MN-RET and MN-PCE rates increaged with doses in the range of 0-5 Gy at 24,48 and 72 h after WBI.The dose-response relationship can be fit with linear equations(t=10.26-25.77,P<0.05).The correlation coeffcients between MN-RET from peripheral blood and MN-PCE from bone mallow were highly significant(r=0.986-0.996,P<0.05).Conclusions In view of its simplicity,accuracy and high throughput capacity,FCM scoring of peripheral blood MN-RET may be a candidate for radiation biodosimetry,More work should be carried out on human specimens to investigate this possibility.

Objective To evaluate the effects of vitamin C combined with low dose of gabapentin on neuropathic pain (NP) in rats.Methods Fifty male Sprague-Dawley rats,weighing 225-275 g,aged 6-7 weeks,were randomly assigned into 5 groups (n =10 each):sham operation group (group Sham),NP group,vitamin C group (group VitC),gabapentin group (group Gap),and vitamin C combined with gabapentin group (VitC + Gap group).NP was induced by chronic constrictive injury in the rats anesthetized with pentobarbital sodium.The sciatic nerve was exposed and 4 silk ligatures were placed on the sciatic nerve at 1 mm intervals.In VitC,Gap and VitC+ Gap groups,vitamin C 500 mg/kg,gabapentin 30 mg/kg,and vitamin C 500 mg/kg + gabapentin 30 mg/kg diluted in normal saline 1 ml were injected intraperitoneally,respectively,twice a day for 7 consecutive days starting from 7 days after NP.Normal saline 1 ml was given in Sham and NP groups.Before NP and at 3,7,and 14 days after NP,the paw withdrawal threshold to mechanical stimuli (PWMT) and paw withdrawal latency to thermal stimuli (PWTL) were measured.At 14 days after NP,the blood samples were drawn from the carotid arteries.The rats were then sacrificed and the spinal cord was removed for determination of concentrations of malondialdehyde (MDA) in serum (by using Thiobarbituric acid method) and Slc23a2 mRNA expression (by RTPCR).Results Compared with Sham group,PWMT and PWTL in left paws were significantly decreased in NP,VitC,Gap ard VitC + Gap groups,the concentrations of MDA in serum were increased and Slc23a2 mRNA expression was down-regulated in NP group,Slc23a2 mRNA expression was down-regulated in VitC and Gap groups,and no significant change in Slc23a2 mRNA expression was found in VitC + Gap group.Compared with NP group,PWMT and PWTL in left paws were significantly increased,the concentrations of MDA in serum were decreased,and Slc23a2 mRNA expression was up-regulated in VitC + Gap group,the concentrations of MDA in serum were decreased in VitC group,and no significant changes were found in PWMT and PWTL in left paws in VitC and Gap groups.There were no significant differences in PWMT and PWTL in fight paws at each time point between the five groups.Conclusion Vitamin C combined with low dose of gabapentin can relieve NP effectively,and up-regulation of Slc23a2 mRNA expression,increased trafficking of vitamin C to neurons and inhibition of oxidative stress may be involved in the mechanism.

Objective To identify the risk factors for perioperative major adverse cardiac events (MACEs)in elderly patients with coronary heart disease (CHD) undergoing orthopedic surgery.Methods One hundred and twenty-nine patients with CHD,aged ≥65 yr,undergoing elective major orthopedic surgery in our hospital from January 2004 to December 2009,were selected.The patients were assigned into MACE group or non-MACE group according to the occurrence of MACEs during surgery and within 30 days after surgery.Age,sex,history of coronary reconstruction,myocardial infarction,heart failure,angina,systemic angionosis,cerebrovascular disease and diabetes,basic and preoperative blood pressure,routine blood test,serum creatinine,blood glucose,preoperative electrocardiography (ECG) and ultrasonic cardiography,ASA,intraoperative blood transfusion,operation and anesthesia time,entering ICU after surgery and postoperative volume of drainage were recorded.If there was significant difference between the 2 groups,the factor was analyzed using multi-factor logistic regression to select the risk factors for incidence of MACEs.Results Twenty-one patients developed perioperative MACEs (16.3 %).Logistic regression analysis showed that unstable angina within 6 months,preoperative haematocrit ≤ 35%,preoperative ECG arrhythmia and wall motion abnormality were risk factors for incidence of perioperative MACEs in this population (P ＜ 0.05),and the risk indexes of the factors were 5,3,3 and 4,respectively.Conclusion Unstable angina within 6 months,preoperative haematocrit ≤ 35 %,preoperative ECG arrhythmia and wall motion abnormality are risk factors for perioperative MACEs in elderly patients with CHD undergoing orthopedic surgery.