Objective To study the chemical constitutents of Fomes officinalis and their inhibiting (effect) on thrombin. Methods Compounds were separated by column chromatography with silica gel and polyamide, whose structures were elucidated by spectral analysis and chemical evidence. Results Seven compounds were isolated from the chloroform extract. Their structures were identified as: 3-keto-dehydrosulfurenic (Ⅰ), dehydroeburicoic acid (Ⅱ), eburicoic acid (Ⅲ), sulphurenic acid (Ⅳ), dehydrosulphurenic acid (Ⅴ), dehydroeburiconic acid (Ⅵ), versisponic acid D (Ⅶ). The inhibitory rate of compound Ⅶ on thrombin was 45.36% but others were not obvious. Conclusion Compounds Ⅴ, Ⅶ are isolated from the fungus for the first time. Compound Ⅶ is effective to anti-thrombin at higher concentration, while the remainders are not obvious.

OBJECTIVE To investigate the distribution of bacteria detected from blood culture of pediatric patients and to observe the antibiotic resistance of these bacteria. METHODS The BacT/Alert blood culture system was applied for culture.Species identification and antibiotic resistance tests were performed by the VITEK automicroscan system. RESULTS Coagulase-negative staphylococcus(CNS) and Staphylococcus aureus accounted for 67.2% and 7.8%, respectively.The proportion of Gram-negative bacteria was 14.4%.The resistant rate of CNS and S.aureus to oxacillin was 85% and 36%,respectively.The strains producing the extended spectrum beta-lactamases(ESBLs) of Gram-negative bacteria were often detected. CONCLUSIONS Gram-postive bacteria are the main pathogens detected from the blood culture of pediatric patients.Detection rate of CNS is the highest.Multiresistant strains are common.

Objective　To explore the feasibility and safety of massive lung lavage to dogs in the early stage after acute serious smoke inhalation. Methods　A total of 16 dogs were inflicted with smoke inhaled injury and then divided into group A (n=5) without lung lavage, group B (n=6) in which left lung lavage was followed by lavage on the right 30 min later, and group C (n=5) in which the interval of the lavages on the left and right lung was 4 h. Massive lung lavage was carried out in 1 h after the injury under the guiding fiberoptic bronchoscopy and a special ventilation jet was served to supply enough oxygen to the dogs. The stability of pulmonary function and blood circulation were observed at different time points in every group. Results　The average operating time of unilateral lung lavage was about 15 minuted and the liquid volume left in every lung after operation was from 100 ml to 140 ml when the total lavaging volume was kept in 250 ml. The changes of hemodynamic parameters were identical in Group B and Group C. Inhalation injury had certain negative effect while lung lavage almost had no effect on the blood circulation of the animals in 2 lavage groups. No serious cardiac arrythemia was found in them during the lavaging. Pulmonary function in Group C was better than that in Group B but worse than that in Group A. In the 2 lavaging groups, PaO2 remained higher than 9.33 kPa（FiO2=0.4）during and after the lavaging. Conclusion The ventilation mode and the lavage method introduced here ensure the safety of massive lung lavage in dogs with acute smoke serious inhalation injury.

This paper presents a new, simple and fast algorithm of automated P wave detection in multi-lead ECG Signals. Range of QRS-T complex is detected firstly. Then QRS-T complex is eliminated. Final y, P wave’s onset and offset are detected by using the average of low-pass difference method and tangent method. Tangent method is always used to locate the offset of T Wave but it wil firstly be used to locate the P wave onset and offset in this paper. The proposed algorithm is tested by the annotated CSE database. Result shows that algorithm test result has a good consistency with BIS CSE annotation. Compared with the mean and standard deviation of P wave onset and offset, our algorithm and CSE annotation is-2.01 ms, 3.94 ms and 4.96 ms, 5.86 ms.

Objective:To analyze the general chapter for lotions 0127 of the Chinese Pharmacopoeia 2020 Vol-ume Ⅳ,and discuss how to improve the general technical requirements of lotions 0127 in the Chinese Pharma-copoeia.Methods:By comparing the general chapter for lotions in domestic and international pharmacopoe-ias,the definition,classification,process,storage and corresponding inspection requirements were analyzed.Results and Conclusions:The general chapter for lotions 0127 of the Chinese Pharmacopoeia should be revised,including improvement of the definition,increasement of forms of preparations,and expansion of included varieties,so as to promote scientific regulation for drugs and exhibit a guiding role of the Chinese pharmacopoeia in drug control.

According to the requirement of the national assessment for achieving the infection control criteria, 42 villages (among them,25 villages belonged to the first stratum, and 17 villages belonged to the second stratum) in 14 counties from 5 provinces, including Hunnan, Hubei, Jiangxi, Anhui and Yunnan, were selected as sampling villages for the assessment.The results from the field assessment showed that 154 out of 9 067 people were found infected with Sckistosoma japonicum, with an average infection rate of 1.7% ranged from 0.31 % to 4.10% , and only Yongping Village from Weishan County and Tenglong Village from Eryuan County were not found any case. A total of 46 out of 3 323 head of cattle were infected with S. japonicum, with an average infection rate of 1.38% ranged from 0.26% to 3.79% , and no any infected individual detected in Nanling County. No outbreak occurred in those sampling villages. Therefore, it is indicated that the five sampling provinces have reached the national criteria on infection control of schistosomiasis.

Objective To investigate the diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) with NPM_RARα fusion gene positive. Methods One APL patient with NPM_RARα fusion gene positive who was diagnosed by using morphology, immunology, cytogenetics, molecular biology and multiplex fluorescence in situ hybridization in Changhai Hospital in November 2014 was retrospectively analyzed, and the patient was induced with retinoic acid and treated with DA (daunorubicin + cytarabine) regimen, followed by 4 courses of cytarabine consolidation therapy. Results Abnormal promyelocyte accounted for 0.64 by morphology. And the group of cells expressed myeloperoxidase (MPO), CD13, CD15, CD117, and CD7, CD11c, CD79a, CD123 weakly expressed or not by immunophenotype analysis; karyotype analysis showed 45, XY, t(5;17), 7p-,-16[8]/46, idem,+20[5]/45, idem,-8,+20[2]/46, XY[5]; the fusion gene screening showed that the expression level of NPM_RARα was 416.98% compared with that of APL; molecular complete remission was obtained after the consolidation therapy, but the patient relapsed after 34 months. Finally, the patient died of abnormal coagulation and respiratory failure, with overall survival of 35 months. Conclusion APL with NPM_RARα fusion gene positive is a rare type of acute leukemia, and the main treatment method is retinoic acid combined with myeloid chemotherapy regimen, which has a favorable efficacy but a poor prognosis.

Objective:To investigate the clinical manifestations and characteristics of children infected with 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) in Wuhan City.Methods:The clinical data of 146 children diagnosed with 2019 novel coronavirus infection by nasopharyngeal swab real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction in Wuhan Children′s Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology from January 21 to February 24, 2020 were retrospectively analyzed. The basic data, clinical symptoms, laboratory examinations, pulmonary imaging, clinical classification, treatment medication and the prognosis of disease were included for analysis.Results:Among the 146 cases, 86 (58.9%) were males and 60 (41.1%) were females, with a median age of 6 years and 10 months.Three cases (2.1%) had a history of underlying diseases, 127 cases (87.0%) had a clear history of infected family clusters, and two cases (1.4%) had a history of exposure with Huanan Seafood Wholesale Market in Wuhan City. The clinical classifications included 20 asymptomatic cases (13.7%), 26 mild cases (17.8%), 99 ordinary cases (67.8%), and one critical case (0.7%). A total of 146 patients were tested positive for nasopharyngeal swabs by 2019-nCoV nucleic acid. Among them, 10 patients had a negative nasopharyngeal swab nucleic acid test before diagnosis, and one of them had a negative nasopharyngeal swab nucleic acid test for two consecutive times. The initial symptoms were mainly fever (59 cases, 40.4%) and cough (52 cases, 35.6%). Thirteen cases (8.9%) showed decreased leukocyte counts and three cases (2.1%) showed decreased lymphocyte counts. In addition, aspartate aminotransferase increased in 23 cases (15.8%), serum creatinine increased in seven cases (4.8%), lactic acid dehydrogenase increased in 26 cases (17.8%), and C reactive protein increased in 38 cases (26.0%). Fifty-nine cases (40.4%) were tested positive for IgM antibody to Mycoplasma pneumoniae. One hundred cases (68.5%) were abnormal in pulmonary imaging and 50 cases (34.2%) presented with multiple frosted glass shadows. All the 146 children were given general treatment, and the antiviral treatment was mainly interferon or interferon combined with oral medication. As of February 24, 2020, 72 cases (49.3%) were discharged from the hospital after reaching the de-isolation standard, with a median length of stay of 10 days, and there was no death case.Conclusions:Children with 2019-nCoV infection in Wuhan City are mainly caused by family aggregation. The clinical classification is mainly ordinary type, and the laboratory examination has no specificity. Specimens could be collected from multiple repeatable sites for 2019-nCoV nucleic acid test in suspected cases. Chest computed tomography has certain value for the diagnosis of children with 2019-nCoV infection. The recent prognosis of the patients is good with general treatment.

Objective:To investigate the efficacy of different laparoscopic surgeries for gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIST) of gastric cardia and fundus.Methods:The retrospective cohort study was conducted. The clinicopathological data of 251 patients with GIST of gastric cardia and fundus who underwent laparoscopic radical resection in 14 medical centers, including Guangdong Provincial People′s Hospital et al, from December 2007 to December 2021 were collected. There were 123 males and 128 females, aged 58(24,87)years. Observation indicators: (1) treatment; (2) clinicopathological data of patients undergoing different laparoscopic surgeries; (3) subgroup analysis for special laparoscopic techniques. Measurement data with normal distribution were represented as Mean± SD, and comparison between groups was conducted using the t test or ANOVA. Measure-ment data with skewed distribution were represented as M( Q1, Q3), and comparison between groups was conducted using the Mann-Whitney U test or Kruskal-Wallis H test. Count data were described as absolute numbers or percentages. Comparison of ordinal data was conducted using the rank sum test. Results:(1) Treatment. Of the 251 patients,202 cases underwent gastric wedge resection, 26 cases underwent special laparoscopic techniques including 10 cases with serotomy and dissection and 16 cases with transluminal gastrectomy, 23 cases underwent structural gastrectomy including 6 cases with total gastrectomy and 17 cases with proximal partial gastrectomy. There were 24 patients had postoperative complications after surgery. (2) Clinicopathological data of patients undergoing different laparoscopic surgeries. The gender (male, female), age, tumor diameter, operation time, volume of intraoperative blood loss, length of incision, time to postoperative initial whole liquid food intake, time to postoperative initial semi-liquid food intake, duration of postoperative hospital stay, cases with perioperative complications, cases with mitotic count as ≤5/50 high power field, 6?10/50 high power field, >10/50 high power field, cases be classified as very low risk, low risk, medium risk, high risk according to the National Institutes of Health risk classification, cases with tumor located at fundus and gastric cardia were 93, 109, (59±11)years, 3.50(0.40,10.00)cm, 88.00(25.00,290.00)minutes,20.00(25.00,290.00)mL, 4.00(2.00,12.00)cm, 3.00(1.00,9.00)days, 4.00(1.00,16.00)days, 5.00(1.00,18.00)days, 14, 164, 31, 7, 47, 83, 50, 22, 30, 172 in patients undergoing gastric wedge resection, respectively. The above indicators were 19, 7, (49±14)years, 2.55(0.20,5.00)cm, 101.00(59.00,330.00)minutes, 27.50(2.00,300.00)mL, 4.50(0,6.00)cm, 2.50(1.00,10.00)days, 4.00(1.00,16.00)days, 6.00(1.00,18.00)days, 3, 20, 5, 1, 15, 5, 2, 4, 24, 2 in patients undergoing special laparos-copic techniques, and 11, 12, (52±10)years, 5.00(0.80,10.00)cm, 187.00(80.00,325.00)minutes, 50.00(10.00,300.00)mL, 6.00(4.00,12.00)cm, 4.00(2.00,8.00)days, 6.00(3.00,14.00)days, 8.00(2.00,18.00)days, 7, 11, 5, 7, 2, 6, 6, 9, 13, 10 in patients undergoing structural gastrectomy. There were significant differences in the above indicators among the three groups of patients ( χ2=6.75, F=10.19, H=17.71, 37.50, 35.54, 24.68, 16.09,20.20, 13.76, χ2=13.32, Z=28.98, 32.17, χ2=82.14, P<0.05). (3) Subgroup analysis for special laparoscopic techniques. The time to postoperative initial whole liquid food intake, time to postoperative initial semi-liquid food intake, classification of tumor location (endophytic type, exophytic type, parietal type) were 4.50(1.00,10.00)days, 8.00(3.00,12.00)days, 0, 8, 2 in patients undergoing serotomy and dissection, versus 2.00(1.00,4.00)days, 3.00(1.00,6.00)days, 16, 0, 0 in patients undergoing transluminal gastrectomy. There were significant differences in time to postoperative initial whole liquid food intake, time to postoperative initial semi-liquid food intake between them ( Z=-2.65, -3.16, P<0.05); and there was a significant difference in classification of tumor location between them ( P<0.05). Conclusions:Gastric wedge resection is the most commonly used laparoscopic technique for GIST of gastric cardia and fundus. The application of special laparoscopic techniques is focused on the GIST of cardia to preserve the function of the cardia.