Early diagnosis and treatment of adenovirus pneumonia is critical to reduce the mortality and pulmonary sequelae.This review summarizes the research progress of risk factors affecting the severity and poor prognosis of adenovirus pneumonia in children.Adenovirus type 7 and high adenovirus DNA load suggest acute severe disease and sequelae.On imaging, children with pleural effusion and small airway lesions need to be vigilant.Abnormal cytokines are observed in laboratory indicators, and changes in biochemical indicators caused by damage of various organs in and outside the lung suggest the occurrence of severe adenovirus pneumonia.Children with young age, premature birth, underlying diseases, long fever, wheezing, low hemoglobin and albumin, mixed infection, and extrapulmonary complications are more likely to progress to severe adenovirus pneumonia.Children younger than 2 years old, with a family history of asthma, history of wheezing, long fever, dyspnea or even respiratory failure, hospitalized in ICU, ventilator-assisted ventilation, and systemic use of hormones should be more vigilant against pulmonary sequelae.