BACKGROUND: Subsequent to liver transplantation, pulmonary infection and new drug resistant strain frequently appear due to complex pathophysiological changes and abuse of antibiotics.OBJECTIVE: To collect the clinical data of 6 cases who underwent liver transplantation, and analyze the prevention and treatment measures of pulmonary infection after liver transplantation.DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING: Retrospective case analysis, performed in the Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery,First People's Hospital of Guangzhou between January and December 2004.PARTICIPANTS: Six cases that underwent liver transplantation and received treatment in the First People's Hospital of Guangzhou were recruited in the present study. All 6 cases underwent selective homologous whole liver transplantation, 5cases underwent modified orthotopic piggyback liver transplantation, and only 1 underwent classical orthotopic liver transplantation.METHODS: The clinical data of the 6 cases were retrospectively analyzed. After transplantation, basic disinfection,isolation, infection-protection measures should be taken. In addition, etiological information was collected. Chest X-ray was underwent to know the lung at the early stage. Aseptic manipulating was strictly performed during sputum aspiration.Gastrointestinal decompression and non-obstructed drainage were maintained to prevent aspiration. Moreover, preventive anti-infective treatment against the bacteria, fungi, and viruses was performed.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Pulmonary infection and curative effects subsequent to liver transplantation.RESULTS: Of the 6 cases, 5 presented with pulmonary infection, including 1 at 4-11 days after transplantation and 1 at 1day after transplantation. One case died of respiratory failure. The remaining 5 cases were cured after standardized anti-infection, respiratory therapy, sputum aspiration, and nutritional support.CONCLUSION: Application of effective antibiotics, aseptic operation in sputum aspiration, and unobstructed respiratory tract drainage are important measures for treating pulmonary infection subsequent to liver transplantation.

OBJECTIVETo explore the anti-inflammatory and analgesia mechanism of electroacupuncture (EA) device of point injection (PI) on rats of inflammatory pain.

METHODS48 Sprague Dawley (SD) rats were randomly assigned into a control group, a model group, an EA+PI group, an EA device of PI (EAPI) group, an EA group and a PI group, eight rats in each one. The rats in the control group were subcutaneously injected with 50 μL of liquid paraffin oil solvent into the dorsum of left hindpaw, while rats in the remaining groups were treated with 50 μL of complete freund's adjuvant (CFA) at identical location to induce the model of inflammatory pain. After model establishment, the rats in the EA+PI group, EAPI group, EA group and PI group were treated with EA+PI,EA device of PI, EA and PI, respectively, once every other day (the 2nd day, 4th day and 6th day). Each treatment was given for 30 min. The mechanical withdrawal threshold, thermal withdrawal threshold and foot swelling before and 1 d to 6 d after model establishment were observed; the western blotting method was applied to measure IL-1β expression in inflammatory tissue of skin.

RESULTSAfter model establishment, compared with the control group, the mechanical withdrawal threshold and thermal withdrawal threshold were reduced (all<0.05) and the foot swelling was increased in the rest groups (all<0.05). After treatment, the mechanical withdrawal threshold and thermal withdrawal threshold in the EAPI group were significantly increased compared with those in the EA+PI group, EA group and PI group (all<0.05), but the foot swelling was reduced (all<0.05). The IL-1β expression in the model group was higher than that in the control group (<0.05); after treatment, the IL-1β expression in the EAPI group was lower than that in the model group, EA group and PI group (all<0.05), but no significantly different from that in the EA+PI group (>0.05).

CONCLUSIONSThe efficacy of EA device of PI on inflammatory pain is superior to EA combined with PI, EA alone and PI alone, which is suitable for further popularization and application.