Based on our clinic experience in the diagnosis and treatment of acute pancreatitis,this article discussed some basic problems of the chinese guide of acute pancreatitis management,such as the definition of acute pancreatitis,classification of acute pancreatitis,diagnosis and treatment of acute pancreatitis.

Objective To study the effect of retinal dehydrogenase type 2 inhibitor (4-diethylaminobenzaldehyde,DEAB) on embryonic CSrdiac develclpment of zebrafish model with retinoic acid(RA)deficiency. Methods Zebrafish embryos were treated with DEAB at various concentrations including 1×10~(-6),5×10~(-6),10×10~(-6),25×10~(-6)mol/L at 5,8 and 10.3 hours post fertilization,respectively.The effects of DEAB on the embryonic development were assessed under microscope.1×10~(-9)mol/L exogenous RA was then added to detect the antagonistic effect against DEAB.The abnormal cardiac phenotype,heart rate and ventricular systolic fraction were observed and analyzed between wild type and DEAB treated groups.The expression of specific cardiac gene, natriuretic peptide precursor A,was monitored by whole-mount in situ hybridization to demonstrate the effect of RA signaling on early cardiac development. Results The survival rate of zebrafish embryos declined with the increase of DEAB concentration at different developmental stage.The percentage of abnormal embryos reached 100% when DEAB over 5×10~(-6)mol/L.1×10~(-9) mol/L exogenous RA could eliminate the teratogenic effect of DEAB(≥5×10~(-6)mol/L).DEAB treated embryos presented abnormal cardiac phenotype,including tubular heart,incomplete D-loop,abnormal atrioventricular development,regurgitation,slow blood flow and weak heart beat.The difference of heart rate and ventrieular systolic fraction between wild type and RA deficiency embryos was of statistical significance(P<0.05).The natriuretic peptide precursor A expression remained in the ventricle,but reduced obviously in the atrium with RA signaling deficiency. Conclusions The effects of DEAB on the embryonic development are dose-dependent and time-dependent,and could be rescued by exogenous RA.RA signaling plays a critical role in several key stages of early cardiac development and natriuretie peptide precursor A expression.

Objective To investigate the clinical value of tumour markers and serum-ascites albumin gradient (SAAG) in diagnosis of malignant ascites. Methods One hundred and fourteen patients with ascites, who were admitted to the hospital between Jan. 2005 and Jan. 2008, were retrospectively reviewed. The patients were divided into malignant (n = 39) or benign (12 with tuberculosis and 93 with aseptic liver cirrhosis) ascites groups according to the etiology. The distribution of tumor markers (CEA, CA19-9 and CA125) and SAAG in both groups were analyzed and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) was constructed. Results The tumor markers and SAAG were found both in malignant ascites group and benign ascites group. The concentrations of CEA and CA19-9 in serum and ascites were higher in malignant ascites group than in benign ascites group. The SAAG in malignant ascites group was significantly lower than that in patients with liver cirrhosis (P<0.05), but had no difference in comparison with tuberculosis patients (P>0. 05). There was no difference in level of CA125 in serum or ascites between malignant ascites group and benign ascites group (P>0.05). The area under the curve of ascitic fluid CEA, CA19-9 and SAAG were 0.79, 0.82 and 0.85, respectively. The cutoff values of ascitic fluid CEA, CA19-9 and SAAG were optimally chosen at 1.45 μ/L, 19.50 μ/L and 13. 50 g/L, respectively. The sensitivity and specificity were 66.7% and 78.1% in CEA, 74.4% and 84.8% in CA19-9, as well as 82.9% and 84.6% in SAAG.The combination of ascitic fluid CA19-9 with SAAG could increase the specificity to 97.14%, but decrease the sensitivity to 61.54%. Conclusion It is feasible to achieve optimum combination of biochemical indicators using ROC in differential diagnosis of malignant ascites from benign ascites.

Purpose To purify recombinant angiogenesis inhibitor r-K4K5 and investigate its inhibitoryeffects on bovine capillary endothelial (BCE) cell proliferation, chick embryo chorioallantoic membrane(CAM) angiogenesis and growth of experimental human non-small cell lung cancer (adeno). Methodsr-K4K5 was obtained by salting out and gel filtration with the purity of 95% determined by SDS-PAGE.BCE cells were cultured with DMEM media containing r-K4K5. The cells were counted in 24,48,72 hrespectively. r-K4K5 was injected daily into all 7-day chick embryo CAMs and CAM angiogenesis wasobserved at 72 h after incubation. The Balb/c (nu/nu) mice implanted with human SPC-Al tumor pieceswere grown for 10 days and then randomly divided into three groups. One group was treated with PBS, theother two groups were treated with local subcutaneous injection of purified r-K4K5 at 8 μg and 80 μg lpermouse every other day. They were daily observed and sacrificed in 14 days. Each tumor was weighed.Results The number of BCE cells, blood vessels diameter less than 50 μn of chick embryo CAM and theaverage weight of experimental tumor were decreased markedly in all the groups treated with r-K4K5.Conclusions r-K4K5 inhibits proliferation of BCE cells, angiogenesis of chick embryo CAMs and thegrowth of experimental human SPC-A1 non small lung cancer (adeno).

Objective: To evaluate the frequency of MSI in epithelial ovarian tumors and its relationship with clinicopathologic features. Methods: Ninety fresh specimens of epithelial ovarian tumors, including 74 primary and 16 secondary tumors, were collected. Microsatellite analysis was carried out using 5 mono- and dinucleotide markers from the National Cancer Institute Consensus Panel by fluorescence-labeled polymerase chain reaction. Results: Of 90 epithelial ovarian tumors analyzed, 18 demonstrated a high level of microsatellite instability (MSI-H), 30 demonstrated a low level of microsatellite instability (MSI-L), and the remaining 42 exhibited microsatellite stability (MSS). Frequency of microsatellite instability (MSI) at loci BAT-25 was higher than that at any other loci. No correlation was found between MSI level and patient age, tumor type, tumor differentiation (P>0.05). But the microsatellite instability-high phenotype correlates with clinical stage.It tended to occur more frequently in early-stage tumors (P=0.03). Conclusion: The frequent MSI in epithelial ovarian tumors suggests that it is an early event to involve in the development of epithelial ovarian tumors.

Objective To assess the clinical value of high-frequency ultrasonography in diagnosis of the brachial plexus disease. Methods Forty-two patients with suspected brachial plexus disease underwent high-frequency ultrasonography. The ultrasonographic findings were compared with clinical data. Results Among the 42 patients, 33 were diagnosed as brachial plexus abnormalities, while 9 as normal according to clinical data. With high-frequency ultrasonography, 26 patients were diagnosed as abnormal brachial plexus and 16 patients as normal. The sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of ultrasonography in diagnosing brachial plexus abnormalities was 78.79%, 100% and 83.33 %, respectively. Conclusion High-frequency ultrasonography is useful in evaluating the brachial plexus disease and may become an important imaging methods for brachial plexus.

Objective The purpose of this study was to evaluate the written project approval Indexes System of Capital Medical Ddevelopment Research Foundation.We analyzed the approval results of application projects and proposed measures to improve the index system.Methods We evaluated its reliability with Cronbach's alpha coefficient,split-half reliability; validity was evaluated with contract validity and content validity,discrimination was studies according to discretion grouping law,and feasibility was studied with the percentage-of-completion method.Results ① Reliability:Cronbach's alpha coefficient of factor and total scores'and split-half reliability were all over 0.80.②Contract validity:the standard factor loading coefficients of the index system were over 0.70 (range:0.57～0.86),indicating path performed well.All factor loading coefficients were statistical significant (T-values were 30.49～54.25,all were over 1.96).Fit Indexes (RMSEA =0.065、NNFI =0.99、IFI =0.99、CFI =0.99、GFI =0.95、AGFI =0.93、X2 =1028.21、X2/DF =11.82) indicated the system's goodness of fit was good.③ Content validity:Scale-level CVI,S-CVI was 0.97 and Interrater agreement was 0.93,over 0.90,which indicated that indexes system's whole Content validity performed well.Except for the item Academic thought item-level CVI being 0.57 all items' item-level CVI were 1.00.④Discrimination:Discrimination index of every primary index,secondary index and total score ranged from 0.51 to 0.76 (all were over 0.40),meaning that discrimination performed extremely well.Conclusion The indexes system's reliability,contract validity,content validity and discrimination conformed to the actual application projects appraisal results.

Purpose To explore the effect of ultrasonic section,patient position and other factors on Young's modulus and shear wave velocity measurement of the muscle,and to study the consistency between Young's modulus and shear wave velocity on reflection of muscle hardness.Materials and Methods Shear wave elastography was used to detect 10 healthy young men and 10 women.Longitudinal and transverse detection of the Young's modulus and shear wave velocity of gastrocnemius and soleus were performed in natural ankle joint position,maximum plantar flexion and maximum dorsiflexion position.Results ① Comparison of the elasticity measurement between gastrocnemius and soleus.There were significant differences in the Young's modulus in the maximum plantar flexion and Young's modulus and shear wave velocity in maximum dorsiflexion position in longitudinal detection (P＜0.05) that gastrocnemius measurements were higher than soleus measurements.There were significant differences in Young's modulus and the shear wave velocity (P＜0.05) in natural position and maximum dorsiflexion position that soleus measurements were higher than gastrocnemius measurements.② In the positions of the ankle joints,the differences between longitudinal detection values and transverse detection values of gastrocnemius or soleus were statistically significant (P＜0.01) and longitudinal detection values were higher than transverse detection values.③ Comparison of the elasticity measurement of gastrocnemius and soleus muscle among different positions of the ankle joints.The measurement in natural position and in the maximum plantar flexion were evidently higher than that in the maximum dorsiflexion position (P＜0.01) in longitudinal detection.The maximum dorsiflexion position showed higher elasticity measurement.Only elasticity measurement in natural position and the maximum plantar flexion of the soleus was statistically different from that in the maximum dorsiflexion position (P＜0.01) that it was higher in the maximum dorsiflexion position.Conclusion The ultrasound elasticity measurements of gastrocnemius and soleus are related with the ultrasonic longitudinal or transverse section and the relative ankle positions.Moreover,there are some differences in elasticity measurements between these two muscles.should be given to all of these in quantitative evaluation of muscle hardness using shear wave ultrasound elastography.

Purpose:The aim of this study was to investigate the diagnostic value of color Doppler Ultrasound in Budd-Chiari Syndrome (BCS) with hepatic venous(HV) outflow obstruction.Materials and Methods:The features of ultrasonography in 138 patients of Budd-Chian Syndrome were analyzed and compared with that of angiography.Results:83 patients had membranous obstruction and 45 segmental occlusion of HV.10 patients had HV stenosis.The ultrasound was able to reveal stenosis,atresia,emboli,or membranous obstruction in hepatic venous outflow tract.Collateral branches could be seen between the hepatic veins with short hepatic vein expanded.Both HV and IVC were involved in 35 cases,with thrombus in IVC in 11 and HV in 7.There was two false positive cases and 3 false negative in ultrasound diagnosis.Conclusion: The position and type of occlusion in HV could be accurately detected by color Doppler ultrasound,and so was the existence and degree of collateral circulation,which were of aid for the operation and follow-up.