Background Mercury, as a global heavy metal pollutant, poses a serious threat to human health. The toxicity of mercury depends on its chemical form. Distinguishing the forms of mercury in the environment is of great significance for mercury management and reducing human mercury exposure risks. Objective To establish a non-targeted metallomics method based on synchrotron radiation X-ray fluorescence (SRXRF) spectroscopy combined with machine learning to screen inorganic mercury (IHg) or methylmercury (MeHg) exposed rice plants. Methods Rice seeds were exposed to ultra-pure water (control group), 0.1 mg·L⁻¹ IHg (IHg group) or MeHg (MeHg group) solutions, respectively. After germination, the seedlings were cultured for 21 d, and rice leaves were collected, dried, weighed, and pressed. The content of metallome in rice leaves was determined by SRXRF. Machine learning models including soft independent modeling cluster analysis (SIMCA), partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA), and logistic regression (LR) were used to classify the SRXRF full spectra of different groups and find the best model to distinguish rice exposed to IHg or MeHg. Besides, characteristic elements were selected as input parameters to optimize the model by improving computing speed and reducing model calculation. Results The SRXRF spectral intensities of the control group, IHg group, and MeHg group were different, indicating that exposure to IHg and MeHg can interfere the homeostasis of metallome in rice leaves. The results of principal component analysis (PCA) of SRXRF spectra showed that the control group could be well distinguished from the mercury exposed groups, but the IHg group and the MeHg group were mostly overlapped. The accuracy rates of the three models (PLS-DA, SIMCA, and LR) were higher than 98% for the training set, higher than 95% for the validation set, and higher than 94% for the cross-validation set. Besides, the accuracy of the LR model was higher than that of the PLS-DA model and the SIMCA model. Furthermore, the accuracy was 92.05% when using characteristic elements K, Ca, Mn, Fe, and Zn selected by LR to distinguish the IHg group and the MeHg group. Compared with the full spectra model, although the prediction accuracy of the characteristic spectral model decreased, the input parameters of the model decreased by 99.51%, and precision, recall, and F1 score were above 84.48%, indicating that the model could distinguish rice exposed to different mercury forms. Conclusion Non-targeted metallomics method based on SRXRF and machine learning can be applied for high-throughput screening of rice exposed to different forms of mercury and thus decrease the risks of people being exposed to mercury.

Idiopathic condylar resorption(ICR)is a rare and unexplained destructive disease of the temporomandibular joint(TMJ),characterized by progressive condylar resorption,mainly seen in young women.The disease progresses slowly with a long course,often ac-companied by severe dental and maxillofacial deformities.This article reports a case of non-surgical treatment for unilateral idiopathic condy-lar resorption,the treatment effects of the aesthetic,function and stability were achived.

Pulmonary blast injury has become the main type of trauma in modern warfare, characterized by externally mild injuries but internally severe injuries, rapid disease progression, and a high rate of early death. The injury is complicated in clinical practice, often with multiple and compound injuries. Currently, there is a lack of effective protective materials, accurate injury detection instrument and portable monitoring and transportation equipment, standardized clinical treatment guidelines in various medical centers, and evidence-based guidelines at home and abroad, resulting in a high mortality in clinlcal practice. Therefore, the Trauma Branch of Chinese Medical Association and the Editorial Committee of Chinese Journal of Trauma organized military and civilian experts in related fields such as thoracic surgery and traumatic surgery to jointly develop the Clinical treatment guideline for pulmonary blast injury ( version 2023) by combining evidence for effectiveness and clinical first-line treatment experience. This guideline provided 16 recommended opinions surrounding definition, characteristics, pre-hospital diagnosis and treatment, and in-hospital treatment of pulmonary blast injury, hoping to provide a basis for the clinical treatment in hospitals at different levels.

Objective:To explore the biological behavior of small tumor (≤1.0 cm) breast cancer with axillary lymph node metastasis as the first symptom, and to provide a powerful reference for clinical accurate treatment.Methods:The clinical, pathological and follow-up data of 60 breast cancer patients with small tumor and axillary lymph node metastasis as the first symptom admitted to the Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University and the Third Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University from 2017 to 2019 were analyzed retrospectively (study group). Meanwhile, non-small tumor with negative lymph node (control group A), non-small tumor with positive lymph node (control group B) and small tumor with negative lymph node (control group C) were included as control groups. Selected estrogen receptor(ER), progesterone receptor(PR), human epidermal growth factor receptor-2(Her-2) and Ki67 to compare and analyze the difference between primary lesions and axillary lymph node metastasis, and made a comprehensive analysis with the follow-up data.Results:There were no statistically significant differences in the four indexes in primary lymph nodes and metastatic lymph nodes between the study group and the control group ( P>0.05). The expression of HER-2 in control group B, study group, control group C, control group A showed a decreasing trend. In the study group, there were 19 cases with >3 axillary lymph node metastasis, the positive rate of HER-2 was 11/19, and 37 cases with 3 lymph node metastasis, the positive rate of HER-2 was 21.6%(8/37), the difference was statistically significant ( P<0.05), but there was no significant difference in the expression of ER, PR and Ki67 ( P>0.05). In control group B, there was no significant difference between the groups with >3 axillary lymph node metastasis and 3 groups ( P>0.05). Combined with the follow-up data, in the study group with >3 lymph node metastasis, there were 4 cases with distant metastasis and Ki67 expression rate was 4/4, while there were 13 cases with no distant metastasis and Ki67 expression rate was 5/13, the difference was statistically significant ( P<0.05). Conclusions:The expressions of ER, PR, Her-2 and Ki67 in primary breast cancer including small tumor and axillary lymph node metastasis are consistent. In most cases, the overall condition can be evaluated by biological indicators of primary disease, but some patients do have inconsistencies, which should arouse the attention of clinicians for comprehensive condition evaluation. Her-2 positive expression seems to be related to axillary lymph node metastasis as a whole, especially in small tumor breast cancer with T≤1.0 cm. For patients with axillary lymph node metastasis and invasive ductal carcinoma with primary lesion ≤1.0 cm, the high expression of Ki67 seems to indicate that distant metastasis is more likely to occur in the longer term.

Objective To investigate the clinical characteristics, pathogenesis, diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of acute myeloid leukemia secondary to angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma. Methods The clinical data of 3 patients with acute myeloid leukemia secondary to angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma including immunohistochemistry and flow cytometer analysis were analyzed retrospectively, then the literature was reviewed. Results All the 3 patients were elderly men and the initial diagnosis was angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma. The 3 cases developed secondary acute myeloid leukemia in 8 months, 14 months and 34 months after treating primary neoplasms respectively. After diagnosed acute myeloid leukemia, one case died 10 months later without treatment, one case died 13 months later despite aggressive treatment and one case lost follow-up. Conclusion Angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma has risk to developing acute myeloid leukemia, and there is a poor survival and the pathogenesis is unclear.

This paper reports a case of Ancylostoma duodenale parasitized in the hepatic flexure of colon and the case was misdiagnosed at the beginning. The causes of misdiagnosis are analyzed and the laboratory examination methods of hookworm are summarized.

Objective To compare the differences of platelet(PLT) count between the optical method (PLT‐O) and electrical impedance method (PLT‐I) ,using microscopic method (PLT‐M) as a standard method ,and to analyze the alarm information of in‐strument .Methods Both of PLT‐O and PLT‐M of 468 cases of patient specimens were detected by Sysmex XE‐2100 automatic hematocyte analyzer ,and which were compared with PLT‐M .The counts and morphology of red blood cells and platelets were de‐tected by microscopic method .The alarm information of red blood cells and platelets were recorded .Results In non‐hematopathy group ,there was no significant difference among PLT‐M ,PLT‐I and PLT‐O (P=0 .071) .In hematopathy group ,PLT‐I was signifi‐cantly different from both PLT‐M and PLT‐O (P<0 .05) ,however ,there was no significantly difference between PLT‐M and PLT‐O (P>0 .05) .There were 149 cases occurring platelets alarm and 127 cases occurring red blood cells alarm in hematopathy group , which was consistent with the results of microscopic method .Conclusion When the value of PLT is below the normal reference range ,counting error of PLT‐I is large and the value of PLT should be rechecked or corrected using PLT‐M and PLT‐O .Re‐exam‐ination should be performed when alarm information is displayed .

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the efficacy of L-carnitine on asthenospermia with epididymal knob.

METHODSThirty-five patients aged 25-39 years with asthenospermia with epididymal knob were received at our clinic of andrology from May 2003 to July 2004, and given oral L-carnitine 2 g/d for 3 months. The sperm parameters of the patients were analyzed by computer-assisted sperm analysis system before and after L-carnitine treatment.

RESULTSOf the 32 patients who accomplished the 3-month L-carnitine therapy, only 4 remained unimproved in sperm parameters, while the other 28 were significantly improved in sperm concentration, forward sperm motility, total sperm motility, straight line velocity, curvilinear velocity and average path velocity. Four of the patients wives were pregnant and one patient fathered a child.

CONCLUSIONOral L-carnitine therapy is efficacious for asthenospermia with epididymal knob.

Adult ; Asthenozoospermia ; complications ; drug therapy ; Carnitine ; therapeutic use ; Epididymis ; pathology ; Follow-Up Studies ; Genital Diseases, Male ; complications ; drug therapy ; Humans ; Male ; Sperm Motility ; Treatment Outcome ; Vitamin B Complex ; therapeutic use

Increased generation of ROS causes the lipid oxidation of the membrane of spermatozoa, but antioxidant vitamins play an important role in reproduction and help clear away ROS and protect the sperm membrane from lipid oxidation. This review focused on the effect of antioxidant vitamins on male reproduction and in the treatment of male infertility.
Animals ; Antioxidants ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Ascorbic Acid ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Humans ; Infertility, Male ; drug therapy ; Lipid Peroxidation ; drug effects ; Male ; Reactive Oxygen Species ; adverse effects ; Reproduction ; drug effects ; Vitamin A ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Vitamin E ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use

OBJECTIVETo study the damage of mitochondrial function of sperm induced by reactive oxygen species (ROS), and the protection of melatonin (MLT) against the damage.

METHODSSpermatozoa of normal physiological function selected from semen samples by Percoll gradient centrifugation technique were used as normal sperm models in the present study. Reactive oxygen species were generated by hypoxanthine xanthine oxidase system, and in the presence (or absence) of MLT (6 mmol/L), incubated with normal sperm models for 30 and 60 minutes. After incubation, the activity of succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) in mitochondria of spermatozoa was assessed by histochemical method, and spermatozoa were labeled with specific fluorescent probe of Rhodamine 123 to measure mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) by flow cytometry.

RESULTSAfter normal spermatozoa were incubated with ROS, MMP of spermatozoa significantly decreased, and the activity of SDH almost decreased to zero. However, MLT had effect on reducing the damage of the mitochondrial function of sperm induced by ROS.

CONCLUSIONROS can damage the mitochondrial function of sperm by affecting MMP of spermatozoa and the activity of SDH. MLT can protect sperm mitochondria from the damage induced by ROS through its effective antioxidative potential.

Flow Cytometry ; Humans ; Male ; Melatonin ; pharmacology ; Membrane Potentials ; drug effects ; Mitochondria ; drug effects ; enzymology ; physiology ; Reactive Oxygen Species ; pharmacology ; Spermatozoa ; drug effects ; physiology ; Succinate Dehydrogenase ; metabolism