The molecular mechanism of autophagy is complicated and it always affects the occurrence and development of tumor in many different degrees,so it is the new hot spot in pathological study area.The angiogenesis includes physiological vascularization and pathological vascularization,and the pathological new vessels which provide nutrition for the continuous growth of tumors have a close relationship to the development and metastasis of tumor.The process of angiogenesis can be affected by regulating the autophagy of vascular endothelial cells,which provides a new method for tumor therapy.

Objective To investigate the different distribution of regulatory T cells (Tregs) and CD8+T cells in the local immune microenvironment of mucosal malignant melanoma and cutaneous malignant melanoma, and analyze the relationship between the two indicators and the prognosis of patients. Methods Immunohistochemistry staining was used to assess the ex?pression of Foxp3+Tregs and CD8+T cells in tumor microenvironment of 58 patients with malignant melanoma. The correlation between two factors, clinicopathological characteristics, and prognosis were analyzed. Results There is no correlation be?tween the expression of Foxp3 and CD8. The number of Foxp3+Tregs was significantly higher in mucosa malignant melanoma than that in cutaneous malignant melanoma (t=2.648, P=0.011). The proportion of Foxp3highTregs was significantly higher in pa?tients with tumor diameter≥3 cm, lymph node metastasis and distant metastasis than that in patients with tumor diameter<3 cm, no lymph node metastasis and no distant metastasis (P<0.05). In addition, in patients with ulceration that proportion was significantly higher in CD8high group than that in patients without ulceration (33.3%vs 5.9%, P<0.05). The median progres?sion-free surial (PFS) was 12 months in Foxp3high group, which was significantly longer than that of Foxp3low group (31 months, P<0.05). The median PFS was significantly higher in CD8high group (25 months) than that of CD8low group (12 months, P<0.05). Subgroup analysis showed that the median PFS was 7 months in Foxp3high CD8low group, which was significantly lower than that of Foxp3highCD8high group (25 months) and Foxp3lowCD8low group (18 months, P=0.003). Univariate analysis showed that median PFS was different in patients with different tumor location, different number of Foxp3+Treg, different number of CD8+T cells, and distant metastases. Conclusion The number of Tregs is closely associated with metastasis in patients with malig?nant melanoma. Compared with cutaneous malignant melanoma, our results indicate that the poor prognosis of mucosal malig?nant melanoma may be associated with the infiltration of more Tregs.

ObjectiveTo explore the effects and underlying mechanisms of acid sensing ion channels (ASICs) on pain behavior in a rat model of post-incision pain.MethodsFifty-eight adult male Sprague Dawley rats were used in this study,four rats were used for immunofluorescence test,thirty rats were employed for pain behavior test,and twenty-four rats were used for Western blot.Rats used for pain behavior test and Western blot were randomly divided into 3 groups:control group ( C group),incision pain model group ( I group) and amiloride group (A group).Plantar skin of rats in A group were infiltrated with 20 μl(200 μg)amiloride solution.Paw withdrawal mechanical threshold(PWMT) and paw withdrawal thermal latency(PWTL) of all rats in pain behavior test was tested at 24 h preoperative,2 h,4 h,8 h,12 h,24 h postoperative.Western blot was tested at 4 h postoperative.ResultsImmunofluorescence test displayed ASIC3 was expressed in plantar skin of all rats.The basal level of PWMT and PWTL of all rats in three groups was C group( (23.15 ± 5.10) g,( 11.32 ± 1.21 ) s),I group ( (23.26 ± 5.69) g,( 11.75 ± 2.01 ) s),A group ( (23.63 ± 4.96 ) g,( 11.47 ± 1.96) s) respectively,which was no significantly difference (P ＞ 0.05 ).PWMT and PWTL of I group and A group was significantly lower than that of C group at all time points postoperative (P ＜ 0.05) ; PWMT and PWTL of A group was at 2 h( ( 13.75 ±3.25)g,(9.96±1.32)s),4h((14.05±3.75)g,(9.17±2.11)s),8 h((9.75 ±2.74)g,(8.11 ±1.22)s)postoperative,which was significantly higher than that of I group (P ＜ 0.05 ).Compared with that of C group,the level of pERK1/2 expression was significantly increased in I group at 4 h postoperative (P ＜ 0.05 ),which could be inhibited by amiloride local infiltration (P ＜ 0.05 ).ConclusionASIC3 can mediate incision pain in a rat model of post-incision pain,through pERK1/2 signaling pathway,which can be inhibited by amiloride.

A capillary electrophoretic method was developed for the separation of enantiomers of naphthylgly-cidic ether(NGE). Several cyclodextrins(CDs) were applied as the chiral selectors and it was found that the ionic modified highly sulfated cyclodextrin(HS-β-CD) could give satisfactory enantioselectivity. In addition,the effects of the pH value of the buffer system,the concentration of the HS-β-CD,capillary temperature and the running voltage on the chiral separation were investigated systematically. The result showed that under the optimized conditions of pH 2. 5,20 mmol/L H_3PO_4-triethanolamine buffer containing 2% highly sulfated cyclodextrin ( HS-β-CD) at capillary temperature 20℃ in the reversed polarity voltage of - 18 kV,the enantiomers of naphthylglycidic ether were baseline separated. This method is simple,precise and can be applied to the chiral separation of naphthylglycidic ether enantiomers and determination of enantiomers excess(ee,% ).

Aim To explore the effects of Nrf2-ARE signal path on levrtiracetam anti-epileptic and levrtiracetam on learning and memorizing ability.Methods Thirty-six SD rats were divided into normal saline group, levrtiracetam group, model group and treatment group.Each group recruited nine rats.Tests of Morries water maze were given to the rats to evaluate their learning and memorizing ability.The protein expression of nuclear factor (erythroid-derived2)-like2 (Nrf2), heme oxygenase 1(HO-1) and NAD(P)H quinone oxidoreductase(NQO1) were examined by Western blot.Results Compared with model group, levrtiracetam could shorten the plateau period in epileptic rats (P<0.05), and increase the expression of Nrf2 protein, HO-1 protein and NQO1 protein in hippocampus(P<0.05).Conclusions Levrtiracetam could improve the learning and memorizing ability in epileptic rats.Levrtiracetam may increase the expression of HO-1 protein and NQO1 protein through the Nrf2-ARE pathway and play a part in antiepileptic effects.

Objective To investigate the expressions of ezrin,E-cadherin,paxillin and integrin β1 in skin squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) and their significance.Methods The expressions of ezrin,E-cadherin,paxillin and.integrin β1 were immunohistochemically detected in tissue specimens from 30 patients with SCC and 10 normal human controls.Results The expression rates of ezrin and E-cadherin in normal human keratinocytes were significantly higher than those in SCC cells [ 100.00％ (10/10)vs.56.67％(17/30),x2 =6.42,P ＜ 0.05; 100.00％ (10/10) vs 13.33％ (4/30),x2=24.76,P ＜ 0.05],while the expression rates of paxillin and integrin β1 in normal human keratinocytes were significantly lower than those in SCC cells [0.00vs.70.00％ (21/30),x2 =14.74,P ＜ 0.01; 10.00％ (1/10) vs.66.67％ (20/30),x2 =9.66,P ＜ 0.05].In SCC cells,there was a significant positive correlation between the expression of ezrin and E-cadherin (r =0.52,P ＜0.01 ),but a negative correlation between the expression of paxillin and E-cadherin and between that of integrin β1 and E-cadherin (r =- 0.56,- 0.52 respectively,both P ＜ 0.01); no significant correlation was observed between the expression of ezrin and paxillin or integrin β1,or between the that of paxillin and integrin β1 (r =0.5,0.24 and 0 respectively,all P ＞ 0.05).Conclusions The low expression of E-cadherin and high expression of paxillin and integrin β1 may synergistically promote the invasion and metastasis of tumor cells,while integrin β1 and E-cadherin may play an antagonistic role in the metastasis of SCC.

Objective To investigate the chemical properties of superficial cardiac neurons. Methods By means of immunohistochemical ABC technique,the study was performed concerning the distribution of calcitonin gene-related peptide(CGRP) and substance P(SP) in the canine main cardiac superficial plexus. Results CGRP-immunoreactive(IR) neurons were found in every plexus,but SP-IR neurons could be observed only in dorsal atria plexus(DAP),inter atria plexus(IAP) and aorta-pulmonary plexus(A-PP).The shape and size of CGRP-IR and SP-IR neurons were similar.The comparative study on atria and ventricles indicated that CGRP-IR and SP-IR neurons in atria were more than those in ventricles.Numerous CGRP-IR,SP-IR nerve fibers could be observed in each fat pats and intermyocardiocytes.These nerve fibers were usually situated near blood vessels,or were attached to vessel wall.Somewhat CGRP-IR and SP-IR nerve fibers were connected with myocardiocytes in some regions.Conclusion The results indicated that actually existed two peptides in canine cardiac superficial plexus.These implied that the regulations of the two kinds of peptidergic neurons to atria and ventricle were different.The two kinds of neurons mentioned above were likely to perform different or similar functions in canine heart.CGRP and SP could possibly modulate the activities of myocardiocytes and vessels of heart directly.

Objective: To understand the use of condom among middle school students after outpatient abortion operation, so as to provide a basis for safe sex education and intervention. Methods: The questionnaire survey on condom use was conducted among the middle school students who had abortion operation in obstetric and gynecologic out patient clinic of Yuyao People s Hospital from 2016 to 2020. Group differences were compared by using Chi square test. Results: A total of 274 middle school students were investigated. The awareness rates on "AIDS can be transmitted through sexual contact" and "correct use of condoms can reduce the risk of AIDS through sexual transmission" were 93.80% and 91.24% respectively. The rate of condom s usage was 17.88% in the past 6 months, 5.47% of participants used condoms every time, 12.41% used condoms occasionally, and 82.12% never used condoms. About 18.37% of participants who used condoms every time or occasionally could use correctly. The top three reasons were "I don t think it s so coincidental to get pregnant once in a while" (16.44%), "I think it s very troublesome to use it" (14.67%), "I didn t expect to use it, let alone prevent diseases" (14.22%). Conclusion Yuyao City flow of students related AIDS knowledge awareness rate is high, and the condom utilization rate, the correct utilization rate is very low. According to the main reasons of not wearing condoms, do a good job of the correct use of condom publicity, through targeted sex education and intervention, to achieve the purpose of from "knowledge" to "faith" and ultimately to "practice".

Objective:To observe the effect of methylphenidate hydrochloride (MPH) combined with mentalization-based family therapy (MBFT) on clinical efficacy and social function in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).Methods:Sixty-four children with ADHD diagnosed in Wuxi Children's Hospital and Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University from June 2019 to May 2021 were selected and divided into observation group ( n=32) and control group ( n=32) according to the random number table.Children in both groups received methylphenidate hydrochloride extended-release tablets, while those in the observation group were given additional MBFT.The duration of treatment was 12 weeks in both groups.The parent symptom questionnaire (PSQ), swanson nolan and pelham-version Ⅳ (SNAP-Ⅳ) parent Al scale, and Weiss impairment functional scale (WFIRS-P) were used to evaluate the effectiveness of treatment.Statistical analysis was performed by SPSS 25.0 statistical software.In particular, the χ2 test was used for counting data and the paired sample t test was used for comparison of measurement data between the two groups before and after treatment. Results:(1) All the PSQ dimension scores of patients in the observation group and the control group after treatment were significantly lower than those before treatment (all P<0.01). Compared with the control group after treatment, the PSQ dimension scores of personality and behavior problems ((1.25±0.15), (0.94±0.18), t=7.484, P<0.001), learning problems ((1.57±0.16), (1.32±0.20), t=5.522, P<0.001), psychosomatic disorders ((0.56±0.11), (0.44±0.13), t=3.986, P<0.001), impulse hyperactivity ((1.76±0.23), (1.54±0.25), t=3.663, P<0.001), anxiety ((0.94±0.12), (0.76±0.11), t=6.255, P<0.001) and hyperactivity index ((1.74±0.19), (1.51±0.16), t=5.238, P<0.001) decreased significantly in the observation group after treatment.(2) Compared with the pre-treatment period, the SNAP-Ⅳ scale scores of attention deficit, impulsivity-hyperactivity and oppositional defiance were significantly lower in both groups after treatment (all P<0.01); and compared with the control group, the SNAP-Ⅳ scale scores of the above three dimensions were significantly lower in the observation group (all P<0.01). (3) All six dimensions (family, learning and school, life skills, self-management, social activities, and risk-taking activities)of the WFIRS-P scale were significantly lower in the children in the observation group after treatment compared with those before treatment (all P<0.01), and all the six dimensions of the WFIRS-P scale were significantly lower in the observation group compared with those in the control group (all P<0.01). Conclusion:Methylphenidate hydrochloride extended-release tablets combined with MBFT can significantly improve the clinical symptoms and social function of children with ADHD.

Objective To investigate the the association between psychological behavior and self-awareness of obese children and family factors,in order to provide scientific basis for clinical intervention in obese children. Methods Fifty children with obesity ( obesity group) and fifty healthy children ( control group) were included in the study. All children were evaluated with the Achenbach Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL),Piers-Harris Child's self-concept Scale ( PHCSS), Family Environment Scale-Chinese Version ( FES-CV) and Egma Minnen av Bardndosnauppforstran(EMBU). Moreover,correlation analysis was applied in the study to explore family factors affecting behavioral problems and self-awareness of obese children. Re-sults Compared with control group,significant higher ratio of abnormal behaviors was found in children with obesity (P<0. 05). FES-CV showed that the degree of expressiveness((3. 16±1. 93),(4. 65±1. 02)),intel-lectual-cultural orientation((5. 31±1. 28),(6. 10±1. 83)) and active-recreational((2. 78±1. 36),(4. 84± 1. 72)) were lower than control group,and the degree of family conflict((4. 11±1. 45),(3. 32±1. 27)) and control((6. 42±1. 37),(5. 09±1. 65)) were higher in children with obesity (P<0. 05). Moreover,EMBU showed that emotional warmth score was significantly lower in obese group than that in control group (P<0. 01),and the scores of parent's rejection,father's severity,parent's over-interference,and mother's over-protection were significantly higher than the scores in control group(P<0. 05). In obese group,the correlation analyses showed a negative association between social withdrawal in children's behavioral problems and fami-ly expressiveness (r=-0. 62,P<0. 01),and a positive association between aggressivity and family conflict (r=0. 39,P<0. 05). There was a positive correlation between internalizing behavioral problems and mother's over-protection and over-interference(r=0. 60,P<0. 01). Low self-awareness was positive associated with parent's rejection and father's severity(r=0. 46,0. 51,0. 44 respectively,P<0. 05). Conclusion A signifi-cant higher risk of abnormal psychological behaviors and low self-concept can be found in children with obe-sity,which can closely related to family factors.