Objective To promote the development of non-invasive automated sphygmomanometer (oscillometry) performance testing technology by studying the related technologies and devices.Methods The performance testing contents of noninvasive automated sphygmomanometer (oscillometry) were summarized based on data inquiry and etc,involving in static and dynamic performance testing.The technical characteristics of the blood pressure simulator for testing non-invasive automated sphygmomanometer were analyzed,and the current market situation of the blood pressure simulator was described.Results The blood pressure simulator showed problems in concept,traceability and calibration.Conclusion To develop a new generation of blood pressure simulator is the development direction of non-invasive automated sphygmomanometer (oscillometry) performance testing technology.

Nuclear factor-κB(NF-κB),a transcription factor,which widely exists in neuron,neuroglial cell and vascular endothelial cell.It mainly participates in the inflammatory reaction,apoptosis,immunological reaction and other stress reaction of the body.It is considered as an initiation factot of vascular endothelial cell injury.Cytokines.such as tumor necrosis factor-α may promote the inflammatory cascade reaction in cerebral infarction,and may also play an important role in cerebral ischemic injury.

Objective To detect the expression of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and cyclooxygenase-2(COX-2 ) in laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma and to investigate their clinical significance.Methods Resected tissue of laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (observation group)and adjacent normal laryngeal mucosa ( control group) from 54 patients were collectod.Accooding to histological differentiation degreo,cervical lymph node metastasis,clinical TNM staging,EGFR and COX-2 were compared.Results The expression rate of EGFR in observation group [63.0％ (34/54)] was higher than that in control group [42.6％ (23/54)] (P ＜ 0.05 ).And COX-2 in observation group [68.5％(37/54)] was higher than that in control group [35.2％ (19/54)] (P ＜0.01).The expression of EGFR and COX-2 in observation group (0.584 ±0.136,0.561 ±0.134) were significantly higher than those in control group (0.161 ±0.045,0.114 ±0.027),respectively (P ＜0.01).The expression of EGFR and COX-2 had significant difference among histological differentiation degree,with or without cervical lymph node metastasis,different clinical TNM staging (P ＜ 0.05 or ＜ 0.01 ).Correlation analysis showed that the expression of EGFR and COX-2 in laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma had positive correlation (r =0.602,P ＜ 0.01 ).Conclusions The expression of EGFR and COX-2 have some contribution to the incidence and development of laryngeal squamots cell carcinoma.They can be used for the different diagnosis of benign and malignant carcinoma,clinical staging and prognosis estimating.They have significant clinical values.

OBJECTIVE: To study the possible pathway of the effect of musk on brain disorder, distributing into the brain through blood brain barrier. METHODS: We used the musk ketone (muscone), a main composition of musk, to inject through the tail vein of the rats into the blood and took the brain and other organs at different times to make samples. Then gas chromatography was used to measure the distribution of muscone in the brain and other organs. RESULTS: Muscone could pass through the normal rat's blood brain barrier into the brain and soon reached the highest peak and remained in higher concentration, and more slowly metabolized as compared with other organs. CONCLUSION: Musk distributing into the brain through blood brain barrier provides the basis for its effect in treating brain disorders. Chromatography is an effective method to study the active composition of Chinese herbal medicine distributing through the blood brain barrier into the brain.

ObjectiveTo compare the effectiveness of ω-3 fatty acids and middle/light fatty acids in the intervention of rats model of bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis.MethodsTotally 120 rats were randomly divided into 4 groups: normal saline (NS) group,bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis without treatment group ( BLM group),middle/light fatty acids group,ω-3 fatty acids group.Lung tissues were obtained on the 7th,14th,and 21st day after modeling.The left lung were measured by using immunohistochemical methods for transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1) and interferon garmma ( IFN-γ).The lower lobe of the right lung underwent HE staining.Serum TGF-β1,IFN-γ,and interleukin-4 (IL-4) were measured using double-antibody sandwich ELISA.ResultsThe pulmonary alveolitis and fibrosis in the ω-3 fatty acids group was significantly milder than in middle/light fatty acids group and BLM group.On the 7th,14th,and 21st day after modeling,stronger TGF-β1 protein expression was detected in the bronehiolar epithelia of middle/light fatty acids group and BLM group and poorer IFN-γexpression in both groups.However,the opposite results were found in the ω-3 fatty acids group: on the 7th,14th,and 21st day after modeling,TGF-β1 protein expression ( 13.60 ± 5.90,10.53 ± 4.21,and 7.23 ± 2.21 )was lower ( P =0.047) and IFN-γ ( 13.85 ± 7.48,15.32 ± 2.12,and 18.74 ± 2.65 ) was stronger in ω-3 fatty acids group (P =0.041).On the 7 ,14,and 21st day after modeling,the serum IL-4 levels in the middle/light fatty acids group and BLM group became significantly higher,while the IFN-γ level in both groups was significantly lower than in ω-3 fatty acids group ( P =0.008 ) ; meanwhile,in the ω-3 fatty acids group,the serum IL-4 levels [ (8.73 ± 1.20),(5.73 ±2.03),and (4.98 ± 1.89) pg/ml] were significantly lower (P =0.044) and serum IFN-γlevels [ (5.67 ± 0.13 ),( 6.58 ± 0.64 ),and ( 7.05 ± 0.52 ) pg/ml ] were significantly higher ( P =0.048 ) on the 72,14th,and 21st day after modeling.Conclusionsω-3 fatty acids can lower TGF-β1 protein expression in rat lung tissue and reduce the surum TGF-β1 and IL-4 levels.Compared with the middle/light fatty acids,it can more effectively upregulate the expression of IFN-γ in lung tissue and increase its serum level,and thus alleviate pulmonary fibrosis in rats.

Objective To investigate efficacy and effect on liver function of the experimental therapy with balloon catheter to block the main artery temporarily and then pressurize chemoembolization to treat hypovascular liver cancer. Methods Eighty patients with hypovascular liver cancer requiring interventional therapy were randomly divided into two groups.The experimental group was treated with the new therapy and the control group was treated with traditional therapy. The lipiodol-filling status and maximum diameter of the tumor was analyzed for a midterm outcome,and the change of AFP and liver function were evaluated.Mann-Whitney test was used for data between two groups,Friedman test was used for data of each group,and Spearman nonparameter relevant analysis was used for efficacy indexes.Results ( 1 ) All Patients have confirmed diagnosis of hypocvascular liver cancer and got balanced baseline. ( 2 ) Lipiodol-filling status:the clinical efficacy and benefit rates of patients from experimental group were higher than that from control group and showed statistically significant difference in 1,3,12 months (Z =-2.135,- 2.939,- 2.686 ; P =0.034,0.004,0.007 ),but no statistically significant difference in 6 month ( Z =- 1.170,P =0.242 ).The status of lipiodol-filling of experimental group ( x2 =2.593,P =0.459 ) was more stable than control group ( x2 =10.886,P =0.012).(3) Maximum diameter of the tumor:the clinical efficacy and benefit rates of patients from experimental group were higher than that from control group and showed statistically significant difference in 3,12 months ( Z =- 2.734,- 2.733 ; P =0.006,0.006),but no statistically significant difference in 1,6 month ( Z =- 1.692,- 1.895 ;P =0.091,0.058). But neither of two groups showed statistically significant difference in change of maximum diameter of the tumor ( x2 =5.500,P =0.139 ; x2 =6.509,P =0.089 ).Relation between lipiodol-filling and maximum diameter showed positive correlation in 3 month ( r =0.257,P =0.035 ). (4) Stratified analysis was used for data of AFP according to AFP value before therapy,and two groups showed no statistically significant difference for patients belonging to 20-1000 μg/L by Pearson Chi-square test. (5)Two groups showed no statistically significant difference for data of liver function before therapy and in 1,3,6months ( Z =- 1.073,- 1.314,-0.518,-0.549;P=0.308,0.189,0.604,0.583).Conclusions According to the midterm result of this experiment,the experimental therapy increased lipiodol-filling and decreased maximum diameter of the tumor significantly in 3 and 12 months correspondingly,but no significant difference was observed in AFP and liver function between groups yet. So the long-term efficacy and its influence to lung metastasis and survival rate need further research.

AIM: This study is to detail its possible mechanisms that homocysteine (Hcy) induces injury of cultured endothelial cells.METHODS: Hcy in sequential concentrations was added into the cultured human umbilial vein endothelial cells for 24 hours in serum-free medium. The lipid peroxidation, release of LDH, cell total protein content, cell apoptosis and necrosis were assessed. RESULTS: Hcy increased the apoptosis of endothelial cells.In high Hcy concentration the cells also showed obvious injurious and necrotic morphological changes. Lipid peroxidation increased, with LDH releasing up and cell total protein content down, and they showed a positive dose-effect relationship with the Hcy concentration. All the above effects of Hcy was strengthened by low density lipoprotein (LDL) which may suggest synergetic effects of Hcy and LDL.CONCLUSION: Our results indicate that Hcy has a strong oxidizing effect, which may be one of its major mechanism for injury of EC.

Objective To evaluate the reporting and methodological quality of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) related traditional Chinese medical nursing which published in key Chinese journals.Methods Electronic databases were searched for collecting RCTs related traditional Chinese medical nursing which published in key Chinese journals.The impact factors of all these journals ranked the first three in the Chinese S & T journal citation reports,2013.The CONSORT statement and Cochrane collaboration risk of bias tool were applied to evaluate the reporting and methodological quality respectively.Results A total of 135 articles were identified to meet the criteria.To the best of our knowledge,however,none of these articles have reported the 14 items in the CONSORT statement,either without the CONSORT flow diagram.According to the Cochrane Collaboration Risk of Bias Tool,17.0％(23/135) of these articles was confirmed to be high risk of bias,with the rest uncertain in the degree of bias.Conclusions The reporting and methodological quality of RCTs on traditional Chinese medical nursing were poor.It is urgent to improve the methodological and reporting quality of RCTs on traditional Chinese medical nursing researches.

Objective To explore the mechanism of intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) via observing the change of mitochondria in IUGR placenta. Methods Placenta samples were collected from 30 singleton pregnancies at the time of elec-tive caesarean section. Fifteen of them were appropriate for gestational age and 15 were IUGR. Mitochondrial morphology was observed by transmission electron microscopy, DNA copies were analyzed by real-time quantitative PCR and membrane potential was assayed by lfow cytometry. Results Signiifcant morphological changes of placental mitochondria were observed under transmission electron microscopy in IUGR, mitochondrial DNA copies in IUGR placenta were signiifcantly increased (P<0.01) and membrane potential decreased dramatically (P<0.01). Conclusions It is suggest that impaired mitochondrial function in IUGR may involve in IUGR pathogenesis.

Objective To investigate the effect of metformin ( MET) on learning and memory behavior in HFD-induced insulin-resistant rats.Methods Thirty male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were divided into three groups to receive either a normal diet (Control group) or a high-fat diet (two HFD groups) for four weeks(HFD+MET).From two HFD groups, one received vehicle ( HFD group ) alone and other MET administration ( HFD+MET group ) .MET was dissolved in drinking water at a concentration of 2 mg/ml.All rats were subjected to the glucose tolerance test ( GTT) and behavioral tests using the elevated plus maze ( EPM ) , open field test ( OFT ) , Morris water maze ( MWM ) test and the step-through passive avoidance test ( PA) after four-week consecutive MET treatment .Blood samples were collected for determination of glucose. Results MET attenuated the glucose resistant condition and improved cognitive behavior in MWM and PA, vs the HFD group. Conclusion MET can improve the impaired learning and memory behavior in HFD-induced insulin-resistant rats.