AIM:To study the urinary pharmacokinetics of five anthraquinones after oral administration of Xiexin Decoction(Radix et Rhizoma rhei,Rhizoma coptidis and Radix scutellariae) in rats.METHODS:A high-performance liquid chromatographic method with fluorescence detection(HPLC-FLD) was established and validated the quantification for five anthraquinones(aloe-emodin,rhein,emodin,chrysophanol and physcion) in rat urine.SD rats were given 12 g/kg of Xiexin Decoction.Urine was collected before and after perfusion.Anthraquinones components in urine were measured by HPLC-FLD.Urinary pharmacokinetic parameters were determined according to urinary output-time data.RESULTS:After oral administration of Xiexin Decoction all the five anthraquinones were excreted from the urine.The excretion T_ 1/2 of aloe-emodin,rhein,emodin,chrysophanol and physcion were 3.46?1.18,3.24?0.60,4.69?1.99,4.49?1.63,5.65?1.74 h,respectively.The amounts of aloe-emodin,rhein,emodin,chrysophanol and physcion excreted from urine during 0～48 h were(11.28?4.30)?g,(116.73?17.46)?g,(5.48?2.92)?g,(9.53?2.67)?g,(0.41?0.20)?g,respectively.CONCLUSION:After oral administration of Xiexin Decoction five anthraquinones were excreted from urine and a small quantity of five anthraquinones excreted from urine in rats is less than 10% of oral dose.

Objective To analyze the mechanism of pigment epithelium?derived factor(PEDF)regulation in lung cancer cell proliferation and migration by vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF). Methods VEGF expression was observed after overexpression or silencing of PEDF. Proliferation and migration were analyzed by MTT and transwell assays. Real?time PCR and Western blotting were performed to investigate the mechanism underlying PEDF regulation of the VEGF/SRC/FAK pathways. Results PEDF could inhibit the proliferation and migration of A549 cells by VEGF. Conclusion PEDF can be considered as a potential therapeutic target for lung cancer.

The teaching hospitals'particularity of practicing protrudes the promoting role of train the students comprehensive quality by practice and hospital culture. The article discusses promotion of medical students' professional skills and puts forward the corresponding counter-measure proposal.

Objective To detect the expression levels of RAD21(S.Pombe RAD21 homolog)in lung cancer,and assess its clinical significance and potential functions. Methods The expression level of RAD21 in lung cancer was determined by Western blot and immunohistochemistry meth?ods;the RAD21 mRNA expression in lung cancer was analyzed through Oncomine database;the relationship between the RAD21 expression levels and prognosis in patients with lung cancer was studied by Kaplan Meier curve;the RAD21 functions in lung cancer were predicted by using gene set enrichment analysis. Results Compared with adjacent normal tissue,the protein level of RAD21 in lung tissues were upregulated . The data from Oncomine database showed that RAD21 mRNA levels were significantly higher than the normal control groups in multiple lung cancer datasets(P<0.01);in addition,Kaplan?Meier survival curves showed that the RAD21 expression levels was correlated with the survival of patients with lung can?cer(P<0.05);gene set enrichment analysis indicated that RAD21 was mainly enriched in apoptotic signaling pathways and cell cycle regulation gene sets. Conclusion The downregulated RAD21 could be used as a biomarker to assess the prognosis of lung cancer patients. In addition, RAD21 may be involved in the regulation of cell cycle and apoptosis,which affects the development and progression of lung cancer.

Objective To study the effect of serum leptin in “two hits” of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD).Methods Fasting serum leptin(LEP) ,malondialdehyde(MDA) ,hyaluronic- acid(HA) ,type Ⅲ procollagen ( PCⅢ), laminin ( LN), and type Ⅳ collagen ( Ⅳ-C ) were detected in 43 simple nonalcoholic fatty liver( NAFL ) patients ,41 NASH patients and 40 healthy subjects. Insulin resistance was estimated by HOMA value and its relatio nship with leptin level in NAFLD was analyzed. The severity of lipid peroxidation was estimated by MDA and its relationship with leptin level in NAFLD was analyzed. The relationship of serum fibrosis markers with leptin level in NAFLD also was analyzed. Results Serum leptin, HOMA value in NAFLD were higher than those of healthy controis. MDA,PC Ⅲ 、Ⅳ-C 、LN 、HA in NASH were higher than those of healthy controls or simple NAFL patients. ,HOMA value, in NAFLD positively correlated with leptin. MDA, PC Ⅲ、 Ⅳ-C 、LN、HA in NASH positively correlated with leptin. Conclusion Serum leptin closely correlated with insulin resistance which results in “First hit” of NAFLD. There was certain relationship of leptin with “Second hit” of NAFLD. Leptin should be one of the factors which result in liver fibrosis.

Objective To investigate the effect of Xiexin Decoction(XXD) on the early diabetic nephropathy(DN) of diabetic rats induced by high-fat diet with injection of streptozotocin(STZ).MethodsMale Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into two groups and fed with normal pellet diet(NPD) or high-fat diet(HFD),respectively,for a period of four weeks and then HFD-fed rats were ip injected with STZ.The diabetic rats were divided into three groups: model group,XXD group,and metformin group.After 13-weeks ig administration,fasting blood glucose(FBG),glycated hemoglobin(HbAlc),blood lipids(TG and TC),serum insulin(INS),renal function,kidney index,albumin in urine,and the renal histology and ultrastructure were observed.Results Compared with the model group,XXD reduced the levels of water intake,food consumption,urine volume,HbAlc,insulin resistance index(IRI),creatinine clearance rate(CCr),albumin in urine and blood lipids(P

Objective To observe the effect of calycosin on cisplatin?induced inhibition of human gastric BGC823 cells. Methods BGC823 cells were treated with different drugs:saline,cisplatin,calycosin and cisplatin combined with calycosin. MTT assays were used to detect the prolif?eration rate of BGC823 cell. Then the protein level and RNA level of cyclin D1,CDK4 and CDK6 were detected by Western blotting and Real?time PCR. Results The proliferation inhibition rates of BGC823 cells treated with 20μg/mL cisplatin,10μg/mL meperoflavone,and combina?tion of the 2 drugs were 56.44%± 2.08%,9.52%± 2.77%and 74.44%± 0.82%,respectively. The inhibition rate of the combination of drugs was significantly higher than that of the single drug treatment group(P<0.05). In addition,we found that calycosin can significantly enhance the inhi?bition of Cyclin D1,CDK4 and CDK6 by cisplatin in protein level and RNA level. Conclusion Calycosin can significantly increase the inhibitory rate of cisplatin on BGC823 cell proliferation,and the combination of the two drugs can reduce the side effects of cisplatin.

This article analyzes the factors of influencing practice quality from such aspects as hospital management,medical reform,clinical teachers and students and points out that only by enhancing the management of practice hospital as well as the system of examining and assessment,raising the teacher guidance and teaching consciousness and guiding the students to properly handle with the relations between employment,entrance exam for postgraduate and practice can we guarantee the clinical practice quality.

As an important gene regulatory molecule, microRNA is closely related with various human diseases. Numerous studies have confirmed that microRNAs function as tumor suppressors or oncogenes in various tumor types. Therefore, microRNA investiga-tion has become a new direction in oncology research. As a member of the miR-17 to-92 cluster, miR-17-5p has been the focus of re-search recently. MicroRNA is involved in many aspects of diseases, such as diabetes mellitus, endometriosis, and a variety of tumors. In this review, the basic characteristics and roles of miR-17-5p in tumors are elaborated.