Objective To explore the effective disinfection and management measures of standby aspirators. Methods Randomly sampled 17 standby aspirators in our hospital and examined whether their liquid storage bottles and covers were contaminated by pathogens.According to the situation,we developed appropriate measures to intervene.4 months after intervention,we sampled 17 standby aspirators which were tested again. Results 82.4% liquid storage bottles and 88.2% covers were contaminated. While the contamination rate after intervention was zero.The pathogens found were mainly Pseudomonas Aeruginosa, Klebsiella pneumoniae and other opportunistic pathogens.Conclusions To strengthen the disinfection management of standby aspirators can control the contamination of standby aspirators.

Objective To investigate the effect of metformin ( MET) on learning and memory behavior in HFD-induced insulin-resistant rats.Methods Thirty male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were divided into three groups to receive either a normal diet (Control group) or a high-fat diet (two HFD groups) for four weeks(HFD+MET).From two HFD groups, one received vehicle ( HFD group ) alone and other MET administration ( HFD+MET group ) .MET was dissolved in drinking water at a concentration of 2 mg/ml.All rats were subjected to the glucose tolerance test ( GTT) and behavioral tests using the elevated plus maze ( EPM ) , open field test ( OFT ) , Morris water maze ( MWM ) test and the step-through passive avoidance test ( PA) after four-week consecutive MET treatment .Blood samples were collected for determination of glucose. Results MET attenuated the glucose resistant condition and improved cognitive behavior in MWM and PA, vs the HFD group. Conclusion MET can improve the impaired learning and memory behavior in HFD-induced insulin-resistant rats.

Objective To investigate the distribution pattern of the ADAS-Cog scores among the elderly in Beijing and to evaluate the application of ADAS-Cog in distinguishing patients with mild Alzheimer's disease (AD) and healthy elderly. Methods In total, 1616 healthy elderly (NC), 125 elderly patients with non-AD disorders (ND), and 310 patients with probable AD including 201 patients with mild AD and 109 patients with moderate AD (by NINCDS-ADRDA criteria) were recruited in the study and their cognitive performance was measured by the ADAS-Cog.Results In NC group, those older than 80 years and those with less than 5 years schooling scored highest. There was statistically significant correlation between the total scores of the ADAS-Cog and age and duration of schooling in NC group (F=14.34, 113.27,both P<0.01). No correlation was suggested in the mild AD group. The total score of ADAS-Cog was significantly associated with duration of schooling in both moderate AD and ND groups (F=4.18, 8.72, both P<0.05). The total score of ADAS-Cog differentiated the patients with mild AD from NC healthy elderly with AUC ranging from 0.69 to 0.82 in each subgroup by age, and from 0.75 to 0.88 in subgroups by durations of schooling with the highest AUC of 0.88 in the subgroup having more than 15 years of schooling education. Conclusions The ADAS-Cog score in the healthy elderly is significantly associated with age and duration of schooling education. The ADAS-Cog can be applied in the cognitive assessment of Chinese AD patients. The total score of ADAS-Cog could efficiently differentiate patients with mild AD from healthy elderly, especially in subjects with higher education level.

Objective To investigate the implementation of the surgical safety checklist in the hospital.Methods The investigation covered the participants of 560 surgical operations of a tertiary hospital,including the surgeons,surgical assistants,scrub nurses and anesthetists,to learn their compliance and awareness of the content of the surgical safety checklist.Results Poor compliance and unawareness of some items of surgical safety checklist in surgical team members were found,plus insufficient understanding of some the items on the checklist.This checklist can improve the quality and safety awareness of the team.Conclusion The implementation of the surgical safety checklist is feasible and effective for avoidance of risks in selective operations,and conducive to promoting communication among the surgical team and preventing surgical errors.

BACKGROUND:YY1 is mainly expressed in the undifferentiated epidermic cells in mouse basal lamina, and the expression level is gradual y down-regulated as the differentiation towards suprabasal lamina. The differential expression indicates that, YY1 is one of the regulators in the process of epidermic cells differentiation.
OBJECTIVE:To observe the effects of YY1 over-expression on the differentiation of HaCaT cells infected with lentivirus.
METHODS:Lentivirus-YY1 was transferred into the HaCaT cells by using Lipofectamine 2000. After selection of the puromycin, monoclonal celllines were established, and the control group were lentivirus-infected HaCaT cells and uninfected HaCaT cells. The expression of YY1 was detected by using western blot analysis. cells in Lentivirus-YY1-HaCaT group and HaCaT-YY1 group were further divided into two subgroups according to the calcium concentration in culture medium, cells were either cultured in low-calcium medium (0.12 mmol/L) for 48 hours, or cultured in low-calcium medium (0.12 mmol/L) for 24 hours and in high-calcium medium (0.35 mmol/L) for additional 24 hours. Keratin K1, K10, K14, and involucrin, filaggrin and loricrin after over-expression of YY1 were detected with western blot analysis.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The HaCaT cells were successful y infected with lentivirus-YY1, and we obtained over-expression of YY1 protein in monoclonal celllines under high-calcium concentrations, the over-expressed YY1 could decrease the expression of K1, involucrin and loricrin, thereby preventing the process of epidermal keratinocytes and maintaining the cells in an undifferentiated state. Lentivirus can efficiently infect human immortalized epidermal cellHaCaT, and YY1 may the important factor of inhibiting the differentiation of basal epidermal cells and maintaining the undifferentiated proliferation status.

Objective To explore the investigation of central venous pressure ( CVP ) measurement operation in some hospitals throughout the country, in order to provide the evidence for the construction of CVP standardized measurement. Methods A convenience sample of 236, who was students of Chinese Nursing Association critical care specialist nurse training class in 2014, was investigated the various factors influencing the CVP measurement by self designed questionnaire according to literature. Results After central venous catheter insertion, 48. 7% of students′department checked the apex position of CVP as routine. A total of 55 students (23. 3%) believed it should remove PEEP before CVP measurement, 87 students (36. 9%) reckoned it was not available, while 94 of them ( 39. 8%) considered whether removed PEEP according to patients′condition. Most of students′ department utilized double channel catheter or multi-lumen catheter, while 131 students′department (55. 5%) chose the main catheter to measure CVP as regulation, department of 8 students (3. 4%) choosing lateral channel, and department of 97 students ( 41. 1%) having no clear regulation. Conclusions In some hospitals the CVP measurement has no united standard, even if there were factors related research had been confirmed. The results of researches had not been widely accepted in clinical. In order to improve the accuracy of clinical CVP measurement, CVP measurement needs to construct standardized operating norms.

Objective To investigate the expression of exogenous gene transferred by piggyBac (PB) transposon in various gynecological malignant cell lines and reveal its potential application of gene therapy in gynecological cancer.Methods Amplified herpes simplex virus thymidine kinase (HSV-tk) gene coding region by PCR and integrated it into PB expression vector, PB[Act-RFP]DS, for reconstructing PB[Act-RFP, HSV-tk]DS (pPB/TK).By using different transfection reagents: FuGENE HD, jetPEI, lipofectamine 2000, pPB/TK together with helper plasmid Act-PBase were cotransfected into four mostly common gynecological malignant tumor cell lines HeLa, JEG-3, SKOV3 and HEC-1B.The mRFP1 report gene expressions was observed and detected by fluorescence microscope and flow cytometry to analyze transfection efficiency.The expressions of HSV-tk and mRFP1 gene were detected by reverse transcription PCR (RT-PCR).The cytotoxic effect of various concentration of pro-drug ganciclovir (GCV) for transfected cells was detected by methyl thiazole tetrazolium assay.The transfected cells were positive sorted by flow cytometry and limiting diluted to obtain the stable transfected cell line.The insertion sites of foreign gene tranferred by PB transposon in genome were analyzed by inverse PCR.Results (1) Double digests analysis and sequences test demonstrated that pPB/TK vector was reconstructed successfully.(2) Using three different transfective reagents, PB trausposon transferred HSV-tk gene and mRFP1 gene into HeLa, HEC-1 B, SKOV3 and JEG-3 cell efficiently, and the transfection efficiency of pPB/TK for the same cell was different by using different transfective reagents; in Hela cell, the transfection efficiency of FuGENE HD [(78.7 ± 9.2) %]was higher than that of lipofectamine 2000 [(54.1 ± 11.4) %]and jetPEI [(46.5 ± 7.4) %, all P < 0.05] ; using the same transfective reagent, the transfection efficiency of pPB/TK was also different on various cell lines, using FuGENE HD, the transfeetion efficiency of pPB/TK on HeLa, JEG-3 and SKOV3 cell was (78.7 ± 9.2) %, (74.4 ± 8.9) % and (83.2 ± 9.7) % respectively, which all were higher than that on HEC-1B [(39.5 ± 8.7) %, P < 0.05] .(3) RT-PCR showed that there were the mRNA expression of HSV-tk and mRFP1 in all cell lines.(4) 50% inhibitory concentration of GCV for transfected cells, HeLa, JEG-3, SKOV3 and HEC-1B, was 1.29, 3.35, 0.09 and 13.28 μg/ml respectively.Inhibitory effect of GCV (10 μg/ml) on SKOV3 transfected with pPB/TK was (86 ± 9) %, which was superior to that transfected with pORF-HSVtk alone [(52 ± 12)%, P < 0.05] .(5) The insertion sites of PB transposon in the target cells genome were located at TTAA sites, mRFP1 expression still could be detected in three months after transfected.Conclusions PB transposon could transfer exogenous gene into various gynecological malignant cells, which could integrated into genome and obtain a long-term and stable expression.It is expected that PB transposon may supply a more efficient and safer transgene technology platform for gene therapy in gynecological cancer.

Objective:To translate the Canadian Nurse Informatics Competency Assessment Scale into Chinese, revise it and test its reliability and validity.Methods:Translation and back translation were conducted strictly following the Brislin translation model, and 7 experts were organized to adjust the scale. From August to December 2019, convenience sampling was used to select 923 nurses in a ClassⅢ Grade A hospital in Qingdao for investigation with the Chinese version of the adjusted Nurse Informatics Competency Assessment Scale so as to test its reliability and validity.Results:The content validity index of the final Nurse Informatics Competency Assessment Scale was 0.960. Exploratory factor analysis extracted four common factors, and the cumulative variance contribution rate was 70.455%. The confirmatory factor analysis result showed that χ 2/ df was 2.862, and root mean square error approximation was 0.047, and goodness of fit index was 0.893, and comparative fit index was 0.947, and incremental fit index was 0.948, and normative fit index was 0.922, and relative fit index was 0.906, and Tucker-Lewis index was 0.937. The total Cronbach's α coefficient of the scale was 0.950, and the half-fold reliability was 0.863, and the test-retest reliability was 0.827. Conclusions:The Nurse Informatics Competency Assessment Scale has good reliability and validity, and can be used as an evaluation tool for clinical nurses' nursing information competency.

? With the acceleration of the aging process, the problem of aged frailty has become prominent, which has aroused widespread concern. Actively and accurately assessing, identifying and intervening the weakened elderly are of great significance for improving the quality of life of the elderly, reducing adverse outcomes and predicting disability. The development and application of various frailty assessment tools in the world are getting matured gradually. Domestic enterprises have begun to use or sinicize foreign tools, and build local assessment tools. This paper reviews the application and adaptation of various assessment tools for frailty in China, and the research progress and prospects of localized assessment tools. The purpose is to provide reference for the assessment of frailty in China, hence to guide the follow-up intervention research.

Objective To verify whether the periodic or continuous exposure to high glucose may have different effects on human umbilical vein endothelial cell (HUVEC)apoptosis, and to explore the effect of NF-κB pathway on apoptosis of HUVEC induced by high glucose using the RNAi adenovirus vector. Methods RNAi combinant adenovirus vector which targeted 1566 site of NF-κB p65 mRNA was constructed and the effect of p65 gene knockdown in HUVEC was detected by Western blot analysis. Then, the RNAi adenovirus was transducted to explore the role of NF-κB pathway on the regulation of apoptosis in HUVEC induced by high glucose. The apoptosis of HUVEC was tested by flow cytometry and TUNEL assay. Results High glucose could induce apoptosis of HUVEC. p65 protein expression of nuclear extracts was significantly increased in high glucose culture as compared to control group, but only slightly increased in NF-κB-specific knockdown group, which maintained at basal state. Compared with normal glucose group, the number of TUNEL-positive cells in high glucose group was significantly increased (25.81%±1.77% vs 8.20%±0.63%, P<0.05). The number of TUNEL-positive cells was decreased in 30.5 rmnol/L glucose plus Ad-1566 than that in 30.5 mmol/L glucose plus Ad-DEST (11.49%±0.92% vs 26.10%±0.98%, P<0.01). Flow cytometry and TUNEL assay showed that the apoptosis of human umbilical vein endothelial cells induced by high glucose was inhibited by the RNAi adenovirus. Conclusion High glucose induces apoptosis of HUVEC. Knockdown of NF-κB p65 may protect HUVEC from apoptosis by preventing high glucose-induced NF-κB nuclear translocation.