Objective To establish burn-induced esophageal lesion model by adding NaOH with different concentrations in rabbits, and investigate the effect of modified sijunzi decoction on the p53 and Bcl-2.Methods After injection with different concentrations of NaOH, esophagus was dissected and observed anatomically.Rabbits were given a gavage of modified Sijunzi decoction daily for 20 days, and then were injected with NaOH.Esophageal epithelium isolated from each group was observed by hematoxylin-eosin staining.p53 and Bcl-2 protein and mRNA expression was measured with western blot and qRT-PCR, respectively.Results The degree of corrosion of esophageal epithelium was positively correlated with the concentration of NaOH.p53 protein and mRNA levels were increased after NaOH challenge; this increase was inhibited by treatment with modified Sijunzi decoction.Additionally, NaOH decreased Bcl-2 protein and mRNA, which was attenuated by modified Sijunzi decoction.Conclusion Modified sijunzi decoction can relieve the esophageal alkali burning in a dose-dependent manner, suggesting that modified Sijunzi decoction may be a useful strategy to treat chemical injuries in esophageal tissue.

40 years old in 6 Uygur communities of Urumqi. The multi-phasic stratified cluster sampling method was adopted. Finally 191 men with high risk were selected as samples in the study and classified into two groups according to oral glucose tolerance test(OGTT)results, anthropometric and biochemical indicators. Results The prevalence of type 2 diabetes and IGR was 17.39% and 7.56% respecfively in the Uygur nationality. Waist-hip ratio, abdominal and waist circumference,the level of HbA1c and serum insulin of male diabetic patients were significantly higher than those of male IGR potieuts. But another four indicators of blood lipid and three indicators of renal function were not significantly different between two groups. Conclusion The indicators releted to abdominal obesity may be sensitive to diabetes and valuable to screen diabetic patients for giving effective health education and behavioral intervention in high risk population.

BACKGROUND: Pentoxifylline (PTX), as an effective drug to improve blood rheology, has been used as a vasodilator for the treatment of vascular diseases and peripheral vascular disease science 1960s. But the role of PTX on skin blood flow to improve flap survival remains still unclear. OBJECTIVE: Through the clinical application of PTX therapy, the dynamic observation of random flap to understand that the PTX can promote flap survival and improve blood circulation of flap. METHODS: A total of 39 patients (27 males and 12 females aging 7-54 years) with skin tissue defect undergoing random flap repairing were selected from Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, First Hospital of Hebei Medical University. The 39 cases were randomly divided into control group and drug group. Patients in the drug group were given intravenous injection of 250 mL PTX at day 2 after random flap operation, once a day, until 14 days after flap repairing surgery. On the first day after flap pedicle surgery, 250 mL PTX sodium chloride injection was intravenously given, once a day, until 7 days after flap pedicle surgery. The control group was not given PTX treatment. The value of blood perfusion (PU) was measured using laser-Doppler blood reperfusion image after flap transplantation, before and after pedicle division. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: All 39 patients were completely cured and discharged, with no interruption experiments. Before pedicle division, PU value at distal flap in both drug and control groups were increased obviously, and the PU value in the drug group was significantly higher than control group (P < 0.05); after pedicle division, the PU value in the two groups were decreased, and there was no significant difference between the two groups (P > 0.05). Prior to pedicle division, the PU value of pedicle was gradually decreased and then increased in the drug group, and that in the control group was gradually increased. On the seventh day, the PU value of pedicle was stable in the drug group, and there was no significant difference between the two groups (P> 0.05); after pedicle division immediately, the PU values of pedicle were decreased in the two groups, and then the increase in the drug group was remarkable compared to control group (P < 0.05). Two sets of random flaps all survived, and skin defects were successfully repaired after pedicle division. PTX can markedly increase blood perfusion after random flap transplantation, promote flap survival and pedicle division in an early stage, and effectively shorten the healing time.

Objective To know the establishment of the flap pedicle blood supply and the right moment of the cutting off of pedicle by means of laser Doppler blood perfusion imaging instrument on the random flap blood flow changes.Methods 20 adult healthy rabbits were divided in to four groups and each 5 have unilateral flaps.1,3,5,7,9,12,14,18 days after operation,the pedicle blood perfusion values (PU) measurement of the distal pedicle on the flap and midpoint of both ends of the pedicle were performed,and PU values were analyzed.Results Pedicle of the PU values at the different time points changed little (P＞0.05).The PU value in the distal flap reached the minimum 1 day after operation and then increased gradually [3 d (1.24±0.07),5 d (1.57±0.15),7 d (1.79±0.08),9 d(1.89±0.13),12 d(2.01±0.16),14 d(2.18±0.09) and 18 d(2.40±0.18),P＜0.05].When distal PU values/pedicle PU value≥1.2,the flap survival rate reached 99%.Conclusions The establishment of random skin flap blood circulation,as well as the ratio of PU values of distal to the pedicle flap pedicle can be used as the timing of an important indicators.

BACKGROUND: Random flap as a primary means of wound healing, is widely used at present, its blood circulation to establish the situation is also researched a lot, but not yet the system of random skin flap perfusion were observed and measured. In addition, the timing of pedicle division of a pedicle flap random is also a hot topic, but not yet a mature clinical testing method has been discovered to determine the best timing.OBJECTIVE: By means of laser Doppler blood perfusion imaging, this study was designed to dynamically observe random flap microcirculation, to understand the changes on random flap blood flow, and to determine the best timing of pedicle division. METHODS: A total of 18 cases were divided into traditional pedicle division group and early pedicle division group. Pedicle flap blood perfusion values were statistically measured immediately after surgery, at 3, 7,11,15, and 19 days after surgery, before division, immediately after division, and at 24 hours after pedicle division, 8-9 phases in total.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Distal blood perfusion value was increased with the time prolongation in both groups; while, the blood perfusion in various time phases was significantly different from that after surgery (P < 0.05); but, the blood perfusion was decreased immediately after surgery, which was still significantly compared with traditional pedicle division group (P< 0.05). There was no significant different in blood perfusion between early pedicle division and immediate after surgery of pedicle division (P > 0.05), but there was significant difference between 24 hours after pedicle division and immediate after surgery of pedicle division (P< 0.05). Blood perfusion values were less changed in both groups (P> 0.05). The ratio of both groups peaked before pedicle division and then gradually decreased after pedicle division. The best timing of pedicle division was the ratio of 1.2.

Portopulmonary hypertension (POPH) refers to the increase in pulmonary artery pressure on the basis of portal hypertension, which may lead to progressive right ventricular failure and death with disease progression. POPH has a low incidence rate and is often neglected by clinicians due to a lack of symptoms or the presence of non-specific symptoms in the early stage. This article summarizes the research advances in the pathogenesis, diagnosis, and treatment of POPH in recent years, introduces the noninvasive detection methods currently available for POPH diagnosis, and explores the selection of appropriate treatment methods based on the severity and individualized conditions of patients with POPH, so as to improve the understanding of this disease among clinicians.

Sal-like 4 (SALL4) is a transcription factor that helps to maintain self-renewal and pluripotency of stem cells. This gene is expressed in the human fetal liver, but is silent in the healthy adult liver. It has been reported that SALL4 has a diagnostic value in a variety of solid tumors. These characteristics make SALL4 a possible tumor biomarker for liver cancer. This article reviews the recent advances in the role of SALL4 in the development, progression, metastasis, and other biological processes of primary liver cancer, as well as its role in predicting the prognosis of primary liver cancer. We believe that with further studies, SALL4 and related microRNAs may become new markers for the diagnosis, treatment, and prognostic evaluation of primary liver cancer.

Objective:To identify the risk factors for premature proximal femur physeal closure (PPC) in children treated surgically for femoral neck fractures.Methods:Data of 106 children with an open triradiate cartilage who were treated surgically for a femoral neck fracture were retrospectively analyzed. Age, gender, laterality, mechanism of injury, the type of fracture, initial displacement, time to reduction, fixation method, whether the implant crossed the physeal plate, reduction method, reduction quality and development of femoral head avascular necrosis (AVN) were collected. PPC of the proximal femur was assessed through postoperative 6-12 months radiographs.Results:A total of 106 patients with an open triradiate cartilage were followed up, with an average duration of 20.4±13.3 months (range, 6-86 months). The overall rate of PPC following paediatric femoral neck fractures treated surgically was 36.8% (39/106). Among the 39 patients with PPC, 25 were males and 14 were females; the average age at the time of injury was 9.7±3.6 years (range, 3-15 years); 23 patients were involved in left hips and 16 were in right; the mechanisms of injury included motor vehicle accident in 5 fractures, falling injury in 21, sports-related injury in 12 and other causes in 1 fracture; two hips were Delbet type I, and 26 hips and 11 hips were Delbet type II and III, separately; type II and III of initial displacement were involved in 26 and 13 patients, separately; the mean duration from injury to surgery was 3.3±2.8 d (range, 1-14 d); 2 hips were treated with Kirschner wires, 35 hips with screw fixation, and the remaining 2 hips underwent screw and plate fixation; 2 hips had the hardware crossing the proximal femoral growth plate, and the remaining 37 hips didn’t; 15 hips were treated by closed reduction and internal fixation, and the other 24 hips underwent open reduction and internal fixation; anatomical reduction was achieved in 14 patients, acceptable reduction in 24 hips and unacceptable reduction in 1 hip; 24 hips developed AVN at the latest follow-up and the remaining 15 hips didn’t. Statistical analysis indicated that age ( t=3.875, P< 0.001), the severity of initial displacement ( Z=-2.118, P=0.034) and the rate of AVN ( χ2=42.280, P< 0.001) in patients with PPC were significantly higher than those in patients without; Logistic regression analysis confirmed age ( OR=1.288, P=0.011) and AVN ( OR=40.336, P< 0.001) as risk factors for PPC. ROC curve analysis indicated 10 years was the cut off age to significantly increase the rate of PPC. The rate of PPC in patients aged over 10 years (63.6%, 21/33) was significantly higher than that (24.7%, 18/73) in those aged less than 10 years ( χ2=14.848, P< 0.001). Conclusion:Age over 10 years and AVN are risk factors for PPC in children with femoral neck fractures treated surgically.

Drug-induced liver injury (DILI) refers to liver injury caused by one or more drugs or their metabolites after use. Due to the various types of drugs and large differences between individuals, there are many difficulties in the clinical diagnosis of DILI, and the search for new biomarkers has become a research hotspot. Related studies have shown that cytokines play a key role in DILI, especially idiosyncratic DILI. This article outlines the role of different cytokines in DILI and their value in predicting the severity and evaluating prognosis of DILI. It is pointed out that cytokines have a broad application prospect as biomarkers for DILI.

Humans ; COVID-19 ; HIV Infections/drug therapy* ; Risk Factors