OBJECTIVE:To discuss the role of clinical pharmacist on drug use intervention in pediatric ward. METHODS:During Aug.-Dec. in 2014,clinical pharmacists provided whole-course pharmaceutical care for 493 pediatric patients with chronic disease in pediatric ward of our hospital,guided rational drug use,and analyzed and summarized the problems. RESULTS:Clini-cal pharmacists intervened in drug use in 70.99%patients,with success rate of 96%. Among them,top three types of the non-stan-dard medication were:non-standard medication time,incorrect usage and missed medication. CONCLUSIONS:Due to clinical phar-macists’intervention,the problems of drug therapy can be found so as to put forward reasonable suggestions and guidance,reduce the incidence of ADR,and improve the effective rate and success rate.

Objective To detect gene polymorphisms of ABCB1/MDR1 in breast cancer and to analyze the association between ABCB1 gene polymorphisms and curative effect of paclitaxel-based chemotherapy in breast cancer.Methods Genotyping of ABCB1exon12 (1236),exon21 (2677)and exon26 (3435)was determined by polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-high resolution melting (HRM)method in 146 cases of female stage IV breast cancer to explore the relationship between the efficacy of chemotherapy in breast cancer patients with paclitaxel chemotherapy.Results In 146 patients with stage IV breast cancer,C1236T CC genotype accounted for 15.86%, CT genotype 44.83%,TT genotype 44.83%,G2677T/A GG genotype 16.67%,GT genotype 45.83%,GA genotype 6.25%,TT genotype 28.47%,AT genotype 2.78%,C3435 CC genotype 22.22%,CT genotype 56.25%,and TT genotype 21.53%.ABCB1 gene polymorphisms did not significantly differ between patients of Hui and Han Nationalities (P>0 .0 5 ).Hardy-Weinberg genetic equilibrium testing showed that polymorphisms of C1236T,G2677T/A and C3435T had group representation (P>0.05).In 146 stage IV breast cancer patients who had received paclitaxel-based chemotherapy,CT/TT genotype of C3435T site had a better response rate (74.11%) (χ2 =12.556,P<0.05),better curative effect than CC genotype (OR=4.183,95% CI 1.838 -9.521,P<0.05),T allele carriers more efficient than C allele carriers with paclitaxel-based chemotherapy (χ2 =8 .5 0 7 ,P<0 .0 5 ). Conclusion Detection of ABCB1 C3435T gene polymorphisms has a significantly clinical value in predicting the efficacy of taxanes chemotherapy in breast cancer patients.

OBJECTIVETo explore a new method for body surface orientation of the puncture site, determination of the direction of the needling and puncture depth for caudal block.

METHODSThree-dimensional reconstruction of the pelvis was performed in 8 cases for measuring the distances between the sacral hiatus and the planned site of anesthetic delivery and the size of the sacral hiatus. After image processing with the technique of shaded surface display (SSD), the shapes of sacral hiatus and sacral tube were evaluated.

RESULTSThree-dimensional reconstruction of the pelvis in the 8 cases allowed clear view from any directions of the sacral hiatus and sacral tube and accurate measurement of the size of the sacral hiatus. After simulated cutting of half of the rumpbone, the distances between the sacral hiatus and the drug injection site were accurately measured. With these measurements, accurate preoperative localization of the puncture site on the skin was achieved and the anesthesia was successful in all the cases.

CONCLUSIONSThis technique can provide accurate data for localization of the puncture site on the skin and determination of the direction of the needling and the puncture depth for caudal block to increase the successful rate of anesthesia, lower the operative risks and allow simulated operative training.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Anesthesia, Caudal ; methods ; Anthropometry ; methods ; Female ; Humans ; Imaging, Three-Dimensional ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Reproducibility of Results ; Sacrum ; diagnostic imaging ; Tomography, Spiral Computed ; methods

Objective To construct and apply a comprehensive information platform for the prevention and control of birth defects based on three-level prevention and control in the birth-age population of Yueyang City, aiming to improve the effectiveness of intervention and reduce the impact of birth defects on the fetus. Methods A retrospective analysis was used to study the married population of childbearing age in Yueyang from January 2017 to December 2019, all of whom were included in the comprehensive information platform for the prevention and control of birth defects based on the three-tier prevention and control. Observed indicators include birth defects I, II and III prevention and control and intervention effectiveness. Results (1) Effectiveness of prevention and control at the first level in each year: After continuous intervention, the education rate, marriage test rate and folic acid distribution in Yueyang city increased year by year, while the incidence of birth defects decreased year by year (P<0.05). (2) Effect of secondary prevention and control in each year: After continuous intervention, the serum screening rate, ultrasound diagnosis rate and amniotic fluid culture rate in Yueyang city increased year by year, while the birth defect rate decreased year by year (P<0.05). (3) Effectiveness of three levels of prevention and control in each year: After continuous intervention, the screening rate of newborns in Yueyang city increased year by year (P<0.05); and the disability rate of CH and PKU was 0% in three years. Conclusions The adoption of a three-level comprehensive prevention and control information platform in the prevention and control of birth defects has the advantages of safe, efficient and stable application, which is conducive to promoting the active conduct of prenatal examinations by pregnant women, enhancing the effectiveness of health education and improving the quality of health care during pregnancy, thereby effectively reducing the incidence, birth and disability rates of children with birth defects and achieving satisfactory graded application results. Accordingly, it is recommended that priority be given to the selection of a three-tier integrated information platform for prevention and control, depending on the actual situation.

Postmenopausal osteoporosis （PMOP） is a systemic disease characterized by increased bone fragility caused by insufficient estrogen secretion in women after menopause，resulting in decreased bone mass and damage to the microstructure of bone tissues. The main clinical manifestations are low back pain，osteoporotic fractures，spinal deformities，and multiple organ dysfunction. PMOP directly leads to high morbidity， high mortality， and a decline in the quality of life. In addition to miss diagnosis， it is often not treated in time. In recent years， significant progress has been made in the research on factors related to the pathogenesis of PMOP. Based on the previous findings in recent years，this article described three major pathogenesis of PMOP， including intestinal flora imbalance，oxidative stress，and abnormal differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells （BMMSCs）， and analyzed the current status of PMOP treatment， such as syndrome differentiation and treatment，acupuncture and moxibustion，exercise therapy， and external treatment in traditional Chinese medicine （TCM）， and basic measures，drug intervention，and physical therapy in western medicine. Among them，drug intervention in western medicine treatment is generally divided into bone resorption inhibitors，bone formation promoters，and other mechanism drugs according to the mechanism of action. This article summarized the specific methods and effects or mechanisms of TCM and western medicine in the clinical treatment of PMOP，which is expected to provide a reference for formulating reasonable health management models and drug treatments in the future.

OBJECTIVETo explore the mechanism of Shengji Huayu Recipe (SJHYR) and its 3 disassembled formulae in accelerating wound healing toward skin restoration.

METHODSUsing in vitro cultured fibroblasts from granulation tissue of wound and compared with the normal skin fibroblast of suckling rat, who were treated separately by drug serum containing high and low dose SJHYR and its disassembled prescriptions (Shengji formula and Huayu formula). The type I and III collagen contents in the fibroblasts were determined with immunocytochemical ABC method.

RESULTSShengji formula could increase the levels of type I and III collagens in fibroblasts, which was significantly higher than those in model cells and control (P < 0.01). Huayu formula lowered them to the levels below those in model cells (P < 0.01), while in comparing the levels in the cells treated by high or low dose SJHYR with those in control, no significant difference was shown(P > 0.05).

CONCLUSIONSJHYR might accelerate wound healing toward skin restoration through regulating the ratio of collagen type I and III, to adjust their metabolism.

Animals ; Animals, Newborn ; Cells, Cultured ; Collagen Type I ; biosynthesis ; Collagen Type III ; biosynthesis ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacology ; Fibroblasts ; metabolism ; pathology ; Male ; Phytotherapy ; Random Allocation ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Wound Healing ; drug effects ; Wounds and Injuries ; pathology

This study investigated the effect of diosgenin, a natural sapogenin possessing various pharmacological activities, on benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) in rats and the possible mechanisms. BPH was established in the castrated rats by subcutaneous injection of testosterone propionate. Animals were randomly divided into four groups (n=10 each): model group (0.5% sodium carboxymethyl cellulose); positive control group (3 mg/kg finasteride); two diosgenin groups (50 and 100 mg/kg). The drugs were intragastricaly given in each group for consecutive 3 weeks. Another 10 rats with no testicles cut off served as negative controls and they were subcutaneously injected with 0.1 mL olive oil per day and then treated with 0.5% sodium carboxymethylcellulose. After 3-week administration, the prostate index and serum PSA level were determined, and histopathological examination was carried out. The levels of MDA, SOD and GPx in prostates were also measured. Additionally, the expression of Bcl-2, Bax and p53 was examined using Western blotting. The results showed that the prostate index and serum PSA level were significantly decreased, and the pathological changes of the prostate gland were greatly improved in diosgenin groups as compared with the model group. Elevated activities of SOD and GPx, and reduced MDA level were also observed in diosgenin-treated rats. In addition, the expression of Bcl-2 in prostates was down-regulated, whereas that of Bax and p53 was up-regulated in diosgenin-treated rats. These results indicated that diosgenin was effective in inhibiting testosterone propionate-induced prostate enlargement and may be a candidate agent for the treatment of BPH.
Animals ; Apoptosis ; Diosgenin ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Glutathione Peroxidase ; metabolism ; Male ; Malondialdehyde ; metabolism ; Oxidative Stress ; Prostate ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Prostate-Specific Antigen ; blood ; Prostatic Hyperplasia ; drug therapy ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 ; metabolism ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Superoxide Dismutase ; metabolism ; Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 ; metabolism ; bcl-2-Associated X Protein ; metabolism

OBJECTIVETo observe the clinical efficacy on senile female bladder neck obstruction treated with acupoint application, therapy and western medication.

METHODSFifty cases of senile female bladder neck observation were randomized into an obstrvation group and a control group, 25 cases in each one. Tamsulosin hydrochloride capsules were taken orally in the two groups, 0.2 mg every night, continuously for 100 days. In the observation group, with radix aconiti lateralis preparata, semen brassicae and fructus ligustri lucidi contained, bushentongyu plaster was used at Shenque (CV 8), Sanyinjiao (SP 6), Pangguangshu (BL 28), Zhongji (CV 3) and Sanjiaoshu (BL 22), once every two days. Eight treatments made one session and 6 sessions were required totally. The international prostate symptom score (IPSS), the bother score (BS), the residual volume (RV) and the maximal urinary flow rate (MFR) were observed before and after treatment in the two groups. The clinical efficacy was compared between the two groups.

RESULTSEvery score in IPSS after treatment was reduced apparently as compared with that before treatment in the two groups (all P < 0.01). The improvements in feeling of incomplete, bladder emptying, intermittency < 2 h, urgency, interupted urination and nocturia in the observation group were more advantageous than those in the control group (all P < 0.05). The total effective rate was 95.65% (22/23) in the observation group, higher than 85.71% (18/21) in the control group (P < 0.05). After treatment, RV, MFR and BS were significantly different as compared with those before treatment (all P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONThe combined therapy of acupoint application of bushentongyu plaster and oral administration of tamsulosin hydrochloride capsules achieves the significant efficacy on senile female bladder neck obstruction as compared with the simple administration of tamsulosin hydrochloride capsules.

Acupuncture Points ; Aged ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; administration & dosage ; Female ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Treatment Outcome ; Urinary Bladder Neck Obstruction ; drug therapy ; physiopathology ; Urination

To study the effect of alpha1-acid glycoprotein 1 (ORM1) polymorphism on the concentration of free nortriptyline in serum, genotyping analysis was employed in ORM1 by sequencing. Eighteen unrelated male adults were chosen and given a single dose of 25 mg nortriptyline orally, then the blood samples were taken at 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 8, 12, 24, 32, 48, 72, 96 and 168 hours after drug administration. Nortriptyline and 10-OH-nortriptyline in serum and ultrafiltrate were detected for the total and free concentration by using HPLC-MS/MS. Pharmacokinetic parameters were compared among different ORM1 genotypes. No significant differences were shown in the pharmacokinetic parameters of total nortriptyline and 10-OH-nortriptyline. The mean AUC(0-infinity) of free nortritpyline in ORM1 * F/ * F1 subjects was significantly higher than that in ORM1 * F1/ * S and ORM1 * S/ * S subjects [(119.1 +/- 74.4) ng x mL(-1) x h vs (51.4 +/- 23.2) ng x mL(-1) x h and (42.4 +/- 11.6) ng x mL(-1) x h]. The percentage of protein binding in subjects with ORM1 * F1/ * F1 genotype at 2, 3, 4, 6, 8 and 12 h after administration was slightly lower than in those with ORM1 * F1/ * S and ORM1 * S/ * S genotypes while the distinct difference was shown at 4 h (P < 0.05). Different ORM1 genotypes might affect the protein binding percentage and the concentration of serum free nortriptyline. The ability binding to the drug was higher in subjects with ORM1 * S/ * S genotype than in those with other two genotypes, so as to cause the lower concentration of free nortriptyline.
Adult ; Area Under Curve ; Genotype ; Humans ; Male ; Nortriptyline ; analogs & derivatives ; blood ; pharmacokinetics ; Orosomucoid ; genetics ; metabolism ; Polymorphism, Genetic ; Protein Binding

OBJECTIVETo observe the clinical efficacy of hualiu recipe (HLR) in treating hysteromyoma, and to explore the correlation between the predisposing factors and the tumor volume as well as the therapeutic efficacy.

METHODSOne hundred and ten outpatients with hysteromyoma of qi deficiency blood stasis syndrome were enrolled, who were outpatients of Department of Gynecology, Shanghai Yueyang Hospital of Integrative Medicine from September 2005 to September 2007. Their predisposing factors were collected by questionnaire. They were randomly assigned to two groups. The eighty patients in the treatment group were treated with HLR, while the thirty patients in the control group were treated with Guizhi Fuling Capsule. The clinical efficacy and changes of uterus and tumor volumes before and after treatment, improvement of Chinese syndrome, and the correlation between the therapeutic efficacy and predisposing factors were observed.

RESULTSThe total effective rate in the treatment group was 85.0% (68/80), while that in the control group was 66.7% (20/30), showing statistical significance (P < 0.05). The therapeutic efficacy of patients with predisposing factors was better in the treatment group than in the control group, showing significant difference (P < 0.05). The tumor volume was observed to be positively correlated with the delivery age, the disease course, and the emotional stress. The clinical efficacy was negatively correlated with the disease course, the emotional stress, and the hyperplasia of mammary glands.

CONCLUSIONHLR could effectively reduce the tumor volume of hysteromyoma, and obviously improve clinical symptoms and accompanied disease. The therapeutic efficacy could be improved by prevention and treatment of predisposing factors.

Adult ; Disease Susceptibility ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Female ; Humans ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Middle Aged ; Phytotherapy ; Treatment Outcome ; Uterine Neoplasms ; diagnosis ; drug therapy ; epidemiology ; Young Adult