The severe hand,foot and mouth disease(HFMD) caused by Enterovirus 71 (EV71) has become a serious threat to children's health.It is an important issues which need to be faced and resolved by pediatrician and disease prevention and control system,especially pediatric critical care specialist.The pathogenesis of severe HFMD caused by EV71 has not been clearly defined so far,and the clinical treatmnent is controversial.So,to further explore the mechanism of EV71 infection in severe HFMD and explore new effective prevention and control methods,have important significance in reducing the mortality and improve the quality of life of patients with severe HFMD.

Objective To explore the effect and intracellular signal transduction pathway of insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) on the expression of stem cell factor (SCF) in spesis rats colonic smooth muscle cells (SMC).Methods The model of spesis rats was established,colonic SMC from spesis rats were cultured by enzymolysis and identified by α-actin immunofluoresence methods.Colonic SMC incubated with different concentrations (0,50,100 and 150 μg/L) of IGF-1 for different durations (0,12,24,36 and 48 h),and another SMC were pretreated with specific mitogen-activated protein kinase (MEK) inhibitor PD-98059 and phosphatidylinostiol 3-kinase(PI 3-kinase) inhibitor LY-294002 before IGF-1 induced.The expression of SCF in colonic SMC was examined by Western blot and quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction.Results (1) A very low level of SCF was expressed in colonic SMC cultured in bovine serum free medium.The protein and mRNA were 0.223 ± 0.047 and 0.149 ± 0.023 respectively.The expression of SCF protein and mRNA from SMC was increased to 0.398±0.033 and 0.243±0.013(P＜0.05) when concentration of IGF-1 was 50 μg/L.The final effective concentration of IGF-1 in vitro was 100 μg/L,the levels of SCF protein and mRNA were increased to 0.719±0.017 and 0.360±0.006(P＜0.05).(2) For the time point induced the SCF expression by IGF-1,the expression level of protein and mRNA in 0 h were 0.347±0.031 and 0.092 ±0.018 respectively.The time point of SCF peak level occurred at the 24 h,the expression level of SCF protein and mRNA were increased to 0.893 ± 0.049 and 0.396 ± 0.048 (P ＜ 0.05).(3) The IGF-1-induced SCF expression was reduced significantly by a pretreatment of PD-98059 (SCF protein and mRNA were reduced 37％ and 45％,P＜0.05),and LY-294002 had no effect on the expression of SCF (P＞0.05).Conclusion The expression of SCF from colon SMC in sepsis rat is stimulated by IGF-1 in both dose and time-dependent manners,in which ERKMAPK signal transduction may play an important role.

Retinoblastoma 94(RB94)gene,a new tumor suppressor gene,is found in the past several years.It has been found that Rb94 gene has a more powerful antitumor effection compared with Rb110gene.After transfection,Rb94 gene could adjust telomerase activation,induce apoptosis and regulate cell cycle.It also has a synergistic action associated with radiotherapy or chemotherapy.

Objective To study the clinical experience of pure laparoacopic left hemihepatectomy. Methods Pure laparoscopic left hemibepatectomy was attempted in 10 patients including 3 cases of primary hepatic carcino-mma,3 cases of cavernous hemangioma of liver,2 cases of hepatic cyst,and 2 cases of calculus of intrahepatic duct. Results Fully pure laparoscopic left hemihepatectomy was accomplished for all 10 cases. Operation time was 190-340(253.0±51.2) min,blood loss was 200-800(342.0 ± 191.7) ml,and hospital stay was(5.2 ± 1.3) d . No com-plicatious occurred. Conclusion Laparoscopic left bemibepatectomy is safe and feasible, which can be considered asan excellent choice for selected cases.

Objective To study the expression of Sox2 in human prostate cancer and pericarcinomatous tissue,and the relation between its expression and the pathological type and clinical stage of prostate cancer.Methods Immunohistochemisty,Western blot and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR)were used to detect the expression of Sox2 in 86 cases of prostate cancer tissues and 40 cases of pericarcinomatous tissues.The relation between Sox2 expression and the pathological type and clinical stage of prostate cancer was analyzed.Results The expression of Sox2 in prostate cancer tissue (71.9％) was significantly higher than that in pericarcinomatous tissue (7.5％),and the difference was statistically significant (x2 =53.98,P ＜ 0.05).Sox2 expression in prostate cancer tissues was significantly related to Gleason score (x2 =19.49,P ＜ 0.05).The positive rate of Sox2 in lymphatic metastasis group and negative lymphatic metastasis group was 92.3％ and 73.3％ respectively,and the difference was statistically significant (x2 =3.95,P ＜ 0.05).While there was no significant difference among clinical stages (x2 =0.16,P ＞ 0.05).Moreover,Western blot and RT-PCR revealed that the expression of Sox2 in prostate cancer tissue was significantly higher than that in pericarcinomatous tissue (t =-2.93,P ＜ 0.05 ; t =3.29,P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion The high expression of Sox2 is closely related to the Gleason score and lymphatic metastasis of prostate cancer,but not to the clinical stage.The overexpression of Sox2 may play an important role in formation,differentiation and metastasis of prostate cancer.

Objective:To investigate the effect of EBV protein on the production of Immunoglobulin(Ig)by cultured B cells.Methods:The purified human umbilical blood B cells were treated respectively with UV and Heat-inactivated EBV and cultured in complete IMDM. CD5, CD3, CD4 and CD8 cells were measured by flow cytometric analysis. IgG and IgM in the supernatant were detected by ELISA. At the mean time, IgG and IgM in the supernatant of cultured EBV-transformed B lymphocytes were detected by ELISA,and compared with that of UV-inactivated EBV group at the same period.Results:In UV-inactivated EBV group,CD3, CD4 and CD8 T cells couldn’t be detected,CD5 + cells occupied about 42% of all detected cells at the 14th day; and at the 28th day, 47%.The IgG A value of the 10th、18th、22th and 26th day in UV-inactivated EBV group have a significant difference compared with that in the control group ( P

0.05).Conclusion The polymorphism of rs2285676 in KCNJ11 may not be associated with T2DM in Hanethnic population in Chongqing.

Objective A review of cases of congenital hip dislocation in high age children by Pemberton operation and accessory measures and investgate if the hip joint stiffness rate and ischemic necrosis rate of femoral head after operation are reduced. Methods From February 1987 to February 2000, 76 hip congenital dislocation of 58 high age children (7 years old to 14 years old) were treated by Pemberton operation and accessory measures, and were followed up from 2 years to 11 years(average, 5 years and 2 months). The accessory measures included: 1)traction of the leg for enough time with enough weight before operation, 2) immobilizing the leg by skin traction in neutral position and plank shoes instead of traditional plaster cast after operation, 3)early movement of the hip joint after operation and was allowed ambulatory late, 4) periodically the hip joint was mobilized passively. Results Six cases can only bend their hip joint below 90 degrees, accounting for 7.9% of all. 29 ischemic necrosis of femoral head occurred which accounted for 38.2%. The rate of ischemic necrosis of the femoral head and hip joint stiffness of high age children after operation were reduced obviously according to the standard by Salter. Conclusion Pemberton operation was preferred in treating the congenital hip dislocation of high age children. The accessory measures reduced the rate of ischemic necrosis of femoral head and hip joint stiffness.

[Objective]To discuss the common complications and the methods of prevention and treatment in the operation of displaced acetabular fracture.[Method]Sixty-six cases with displaced aceuabular fracture were treated operatively from August 2005 to June 2009.Approach included anterior ilioinguinal approach,posterior Kocher-Langenbeck approach,or combined ilioinguinal and Kocher-Langenbeck approach.The functional results and complications were analyzed.[Result]All cases were followed up for an average of 29 months(12-46 months).According to the Matta evaluation,the anatomical reduction of acetabular fracture were in 34 cases,perfect in 25,and unsatisfactory in 7.According to the modified Merle d' Aubigne and Postel clinical evaluation standard,the clinical outcome was graded as being excellent in 23 cases,good in 29,fair in 8,poor in 6.Sciatic nerve injury after operation were noted in 2 hips,osteoarthritis in 14,heterotopic ossification in 10,and avascular necrosis of femoral head in 2.No infection and death were founded in this group.[Conclusion]The important factors to decrease the operative complications of acetabular fracture include correct fracture classification,suitable operative time,good operative approach,proficient technique of reduction and fixation and reasonable perioperative measures.

The effects of exopolysaccharides from Aphanothece halophytica(.EAH) on immunological function were studied by immunological techniques. The results showed that EAH could not only enhance the mitogenic response of mice's thymus cells, murine bone marrow cells proliferation,murine mixed lymphocyte reaction and the activity of NK cells in mice,but promote the interleukinl(IL-1)production and increase the activity of 1L-2 as well. The study suggests that EAH can improve the immunological function of mice.