OBJECTIVEThis study aimed to improve students' ability in practical and theoretical courses of oral health education and to promote students' learning interest and initiative.

METHODSFourth-year students of the oral medical profession from 2006 to 2008 at Weifang Medical University were chosen as research objects for oral health education to explore the experimental teaching reform. The students were divided into test and control groups, with the test group using the "speak out" way of teaching and the control group using the traditional teaching method. Results of after-class evaluation of the test group, as well as final examination and practice examination of the two groups, were analyzed and compared.

RESULTSAfter-class evaluation results of the test group showed that the "speak out" teaching method was recognized by the students and improved students' ability to understand oral health education. The final examination and practice examination results showed that the score of the test group was higher than that of the control group (P < 0.01).

CONCLUSION"Speak out" teaching methods can improve students' ability for oral health education, in accordance with the trend of teaching reform.

Health Education ; Humans ; Oral Health ; Students

34 medical college students and 26 patients with primary hypertension were served as the subjects on low sodium salt diet for 4 weeks. Before and after the experiment, serum and urinary sodium and potassium, as well as blood presure, pulse rate, and body weight were measured. During the testing period, calorie and protein were supplied sufficiently and the salt content in their common diet taken was restricted strictly. The results showed that the serum sodium decreased, potassium increased at the end of the experiment, but the changes were all within the physiological permissible limits. On the contrary, urinary sodium increased, potassium decreased and the Na/K dropped markedly, body weight increased slightly in healthy subjects and decreased by 1.0-3.0kg in patients with hypertension. The blood pressure, both systolic and diastolic, was decreased but no change in the pulse rate was observed.It was obvious that in the subjects on common salt diet, the body sodium was high and potassium low, otherwise on low sodium salt diet, such situation might be improved, and the high blood pressure could also be ameliorated in the type Ⅰ and Ⅱ of hypertension.

Objective To explore the high risk factors of different degrees of premature infants with bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) and to provide theoretical basises for the clinical prevention of BPD.Methods The clinical datas of 64 cases patients with BPD who were diagnosed and hospitalized in Neonatology Department of Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University from June in 2009 to March in 2016 were retrospective analyzed,from several aspects to analyze the BPD's high risk factors,such as the mother's factors,the perinatal factors,treatments after birth and complications.Results There were 27 moderate and mild cases,19 moderate cases and 18 severe cases in children who were diagnosed BPD;different degrees of BPD patients in gender,5 minute's apgar score,the repeated application of PS,long time of mechanical ventilation,high concentration of oxygen inhalation,neonatal pneumonia,blood transfusion and neonatal anemia's differences were significant in the severity of BPD difference (P =0.003,0.033,0.006,0.002,0.001,0.000,0.001,0.001,0.036,0.004).Conclusion Strengthen resuscitation in delivery room,shorten the mechanical ventilation time and reduce the high concentration oxygen inhalation,prevent and reduce the infection after delivery,reduce latrogenic blood loss and the number of blood transfusion are important measures to alleviate the severity of BPD.

Objective:To evaluate the feasibility and safety of total aortic arch surgery under mild hypothermicvia single upper hemisternotomy approach.Methods:From January 2019 to July 2019, 35 patients(31 male and 4 female) with Stanford A type aortic dissection were diagnosed, who were(43.7±5.7)years old. Aortic arch surgeries were carried out under mild hypothermic via single upper hemisternotomy approach and the perioperative mortality, time of cardiopulmonary bypass(CPB), aortic cross clamp(ACC), circulation arrest(CA) and morbidity of neurological dysfunction were respectively were recorded.Results:All patients were finished aortic arch surgery under mild hypothermic single upper hemisternotomy approach, with 8.6% of mortality(3 patients died perioperation). The time of CPB, ACC and CA were respectively(202±53)min, (128±28)min and(8±3)min. There were 6 cases of transient neurological dysfunction(17.1%) and 1 case of permanent neurological dysfunction(2.9%).Conclusion:Aortic arch surgery under mild hypothermic for Standford A dissectionvia single upper hemisternotomy approach is safe and feasible.

Fifty residual Oncomelania snail points were found in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region from 1998 to 2009,and the snail area was 14.9 hm2.The residual snail area increased year by year with complex environment.

In order to understand the distribution of schistosomiasis in mobile population in Guangxi zhuang Autonomous Region, field investigation was conducted in 19 endemic villages selected by cluster sampling. The mobile people who were older than 3 years old were investigated by questionnaire and indirect hemagglutination( IHA) , then the IHA-positive ones were detected by fecal examination. Meanwhile, a snail survey was carried out. The results showed that a total of 2 866 people were investigated , among which 1 380 came from 143 endemic areas. A total of 2 428 people were involved in IHA examination with a positive rate of 3.46% , and the rate of people from endemic areas were significantly higher than that of ones from non-endemic areas( P < 0.01). Sixty people were involved in fecal examination, and the results were all negative. An area of 899. 3 hm~2 was surveyed, and the snail area was 4.97 hm~2, while none of positive snails were found. It is suggested that the mobile population is the main risk factor for potential schistosomiasis transmission in Guangxi, and the surveillance on this population should be strengthened.

Objective To review the clinical characteristics of H1N1 influenza A, and suggest the clinical practices for the diagnosis and treatment of H1N1 influenza A in the future. Methods Thirty-three cases of H1N1 influenza A hospitalized in Beijing Ditan Hospital from May 15 to June 22, 2009 were studied and the clinical data were statistically analyzed with SPSS 11.0 for Windows. Results Twenty-five of the 33 patients had a history of travelling in America, Canada, Japan etc within a week; the latent period was between 1 and 6 days in 12 close contact patients. The main symptoms of H1N1 influenza A are fever (66.7%), dry cough (60.6%), cough with sputum (42.4%) and sore throat (36.4%). The laboratory tests in 24 cases(72.7%) were normal, while mild abnormal results were found in the remaining patients.All of the 33 cases were discharged according to the Standard of Diagnosis and Treatment of H1N1 Influenza A published by The Minister of Health, China. The period between 2-consecutive negative results in viral nucleic acid RT-PCR detection and the presenting symptom was 2 to 16 days and the period of hospitalization was 3 to 16 days. Conclusion The new type of H1N1 influenza A is characterised by mild symptoms, short period of hospitalization and good prognosis. All the patients can be cured, if they do not suffer from other severe chronic disease.

OBJECTIVETo probe into the incidence, mechanism and clinical characteristics of chronic subdural hematoma (CSDH) evolving from traumatic subdural effusion (TSE).

METHODSThe clinical materials of 32 patients with CSDH evolving from TSH were analyzed retrospectively and the correlative literature was reviewed.

RESULTS16.7% of the patients with TSH evolved into CSDH. The time of evolution was 22 - 100 days after head injury. All patients were cured with hematoma drainage.

CONCLUSIONSTSE is one of the origins of CSDH. The clinical characteristics of TSE evolving into CSDH include polarization of patient age, and chronic small effusion. The patients are usually injured deceleratedly and accompanied with mild cerebral damage.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Chronic Disease ; Female ; Hematoma, Subdural ; etiology ; Humans ; Infant ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Retrospective Studies ; Subdural Effusion ; physiopathology ; Wounds and Injuries ; physiopathology

Objective To evaluate the feasibility and safety of Sun's procedure for Stanford A type aortic dissection through single upperhemisternotomy approach ( from the Strernal Notch to the level of fourth intercostal space ) .Methods 58 patients(39 male and 19 female) with Stanford A type aortic dissection were retrospective for this study, who were(46.3 ±9. 5) years old.Sun's prcedure were carried out through single upperhemisternotomy approach and the perioperative characteris-tics were recorded.Results All patients were finished Sun's procedure through single upperhemisternotomy approach, with 5.2％ of mortality(3 patients died postoperation).The time of cardiopulmonary bypass, aortic cross clamp and circulation ar-rest were respectively(181.6 ±25.5)min,(114.2 ±19.8)min and(29.0 ±5.8)min.Non serious adverse event were found after 2 to 15 months follow-up.Conclusion Sun's procedure through single upperhemisternotomy approach was one of the safe and feasible treatment for Stanford A type aortic dissection , which can reduce the operative wound and improve the patients ' satisfactory.

There are few clinical reports on the diagnosis and treatment of upper urinary tract stones secondary to urinary diversion. This study included 30 patients with upper urinary tract stones secondary to urinary diversion, and all of which were successfully managed. The individualized treatment with the ureteroscopy and/or percutaneous nephrolithotripsy with antegrade, retrograde, or a combination of antegrade and retrograde is safe and feasible.