1.Research on Dual-channel Pricing Strategy of Pharmaceutical Retailing Considering Medical Insurance Payment Policy
China Pharmacy 2021;32(16):1926-1932
OBJECTIVE:To provide reference for the drug retailers when making dual-channel pricing decisions in China. METHODS:Based on the analysis of the existing literature and the characteristics of drug supply chain ,taking the dual-channel drug retailers as the research object ,the effects of medical insurance payment policy ,consumers’risk aversion factor and inconvenience cost on consumers ’decision-making behavior were considered ,and dual-channel pricing strategy model for drug retailers was constructed. The reverse induction method was adopted to analyze and solve the model ,obtain the optimal pricing and optimal profit function of the drug retailer. The numerical simulation was adopted to simulate and analyze the effects of consumer medical insurance payment utility ,risk aversion factor and inconvenience cost on drug retailer dual-channel pricing and profits. RESULTS:When the utility of medical insurance payment increased ,the pricing of drugstores and the total profit of dual-channel of drug retailers would increase ;while consumers ’risk aversion factor and inconvenience cost showed a U-shaped trend with retailer ’s dual-channel total profits. In addition ,compared with existing e-commerce platforms ,retailers could make more profits by building their own e-commerce platforms. CONCLUSIONS :Medical insurance payment policy has a great impact on the profits of dual-channel drug retailers. Drug retailers should continue to pay attention to the trend of relevant national policies and ensure their own profits by adjusting pricing in time. When medical insurance payment utility is in low level ,dual-channel drug retailers can ensure market demand by reducing the retail price of drugstores ,and should use flexible sales strategies to attract consumers. For consumers’risk aversion and inconvenience cost ,drug retailers can adopt strategies such as providing distribution services for consumers with high inconvenience cost.
2.Research progress on metal ion-induced Parkinson's disease
Jingying WANG ; Binbin REN ; Suna MA ; Mengya GUAN ; Yueyue YANG ; Song WU
Journal of Environmental and Occupational Medicine 2023;40(11):1334-1340
Parkinson's disease (PD) is one of the hotspots in the research field of neurodegenerative diseases, and its pathogenesis is still controversial. Trace metal elements play an important role in normal growth and development of the human body. Metal ions can cross the blood-brain barrier and enter the brain, leading to α-synapnuclein aggregation, mitochondrial dysfunction, and degeneration of dopaminergic neurons, and then inducing the occurrence of PD. This article mainly reviewed the potential mechanisms of metal elements in PD, discussed the role of metabolic imbalance of common trace metals (copper, iron, manganese, and zinc) in PD, and put forward new insights into the treatment of PD.